Biomphalaria pfeifferi is a species of air-breathing freshwater snail, an aquatic animal pulmonate gastropod mollusk in the family Planorbidae, the ram's horn snails.
| Biomphalaria pfeifferi | |
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| Drawing of apical, apertural and umbilical view of the shell of Biomphalaria pfeifferi. | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Gastropoda |
| Subclass: | Heterobranchia |
| Superorder: | Hygrophila |
| Family: | Planorbidae |
| Genus: | Biomphalaria |
| Species: | B. pfeifferi
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| Binomial name | |
| Biomphalaria pfeifferi | |
This snail is a medically important pest,[2] because of transferring the disease schistosomiasis.[3]
Distribution edit
Biomphalaria pfeifferi is an African species. It has recently expanded its native range.[2]
Distribution of Biomphalaria pfeifferi include:
The type locality is Umgani-Valley, Natal, South Africa[1] (in the times of the description it was the British Colony of Natal).
Phylogeny edit
A cladogram showing phylogenic relations of species in the genus Biomphalaria:[5]
| Biomphalaria |
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Mating system edit
B. pfeifferi is hermaphroditic, and genetic analyses performed both at the family and population levels indicate high self-fertilization rates.[6] However, B. pfeifferi exhibits only a low level of inbreeding depression.[6]
Ecology edit
Biomphalaria pfeifferi can survive up to 16 hours in anaerobic water using lactic acid fermentation.[7]
In Kenya, B. pfeifferi is positively associated with the common blue water-lily Nymphaea caerulea (the two species occur together).[3]
Parasites edit
Parasites of Biomphalaria pfeifferi include the following 11 species found in Tanzania:[8]
- Schistosoma mansoni[8][9]
- undescribed clinostomatid[8]
- two species undescribed strigea[8]
- Cercaria porteri[8]
- Cercaria blukwa[8]
- two species of undescribed echinostome[8]
- Cercaria lileta[8]
- Cercaria obscurior[8]
- Cercaria bulla[8]
Control edit
In Kenya, releasing the edible American crayfish Procambarus clarkii as an introduced species has helped eliminate the mollusc, which it feeds on, as well as provided a new source of food and income,[3][10] but may also be impacting the environment by reducing the amount of native aquatic plants.[11]
The seeds of the tree Balanites aegyptiaca have a molluscicide effect on Biomphalaria pfeifferi.[12]
| Substance | Route | LC50 | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Powder of crude kernels of Balanites aegyptiaca | immersion(?) | 60 ppm | [12] |
| Acetone extract of powder of the kernels of Balanites aegyptiaca | immersion(?) | 172,40 ppm | [12] |
| Ethanol extract of the powder of kernels of Balanites aegyptiaca | immersion(?) | 84,15 ppm | [12] |
Ethanolic extract of the fruits of Dalbergia sissoo (family Leguminosae) exhibited molluscicidal effect against eggs of Biomphalaria pfeifferi.[13]
References edit
- ^ a b (in German and Latin) Krauss F. (1848). Die Sudafrikanischen Mollusken. Ebnert & Seubert, Stuttgart, 140 pp, 6 plates. page 83, plate 5, figure 7.
- ^ a b Pointier, J. P.; David, P.; Jarne, P. (2005). "Biological invasions: The case of planorbid snails". Journal of Helminthology. 79 (3): 249–256. doi:10.1079/JOH2005292. PMID 16153319. S2CID 11158571.
- ^ a b c d Hofkin, Bruce V.; Koech, Davy K.; Oumaj, John; Loker, Eric S. (October 1991). "The North American Crayfish Procambarus clarkii and the Biologica Control of Schistosome-Transmitting Snails in Kenya: Laboratory and Field Investigations". Biological Control. 1 (3): 183–187. Bibcode:1991BiolC...1..183H. doi:10.1016/1049-9644(91)90065-8.
- ^ (in French) Sarr A., Kinzelbach R. & Diouf M. (2011, in press). "Diversité spécifique et écologie des mollusques continenatux de la basse vallée du Ferlo (Sénégal). [Specific diversity and ecology of continental molluscs from the Lower Ferlo Valley (Senegal)]". MalaCo 7: 8 pp. PDF Archived 2011-10-02 at the Wayback Machine.
