C-Lion1 is a submarine communications cable between Finland and Germany. The cable is owned and operated by the Finnish telecommunications and IT services company Cinia Oy.[1] It is the first direct communications cable between Finland and Central Europe; previous connections have been through Sweden and Denmark.
| C-Lion1 | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Owners: Cinia Oy | |
| Landing points | |
| Total length | 1,173 kilometres (729 mi) |
| Design capacity | 120 Tbit/s |
| Currently lit capacity | 144 Tbit/s |
The cable was damaged in November 2024, taking the cable offline between November 18 and November 28.[2] Some officials suspect the damaging was an act of sabotage.[3] The connection was offline again between December 25, 2024 and January 6, 2025 in connection with the 2024 Estlink 2 incident.[4][5]
The cable is 1,173 kilometres (729 mi) long and has eight fiber pairs with a design capacity of 120 Tbit/s and a maximum capacity of 144 Tbit/s.[6][7][8]
History
editAlcatel Submarine Networks commenced the installation of the cable in October 2015, completing the process in January 2016. The cable entered commercial operation in May 2016.
In October 2017, a network switch was installed to the Finnish port city of Hanko.[9]
Faults in 2024–2025
editA fault was detected in the cable on 18 November 2024,[10] after which the services provided over the cable went down. According to the Finnish operating company 'Cinia Oy', the cable service was interrupted by a subsea physical force .[3] The fault was discovered off the coast of the Swedish island of Öland.[11]
German Federal Defense Minister Boris Pistorius called the incident an act of sabotage.[10] As of 19 November 2024, the cause of the fault was being investigated.[12][11]
The Lithuanian Naval Force announced increased surveillance of its waters in response to the damage and would discuss further measures with Lithuania's allies.[10]
On 29 November 2024, the operator Cinia Oy announced that the cable had been completely repaired.[13]
The cable was went offline again on December 25, 2024. The probable cause of the fault is considered to be a cable cut in the Gulf of Finland.[4] The damage was repaired on January 6, 2025. Cinia Oy is demanding the seizure of the vessel Eagle S linked with the incident to secure its claims for compensation.[5]
Landings points
editC-Lion1 has landing points in:
See also
edit- Balticconnector § 2023 damage incident – a natural gas pipeline between Finland and Estonia that was damaged a year earlier
References
edit- ^ "Network projects". www.cinia.fi. Retrieved 19 November 2024.
- ^ "Cinia's C-Lion1 Submarine Cable Has Fully Restored". www.cinia.fi. Retrieved 29 November 2024.
- ^ a b "Sabotage suspected after Baltic Sea telecoms cable C-Lion1 suddenly stops working". Sky News. Retrieved 2024-11-19.
- ^ a b "Fault Detected in Cinia C-Lion1 Submarine Cable". www.cinia.fi. Cinia Oy. Retrieved 26 December 2024.
- ^ a b "C-Lion1 Submarine Cable Fully Restored". www.cinia.fi. Cinia Oy. Retrieved 7 January 2025.
- ^ Greif, Björn (2016-01-12). "Neues Unterseekabel verbindet Deutschland und Finnland" [New submarine cable connects Germany and Finland]. ZDNet.de (in German). Retrieved 2019-04-23.
- ^ Haaramo, Eeva. "Helsinki to Frankfurt in 20 milliseconds: The Baltic cable that's breaking data speed records". ZDNet. Retrieved 2019-04-23.
- ^ "Submarine Data Cable to Link Germany and Finland". eco. Retrieved 2019-04-23.
- ^ "Cinia, C-Fiber Hanko team for extension of C-Lion-1 submarine network". www.lightwaveonline.com. 22 December 2016. Retrieved 2019-04-23.
- ^ a b c Bryant, Miranda (2024-11-19). "We assume damage to Baltic Sea cables was sabotage, German minister says". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2024-11-19.
- ^ a b "Germany suspects sabotage behind severed undersea cables". BBC. 19 November 2024. Retrieved 19 November 2024.
- ^ "A fault in the Cinia C-Lion1 submarine cable between Finland and Germany". www.cinia.fi. 18 November 2024. Retrieved 2024-11-18.
- ^ "Sabotage-Verdacht: Ostsee-Datenkabel repariert". tagesschau.de (in German). Retrieved 2024-11-29.
External links
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