Chadan (Russian: Чада́н; Tuvan: Чадаана, Çadaana) is a town and the administrative center of Dzun-Khemchiksky District in the Tuva Republic, Russia, located on the Chadan River (in the Yenisei's basin), 224 kilometers (139 mi) west of Kyzyl, the capital of the republic. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 9,035.[2] The Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu was born in Chadan.
Chadan
Чадан | |
|---|---|
| Other transcription(s) | |
| • Tuvan | Чадаана |
 Buddhist temple in Chadan | |
 Flag | |
Location of Chadan  | |
  Chadan Location of Chadan  Chadan Chadan (Tuva Republic) | |
| Coordinates: 51°17′N 91°35′E / 51.283°N 91.583°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Tuva[1] |
| Administrative district | Dzun-Khemchiksky District[1] |
| Town under district jurisdiction | Chadan[1] |
| Founded | 1873 |
| Town status since | 1945 |
| Elevation | 810 m (2,660 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 9,035 |
| • Estimate (2018)[3] | 9,139 (+1.2%) |
| • Capital of | Dzun-Khemchiksky District,[1] Chadan Town Under District Jurisdiction[1] |
| • Municipal district | Dzun-Khemchiksky Municipal District[4] |
| • Urban settlement | Chadan Urban Settlement[4] |
| • Capital of | Dzun-Khemchiksky Municipal District,[4] Chadan Urban Settlement[4] |
| Time zone | UTC+7 (MSK+4  [5]) |
| Postal code(s)[6] | 668110, 668111, 668118 |
| Dialing code(s) | +7 39434 |
| OKTMO ID | 93615101001 |
| 2010 Census | 9,035[2] |
|---|---|
| 2002 Census | 9,454[7] |
| 1989 Census | 10,775[8] |
| 1979 Census | 8,985[9] |
History edit
This section needs additional citations for verification. (February 2024) |
In 1873, at the confluence of Khondergey and Chadan Rivers, a Buddhist monastery called Aldee-Khuree was founded. This year is considered the founding year of Chadan.
In 1923, the village by the monastery was known as Artadyt. In January 1929, when the Plenum Tuvan People's Revolutionary Party adopted an anti-religious decree, the Aldee-Khuree monastery was closed and destroyed, and the village was renamed Chadan.
In May 1945, Chadan was granted town status and became the administrative center of Dzun-Khemchiksky District. Around this time, coal deposits were discovered nearby and with open-pit mining starting soon after.
Administrative and municipal status edit
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Chadan serves as the administrative center of Dzun-Khemchiksky District.[1] As an administrative division, it is, together with one rural locality (the arban of Kirsaray), incorporated within Dzun-Khemchiksky District as Chadan Town Under District Jurisdiction.[1] As a municipal division, Chadan Town Under District Jurisdiction is incorporated within Dzun-Khemchiksky Municipal District as Chadan Urban Settlement.[4]
Economy edit
There are bread-making and a butter-making plants in the town.[citation needed] Coal is mined in the town's vicinity.[citation needed]
Culture edit
In the Khemchic Valley, 7 km outside town, stands a stubby mud wall decorated with a portrait of the Dalai Lama. That's all that remains of the original Ustuu-Khuree Buddhist temple which had been built in between 1905 and 1908 on the orders of Khaidyp, the local tribal ruler. Khaidyp's adopted son, Mongush Buyan-Badirgi later rose to become independent Tuva's founder and first prime minister.[10] Thus the monastery became a place of considerable influence in Tuvan culture: The first Tuvan coin was minted here and it was a monk from the temple (Mongush Lopsang-Chinmit) who formulated the Latin-based script for the Tuvan language that was used from 1930 to 1943. After the communist coup that ousted Buyan-Badirgi, the temple buildings were mostly destroyed (1937) and the monks exiled or executed.[10]
Since 1999, Chadan has been the site for the annual Ustuu-Khuree festival,[11] originally founded to fund the reconstruction of the Ustuu-Khuree Temple. In 2008 the institution was refounded - assisted by local-born Sergei Shoigu, then Russia's minister of Emergency Situations (and now Defence Minister).[10] The temple finally reopened in 2012 under the guidance of chief monk Jampel Lodoy who would later ascend to the position of Tuva's Kamby Lama, the republic's highest position in the Buddhist clergy.
References edit
Notes edit
- ^ a b c d e f g h Resolution #1648 ZP-1
- ^ a b c Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
- ^ a b c d e Law #268 VKh-1
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ Russian Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1979 г. Национальный состав населения по регионам России [All Union Population Census of 1979. Ethnic composition of the population by regions of Russia] (XLS). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1979 года [All-Union Population Census of 1979] (in Russian). 1979 – via Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics.
- ^ a b c Calvert Journal
- ^ Ustuu Khuree festival on the SayanRing website
Sources edit
- Законодательная палата Великого Хурала Республики Тыва. Постановление №1648 ЗП-1 от 21 декабря 2005 г. «Об утверждении реестра административно-территориального деления Республики Тыва», в ред. Постановления №455 ЗП-2 от 21 ноября 2007 г «О внесении изменения в реестр административно-территориального деления Республики Тыва». Вступил в силу 21 декабря 2005 г. Опубликован: "Тувинская правда", №2, 12 января 2006 г. (Legislative Chamber of the Great Khural of the Tyva Republic. Resolution #1648 ZP-1 of December 21, 2005 On Establishing the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Division of the Tyva Republic, as amended by the Resolution #455 ZP-2 of November 21, 2007 On Amending the Registry of the Administrative-Territorial Division of the Tyva Republic. Effective as of December 21, 2005.).
- Великий Хурал (парламент) Республики Тыва. Закон №268 ВХ-1 от 24 декабря 2010 г. «О статусе муниципальных образований Республики Тыва», в ред. Закона №837 ВХ-1 от 10 октября 2011 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Республики Тыва "О статусе муниципальных образований Республики Тыва"». Вступил в силу со дня официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Тувинская правда", №178 (без приложений), 31 декабря 2010 г. (Great Khural (Parliament) of the Tyva Republic. Law #268 VKh-1 of December 24, 2010 On the Status of the Municipal Formations of the Tyva Republic, as amended by the Law #837 VKh-1 of October 10, 2011 On Amending the Law of the Tyva Republic "On the Status of the Municipal Formations of the Tyva Republic". Effective as of the official publication date.).
External links edit
- Official website of Chadan (in Russian)
- Chadan Business Directory (in Russian)