- ^ Dejong, R. J.; Morgan, J. A.; Paraense, W. L.; Pointier, J. P.; Amarista, M.; Ayeh-Kumi, P. F.; Babiker, A.; Barbosa, C. S.; Brémond, P.; Pedro Canese, A.; De Souza, C. P.; Dominguez, C.; File, S.; Gutierrez, A.; Incani, R. N.; Kawano, T.; Kazibwe, F.; Kpikpi, J.; Lwambo, N. J.; Mimpfoundi, R.; Njiokou, F.; Noël Poda, J.; Sene, M.; Velásquez, L. E.; Yong, M.; Adema, C. M.; Hofkin, B. V.; Mkoji, G. M.; Loker, E. S. (2001). "Evolutionary relationships and biogeography of Biomphalaria (Gastropoda: Planorbidae) with implications regarding its role as host of the human bloodfluke, Schistosoma mansoni". Molecular Biology and Evolution. 18 (12): 2225–2239. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.molbev.a003769. PMID 11719572.
- ^ a b Kengne-Fokam AC, Nana-Djeunga HC, Djuikwo-Teukeng FF, Njiokou F. Analysis of mating system, fecundity, hatching and survival rates in two Schistosoma mansoni intermediate hosts (Biomphalaria pfeifferi and Biomphalaria camerunensis) in Cameroon. Parasit Vectors. 2016 Jan 6;9:10. doi: 10.1186/s13071-015-1285-4. PMID: 26739376; PMCID: PMC4702333
- ^ Brand, T. V.; Baernstein, H. D.; Mehlman, B. (1950). "Studies on the anaerobic metabolism and the aerobic carbohydrate consumption of some fresh water snails". The Biological Bulletin. 98 (3): 266–276. doi:10.2307/1538675. JSTOR 1538675. PMID 15420230. PDF
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Loker, E S.; Moyo, H. G.; Gardner, S. L. (1981). "Trematode-gastropod association in nine non-lacustrine habitats in the Mwanza region of Tanzania". Parasitology. 83 (2): 381–399. doi:10.1017/s0031182000085383. S2CID 25795488.
- ^ Ibikounlé, M; Mouahid, G; Mintsa Nguéma, R; Sakiti, NG; Kindé-Gasard, D; Massougbodji, A; Moné, H (December 2012). "Life-history traits indicate local adaptation of the schistosome parasite, Schistosoma mansoni, to its snail host, Biomphalaria pfeifferi". Experimental Parasitology. 132 (4): 501–7. doi:10.1016/j.exppara.2012.09.020. PMID 23031799.
- ^ Madzivanzira, Takudzwa C.; South, Josie; Wood, Louisa E.; Nunes, Ana L.; Weyl, Olaf L. F. (13 August 2020). "A Review of Freshwater Crayfish Introductions in Africa". Reviews in Fisheries Science & Aquaculture. 29 (2): 218–241. doi:10.1080/23308249.2020.1802405. hdl:10019.1/112592. S2CID 225380619. Retrieved 1 April 2021.
- ^ Harper, David Malcolm; Smart, Andrew; Coley, Stephanie; Schmitz, Sophie; Gouder, Anne-Christine; North, Rick; Adams, Chris; Obade, Paul; Kamau, Mbogo (November 2002). "Distribution and Abundance of the Louisiana Red Swamp Crayfish Procambarus clarkii Girard at Lake Naivasha, Kenya, Between 1987 and 1999". Hydrobiologia. 488 (1): 143–151. doi:10.1023/A:1023330614984. S2CID 35987722. Retrieved 1 April 2021.
- ^ a b c d Hamidou T. H., Kabore H., Ouattara O., Ouédraogo S., Guissou I. P. & Sawadogo L. (2002) "Efficacy of Balanites aegyptiaca(L.) DEL Balanitaceae as Anthelminthic and Molluscicid Used by Traditional Healers in Burkina Faso". International Conference on Emerging Infectious Diseases 2002. page 37. PDF
- ^ Adenusi A. A. & Odaibo A. B. (2009). "Effects of varying concentrations of the crude aqueous and ethanolic". African Journal of Traditional, Complementary and Alternative medicines 6(2). abstract, PDF.
Further reading edit
- Nguma, J. F.; McCullough, F. S.; Masha, E. (1982). "Elimination of Biomphalaria pfeifferi, Bulinus tropicus and Lymnaea natalensis by the ampullarid snail, Marisa cornuarietis, in a man-made dam in northern Tanzania". Acta Tropica. 39 (1): 85–90. PMID 6122367.
- Utzinger, J.; Tanner, M. (2000). "Microhabitat preferences of Biomphalaria pfeifferi and Lymnaea natalensis in a natural and a man-made habitat in southeastern Tanzania". Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz. 95 (3): 287–294. doi:10.1590/S0074-02762000000300002. PMID 10800185.
- Wright C. A. (1963). "The freshwater gastropod mollusca of Angola". Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) 10(8): 447–528. 16 plates. page 455.