Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church (Bethel AME Church) is a historic African American church founded in 1852 and is located in the Fillmore District in San Francisco, California.[1][2][3] It was one of the earliest African American churches in the west.[4] The church occupied several spaces in San Francisco over the course of its history, as well as gone by various names.
| Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church | |
|---|---|
| Bethel A.M.E. Church | |
 | |
 | |
| 37°46′48″N 122°25′36″W / 37.779980°N 122.426651°W | |
| Location | 916 Laguna Street, San Francisco, California, U.S. |
| Country | United States |
| Website | www |
| History | |
| Former name(s) | St. Cyprian's African M. E. Church Second African M. E. Church Union Bethel A.M.E. Church |
| Founded | 1852 |
History edit
Over the years numerous influential people have visited this church to speak with the congregation, including Ida B. Wells, Benjamin W. Arnett, Adam Clayton Powell Sr., Paul Robeson, W. E. B. DuBois, Mary McLeod Bethune, James Weldon Johnson, and Booker T. Washington.[5]
Bethel AME Church was connected to the Grace Episcopal Chapel (formerly Little Grace, and now known as Grace Cathedral, founded c. 1849), as well as the Saint Andrews African Methodist Episcopal Church of Sacramento (founded in 1850).[3] This church is one of three Black churches founded in 1852 in San Francisco, the other two are the Third Baptist Church, and First A.M.E. Zion Church.[4]
Bethel AME Church was founded in 1852 by Rev. Charles Stewart and Edward Gomez, and was then-called St. Cyprian's African Methodist Episcopal Church.[5] The first pastor was Rev. Joseph Thompson was replaced by the more experienced missionary pastor, Rev. Thomas Marcus Decatur Ward from Philadelphia.[5] The early years had Bethel AME Church holding services in numerous locations in the city, including on Jackson Street, Washington Street, and Green Street.[3] In May 1854, the church under Ward's leadership opened up a small school in the basement for African American students who were not allowed to attend public schools in California.[5] The first year, 23 students attended the school.[4] In 1872, the California Supreme Court ruled Ward v. Floor current segregation in educational practices as unconstitutional, breaching U.S. Constitution's 14th and 15th amendments.[6]
The third California State Convention of Colored Citizens (CSCCC) event was held on October 13–?, 1857 at St. Cyprian's African Methodist Episcopal Church in San Francisco, a church led by Rev. Ward.[7][5]
The Little Grace building (formerly used by the Grace Episcopal Chapel) was built at 1207 Powell Street near Jackson; from 1862 until 1894, Bethel AME Church occupied the Little Grace building (and the church was then called Union Bethel A.M.E. Church).[3] In 1868, after Rev. Ward left, many members of this congregation left to form the Pilgrim AME Church under the leadership of Jeremiah Burke Sanderson, a friend of Rev. Ward.[5] Starting in 1894, the Bethel AME Church was rebuilt.
During the 50th anniversary Golden Jubilee in 1901, speakers and guests included Rev. Willam Ford Nichols, Rev. F. Grant Snelson, Mary W. Kincaid, Rev. F. P. R. Green, Rev. Milton D. Buck, Rev. F. D. Bovard, Rev. William Rader, George Littlefield, Rev. Walter M. White, and Rev. Bishop Benjamin W. Arnett (of Ohio).[3]
After the 1906 San Francisco earthquake and fire, the church was destroyed. Many of the congregation had moved to Oakland after the event, and Rev. A. A. Burleigh was pastor.[5] It took many years to start to rebuild again, and the new church building was finished in 1913. Not much was documented between 1906 and 1944.[5]
On January 21, 1945, the church was moved to its present location at 916 Laguna Street and was renamed to Bethel African Methodist Episcopal Church and Rev. C. D. Tolliver was pastor.
