The Brahmin dynasty of Sindh (c. 632– 712),[2] also known as the Chacha dynasty,[3] were the Brahmin Hindu ruling family of the Chacha Empire. The Brahmin dynasty were successors of the Rai dynasty. The dynasty ruled on the Indian subcontinent which originated in the region of Sindh, present-day Pakistan. Most of the information about its existence comes from the Chach Nama, a historical account of the Chach-Brahmin dynasty.
Brahmin dynasty of Sindh "Chacha dynasty" | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Capital | Aror | ||||||||
| Common languages | Sanskrit, Sindhi | ||||||||
| Government | Monarchy | ||||||||
| Maharaja | |||||||||
• 632–671 | Chach | ||||||||
• 671–679 | Chandar | ||||||||
• 695–712 | Dahir | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
• Chach founds the empire | 632 CE | ||||||||
• Annexed by the Umayyad Caliphate | 724 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of | |||||||||
After the Chacha Empire's fall in 712, though the empire had ended, its dynasty's members administered parts of Sindh under the Umayyad Caliphate's Caliphal province of Sind.[2] These rulers include Hullishāh and Shishah.[2]
HistoryEdit
The dynasty was founded by a Brahmin named Chach of Alor after he married the widow of Rai Sahasi II, the last ruler of the Rai dynasty[citation needed]. His claim was further secured by the killing of Rai Sahasi II's brother.[2][4]
The rule of Sindh by a Buddhist dynasty raised hope in the Umayyad Caliphate. Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan granted a large army to the governor Al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf, but no attempt was made to annex Sindh due to the caliph's death. Under his son and successor Al-Walid I, the general Muhammad bin Qasim led Islamic invasion against Sindh in 712 where the last Hindu king of Sindh Raja Dahir died while defending his kingdom.[5]
RulersEdit
The known rulers of the Brahmin dynasty are:[2]
Under the Umayyad Caliphate:
- Dahirsiya (r. c. 679 – c. 709– from Brahmanabad)
- Hullishāh (r. c. 712 – c. 724– )
- Shishah (r. 724– )
Sindh. Chach of Alor. Pracandendra. Circa 632-671 CE. AR Damma (11mm, 0.64 g, 2h). Obverse: Crowned head right; swastika to right. Reverse: Large trident
Sindh. Multan. ‘Śri Tapana’. Circa 675-700 CE. AR Damma (12mm, 0.62 g, 8h) Head right; śri in Brahmi on forehead Stylized fire altar surmounted by three pellets; tapan and rja in Brahmi around
._Crowned_head_right;_swastika_to_right_Large_trident.jpg)
_Head_right;_%C5%9Bri_in_Brahmi_on_forehead_Stylized_fire_altar_surmounted_by_three_pellets;_tapan_and_rja_in_Brahmi_around.jpg)
External linksEdit
See alsoEdit
ReferencesEdit
- ^ Schwartzberg, Joseph E. (1978). A Historical Atlas of South Asia. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 146, map XIV.2 (b). ISBN 0226742210.
- ^ a b c d e Wink, André (1991). Al- Hind: The Slave Kings and the Islamic Conquest. Brill. pp. 152–153. ISBN 9004095098.
- ^ Rao, B. S. L. Hanumantha; Rao, K. Basaveswara (1958). Indian History and Culture. Commercial Literature Company. p. 337.
- ^ MacLean, Derryl N. (1989). Religion and Society in Arab Sind. Brill. ISBN 9004085513.
- ^ Burton, Richard (1851). Sindh and the Races that Inhabit the Valley of the Indus. Asian Educational Services. pp. 14–15. ISBN 9788120607583.
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