Buzuluk (Russian: Бузулу́к) is a town in Orenburg Region, Russia, located on the Samara, Buzuluk, and Domashka Rivers, 246 kilometers (153 mi) northwest of Orenburg and 170 kilometers (110 mi) southeast of Samara. Population: 82,904 (2010 Census);[3] 87,286 (2002 Census);[10] 83,994 (1989 Soviet census) .[11]
Buzuluk
Бузулук | |
|---|---|
.jpg) | |
.png) Flag  Coat of arms | |
Location of Buzuluk  | |
  Buzuluk Location of Buzuluk  Buzuluk Buzuluk (Orenburg Oblast) | |
| Coordinates: 52°47′N 52°15′E / 52.783°N 52.250°E | |
| Country | Russia |
| Federal subject | Orenburg Oblast[1] |
| Founded | 1736[2] |
| Town status since | 1781 |
| Elevation | 70 m (230 ft) |
| Population | |
| • Total | 82,904 |
| • Estimate (2018)[4] | 86,187 (+4%) |
| • Rank | 199th in 2010 |
| • Subordinated to | Town of Buzuluk[1] |
| • Capital of | Buzuluksky District,[5] Town of Buzuluk[6] |
| • Urban okrug | Buzuluk Urban Okrug[7] |
| • Capital of | Buzuluk Urban Okrug, Buzuluksky Municipal District |
| Time zone | UTC+5 (MSK+2  [8]) |
| Postal code(s)[9] | 461040 |
| OKTMO ID | 53712000001 |
History edit
It was founded in 1736 as the fortress of Buzulukskaya (Бузулу́кская) by a Polish Noble on the Samara River near the mouth of the Buzuluk River along Russia's southern frontier.[2] It was later moved to its current place near the source of the Domashka River. It was granted town status in 1781.[citation needed]
An important development was the opening, in 1877, of the railway line connecting Samara with Orenburg. Buzuluk was a principal stop along the line, and it is from this period that the town's first power station dates, along with its first schools and libraries. Supported by the rail link and other new infrastructure developments, it now became an important rail-terminal for the transportation of wheat. By 1880, it had a population of 16,340.[12] The population almost doubled between the end of the nineteenth century and 1926.
During World War II, in 1941, the command and staff of the newly formed Polish Anders' Army was based in Buzuluk,[13] and in 1942, the First Czechoslovak Independent Field Battalion was based there. Both formations afterwards fought against Nazi Germany.
Economy edit
Economic activity is now focused on the extraction and refining of oil.
Administrative and municipal status edit
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Buzuluk serves as the administrative center of Buzuluksky District,[5] even though it is not a part of it.[6] As an administrative division, it is incorporated separately as the Town of Buzuluk[1]—an administrative unit with the status equal to that of the districts.[citation needed] As a municipal division, the Town of Buzuluk is incorporated as Buzuluk Urban Okrug.[7]
Climate edit
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Record high °C (°F) | 4.7 (40.5) |
5.8 (42.4) |
18.9 (66.0) |
31.3 (88.3) |
36.5 (97.7) |
39.8 (103.6) |
41.6 (106.9) |
40.9 (105.6) |
38.0 (100.4) |
27.0 (80.6) |
19.2 (66.6) |
8.1 (46.6) |
41.6 (106.9) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −8 (18) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
−0.8 (30.6) |
12.8 (55.0) |
22.1 (71.8) |
27.5 (81.5) |
29.0 (84.2) |
27.4 (81.3) |
20.9 (69.6) |
11.2 (52.2) |
0.3 (32.5) |
−5.9 (21.4) |
10.8 (51.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −11.8 (10.8) |
−11.5 (11.3) |
−5.2 (22.6) |
6.9 (44.4) |
15.2 (59.4) |
20.6 (69.1) |
22.3 (72.1) |
20.3 (68.5) |
14.0 (57.2) |
5.9 (42.6) |
−3.2 (26.2) |
−9.5 (14.9) |
5.3 (41.5) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −15.6 (3.9) |
−15.7 (3.7) |
−9.3 (15.3) |
1.7 (35.1) |
8.5 (47.3) |
13.8 (56.8) |
15.6 (60.1) |
13.6 (56.5) |
7.9 (46.2) |
1.6 (34.9) |
−6.1 (21.0) |
−13.1 (8.4) |
0.2 (32.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −43.2 (−45.8) |
−40.1 (−40.2) |
−36.8 (−34.2) |
−26.0 (−14.8) |
−5.7 (21.7) |
−0.7 (30.7) |
4.9 (40.8) |
−0.7 (30.7) |
−5.3 (22.5) |
−19.8 (−3.6) |
−35.7 (−32.3) |
−39.2 (−38.6) |
−43.2 (−45.8) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 29 (1.1) |
22 (0.9) |
25 (1.0) |
28 (1.1) |
30 (1.2) |
36 (1.4) |
41 (1.6) |
29 (1.1) |
27 (1.1) |
34 (1.3) |
33 (1.3) |
31 (1.2) |
365 (14.4) |
| Source: Pogoda i Klimat | |||||||||||||
References edit
Notes edit
- ^ a b c d Law #1370/276-IV-OZ
- ^ a b Энциклопедия Города России. Moscow: Большая Российская Энциклопедия. 2003. p. 60. ISBN 5-7107-7399-9.
- ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ "26. Численность постоянного населения Российской Федерации по муниципальным образованиям на 1 января 2018 года". Federal State Statistics Service. Retrieved January 23, 2019.
- ^ a b Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 53 212», в ред. изменения №278/2015 от 1 января 2016 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 53 212, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
- ^ a b Государственный комитет Российской Федерации по статистике. Комитет Российской Федерации по стандартизации, метрологии и сертификации. №ОК 019-95 1 января 1997 г. «Общероссийский классификатор объектов административно-территориального деления. Код 53 412», в ред. изменения №278/2015 от 1 января 2016 г.. (State Statistics Committee of the Russian Federation. Committee of the Russian Federation on Standardization, Metrology, and Certification. #OK 019-95 January 1, 1997 Russian Classification of Objects of Administrative Division (OKATO). Code 53 412, as amended by the Amendment #278/2015 of January 1, 2016. ).
- ^ a b Law #2367/495-IV-OZ
- ^ "Об исчислении времени". Официальный интернет-портал правовой информации (in Russian). June 3, 2011. Retrieved January 19, 2019.
- ^ Почта России. Информационно-вычислительный центр ОАСУ РПО. (Russian Post). Поиск объектов почтовой связи (Postal Objects Search) (in Russian)
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
- ^ Słownik geograficzny Królestwa Polskiego i innych krajów słowiańskich, Tom I (in Polish). Warszawa. 1880. p. 485.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Ocaleni z "nieludzkiej ziemi" (in Polish). Łódź: Instytut Pamięci Narodowej. 2012. p. 43. ISBN 978-83-63695-00-2.
Sources edit
- Законодательное Собрание Оренбургской области. Закон №1370/276-IV-ОЗ от 11 июля 2007 г. «Об административно-территориальном устройстве Оренбургской области», в ред. Закона №2826/783-V-ОЗ от 15 декабря 2014 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Оренбургской области "Об административно-территориальном устройстве Оренбургской области"». Вступил в силу после официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Южный Урал", №№134–135 (спецвыпуск №40 с документами Законодательного Собрания Оренбургской области), 21 июля 2007 г. (Legislative Assembly of Orenburg Oblast. Law #1370/276-IV-OZ of July 11, 2007 On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Orenburg Oblast, as amended by the Law #2826/783-V-OZ of December 15, 2014 On Amending the Law of Orenburg Oblast "On the Administrative-Territorial Structure of Orenburg Oblast". Effective as of after the official publication date.).
- Законодательное Собрание Оренбургской области. Закон №2367/495-IV-ОЗ от 15 сентября 2008 г. «Об утверждении перечня муниципальных образований Оренбургской области и населённых пунктов, входящих в их состав», в ред. Закона №3322/917-V-ОЗ от 24 августа 2015 г. «О внесении изменений в Закон Оренбургской области "Об утверждении перечня муниципальных образований Оренбургской области и населённых пунктов, входящих в их состав"». Вступил в силу через 10 дней после официального опубликования. Опубликован: "Бюллетень Законодательного Собрания Оренбургской области", 22 заседание, I часть, 29 августа 2008 г. (Legislative Assembly of Orenburg Oblast. Law #2367/495-IV-OZ of September 15, 2008 On Adopting the Registry of the Municipal Formations of Orenburg Oblast and the Inhabited Localities They Comprise, as amended by the Law #3322/917-V-OZ of August 24, 2015 On Amending the Law of Orenburg Oblast "On Adopting the Registry of the Municipal Formations of Orenburg Oblast and the Inhabited Localities They Comprise". Effective as of after 10 days following the official publication.).
External links edit
- Official website of Buzuluk Archived September 20, 2021, at the Wayback Machine (in Russian)
- Buzuluk Business Directory (in Russian)