Thomas William Burgess (15 June 1872 – 2 July 1950) was the second person to successfully complete a swim of the English Channel after Matthew Webb. He performed the feat on 6 September 1911, on his 16th attempt.[1] British by nationality, Burgess spent most of his life in France, and won a bronze medal with the French water polo team at the 1900 Olympics.[2]
 Burgess in 1911 | |
| Personal information | |
|---|---|
| Full name | Thomas William Burgess |
| Born | 15 June 1872 Rotherham, England |
| Died | 2 July 1950 (aged 78) Paris, France |
| Height | 1.85 m (6 ft 1 in) |
| Weight | 95 kg (209 lb) |
| Sport | |
| Sport | Swimming |
| Club | Libellule de Paris |
Medal record | |
In 1926 he coached Gertrude Ederle who became the first woman to swim the English Channel.[3]
Early life and education edit
Burgess was born at 7 Lyndhurst Place, Rotherham, to Alfred Burgess, a blacksmith from Youlgreave, Derbyshire, and Camilla Anna Peat, a cook from Harthill, South Yorkshire.[2] He had a younger sister, Winifred Edith Burgess, who was born in Rotherham on 11 May 1875.[4] Their father worked for the Earl of Shrewsbury and accepted the Earl's offer to run a branch of the business, Shrewsbury and Challinor Rubber Company, in London. The family moved to Westminster, London, around 1882.[2] During this time, Burgess joined a swimming club and swam to Battersea along the Thames.
Career edit
Around 1889 the 20th Earl of Shrewsbury offered Burgess the opportunity to set up a French branch of the Shrewsbury and Challinor Rubber Company motor tyre business in Paris. Burgess accepted and moved to France, where he spent the rest of his life.[2]
On 8 August 1893 Burgess married Anne Rosalie Mioux, a French woman, in Neuilly-Sur-Seine in Paris, and lived with her, running a motor business in Levallois-Perret. They had two children, a son born in 1896 and a daughter born in Paris in 1907. It is believed that the son fought for the British in World War I with the York and Lancaster Regiment. Burgess' maternal uncle was a head teacher at a school in Swinton, South Yorkshire. Burgess' sister married in London and her daughter, Phyllis Camilla Ruegg, became the head of an Educational college in London and died at the age of 98 in Camden 1996.[citation needed]
1900 Olympic Games edit
Burgess competed in swimming and water polo at the 1900 Olympics held in Paris and won a bronze medal playing for the French team despite his British nationality, which was allowed by the rules at that time. In swimming, he finished fourth in the 4000m freestyle and fifth in the 200m backstroke events.[2]
Cross Channel swim edit
On 6 September 1911, on his 16th attempt, Burgess became the second person to swim across the English Channel,[1][2] and the first one to use goggles. His motorcycle goggles leaked water, but they protected his eyes from water splashes during his breaststroke-only swim.[5]
King George V wrote:"I am commanded to convey to you the hearty congratulations of the King upon your determination and endurance in accomplishing the wonderful feat of swimming the Channel today." [6]
Burgess replied: "Your majesty's gracious message has touched me deeply. Its receipt has given me more pleasure than the accomplishment of the feat itself. I am proud to be an Englishman and your subject.."[6]
Gertrude Ederle edit
In the 1920s Burgess was hired by the Olympian gold medalist and world record holder Gertrude Ederle, who in 1926, under his guidance, became the first woman to cross the English Channel.[7] Around the same time Burgess bought a summer home at Cap Gris Nez near Calais, as a summer base to train channel swimmers from 1922 to 1934, while his main residence was at Clichy, Paris.
World War 2 edit
In 1941 Burgess was taken prisoner by the Nazis and held in a prison camp Frontstalag 142 in Besançon, France. He was released later the same year.[8]
See also edit
References edit
- ^ a b Staff. "The Channel Swim: Burgess's Perseverance Rewarded After Fifteen failures", Poverty Bay Herald, Volume XXXVIII, Issue 12581, 11 October 1911, Page 8. Accessed 5 August 2010.
- ^ a b c d e f Evans, Hilary; Gjerde, Arild; Heijmans, Jeroen; Mallon, Bill; et al. "Bill Burgess". Olympics at Sports-Reference.com. Sports Reference LLC. Archived from the original on 18 April 2020.
- ^ "Bill Burgess". Olympedia. Retrieved 31 December 2020.
- ^ "Thomas William Burgess". rotherhamweb.co.uk. Archived from the original on 24 September 2015. Retrieved 11 August 2009.
- ^ "The history of goggles" (PDF). ISHOF.org. International Swimming Hall of Fame. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 18 December 2015.
- ^ a b The Advertiser, Adelaide, Saturday 14 October 1911
- ^ Gallico, Paul (19 January 1964). "First Queen of Channel Swimmers". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 12 August 2009.
- ^ "Burgess Family". Retrieved 11 August 2009.
