Eudontomyzon danfordi, the Carpathian brook lamprey or Danube lamprey, is a species of lamprey in the family Petromyzontidae. It is found in Austria, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Hungary, Moldova, Romania, Serbia, Montenegro, Slovakia, and Ukraine. Unlike other brook lampreys, this fish is parasitic.[4]
| Eudontomyzon danfordi | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Infraphylum: | Agnatha |
| Class: | Hyperoartia |
| Order: | Petromyzontiformes |
| Family: | Petromyzontidae |
| Genus: | Eudontomyzon |
| Species: | E. danfordi
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| Binomial name | |
| Eudontomyzon danfordi Regan, 1911
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| Synonyms[2][3] | |
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Description edit
The Carpathian brook lamprey grows to a maximum length of 35 centimetres (14 in). It is a long eel-like fish and its girth is greatest in the middle. It is a uniform silvery-olive colour. It has no jaws and the mouth is surrounded by an oral plate with many small blunt teeth. There are cartilaginous plates inside the mouth and the central, lingual plate has nine to thirteen teeth, a fact that distinguishes it from other lamprey species. The single nostril is between the eyes and seven naked gill pores are behind them. The only fins are two dorsal fins that run most of the way along the spine, and a small diamond-shaped tail fin.[5]
Distribution edit
The Carpathian brook lamprey is found in the Danube river basin, particularly in its tributaries the Tisza and the Timiș. It is a non-migratory, entirely freshwater species.[1]
Biology edit
Reproduction usually takes place in the winter and march in small brooks and streams. The adults afterwards die. The larvae are called ammocoetes and at first develop among the sand and gravel on the bed of the stream. They feed on detritus, insect larvae and small crustaceans that they filter out of the sediment. They undergo metamorphosis when about four years old. As adults, they feed on living fish or dead sharks, gripping them with their small rasping teeth and swallowing smaller food items whole.
Status edit
The Carpathian brook lamprey is listed as being of "Endangered" in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Although pollution is threatening their spawning sites and their numbers seem to be declining, this is not happening at a sufficiently rapid rate for them to be included in a higher risk category.
References edit
- ^ a b Freyhof, J.; Kottelat, M. (2008). "Eudontomyzon danfordi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2008: e.T8172A12894846. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2008.RLTS.T8172A12894846.en. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
- ^ Van Der Laan, Richard; Eschmeyer, William N.; Fricke, Ronald (11 November 2014). "Family-group names of Recent fishes". Zootaxa. 3882 (1): 1–230. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3882.1.1. PMID 25543675.
- ^ Froese, R.; Pauly, D. (2017). "Petromyzontidae". FishBase version (02/2017). Retrieved 18 May 2017.
- ^ "Eudontomyzon danfordi, Carpathian lamprey : Fisheries, bait".
- ^ Maitland, Peter S. (2000). Freshwater Fish of Britain and Europe. Octopus Publishing Group. pp. 62–64. ISBN 0-600-59690-7.