The Fellowship Manor Of Bethel AME Church is senior housing associated with the church, and located at 1201 Golden Gate Avenue.[8] The Joseph (E. F.) Photograph Collection at Oakland Public Library holds in their archives an image from 1929 of the church choir.[9]
Pastors edit
- Rev. Joseph Thompson (1852–1852)[5]
- Rev. Thomas Marcus Decatur Ward (c. 1852–1868)[10][11]
- Rev. Obadiah Summers (1891–c. 1894)[12][13][14]
- Rev E. T. Cottonman (1894–?)[15]
- Rev. A. A. Burleigh (1906–?)[5]
- Rev. C. D. Tolliver (1945–1949)
- Rev. C. Wayne Love (1949–?)[16]
- Rev. J. Austell Hall (1968–1972)[5]
- Rev. Howard S. Gloyd (?–1987)[17]
- Rev. Cecil Whitney Howard (1988–?)
- Rev. “J” Edgar Boyd (1992–?)
- Rev. John J. Hunter (2012)[2][18][19][20]
- Rev. Philip R. Cousin, Jr.
- Rev. Dr. Tyrone Hicks
- Rev. Robert Ryland Shaw II (2017–present)
See also edit
References edit
- ^ Harmanci, Reyhan (2012-03-04). "Celebrating Where San Francisco's Black Roots Run Deepest". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2023-01-19.
- ^ a b "Bethel AME Church in San Francisco rejects new pastor from L.A." Los Angeles Times. 2012-11-12. Retrieved 2023-01-19.
- ^ a b c d e "Preparing for a Golden Jubilee". San Francisco Chronicle. 1901-07-14. p. 9. Retrieved 2023-01-19.
- ^ a b c Montesano, Philip M. (1973-07-01). "San Francisco Black Churches in the Early 1860's: Political Pressure Group". California Historical Quarterly. 52 (2): 145–152. doi:10.2307/25157430. ISSN 0097-6059. JSTOR 25157430.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Taylor, Martha C. (2016-06-24). From Labor to Reward: Black Church Beginnings in San Francisco, Oakland, Berkeley, and Richmond, 1849-1972. Wipf and Stock Publishers. pp. 5–6, 11–12. ISBN 978-1-4982-3281-4.
- ^ Campbell, Marne L. (2012-01-01). "African American Women, Wealth Accumulation, and Social Welfare Activism in 19Th-Century Los Angeles". The Journal of African American History. 97 (4): 376–400. doi:10.5323/jafriamerhist.97.4.0376. JSTOR 10.5323/jafriamerhist.97.4.0376. S2CID 149013832.
- ^ Lapp, Rudolph M. (1977-01-01). Blacks in Gold Rush California. Yale University Press. p. 160. ISBN 978-0-300-06545-9.
- ^ National Directory of Retirement Facilities. Oryx Press. 1986. p. 89. ISBN 978-0-89774-161-3.
- ^ "Group portrait of Bethel A.M.E. Church choir, San Francisco, California", E. F. (Emmanuel Francis) Joseph Collection, 1929, retrieved 2023-01-20
- ^ Lapp, Rudolph M. (1977-01-01). Blacks in Gold Rush California. Yale University Press. p. 160. ISBN 978-0-300-06545-9.
- ^ Murphy, Larry G. (2013-11-20). Murphy, Larry G; Melton, J. Gordon; Ward, Gary L (eds.). Encyclopedia of African American Religions. doi:10.4324/9781315047201. ISBN 9781315047201.
- ^ "Rev. Summers' Success". The Sacramento Bee. 1892-04-12. p. 1. Retrieved 2023-01-19.
- ^ "Smiting Hard Blows, Bitter Contention in the Second African M. E. Church". The San Francisco Examiner. 1892-07-30. p. 5. Retrieved 2023-01-19.
- ^ "A Cake-Walk Battle: Society folks oppose exhibition". San Francisco Chronicle. 1892-03-24. p. 5. Retrieved 2023-01-19.
- ^ Coppin, Levi Jenkins (1919). Unwritten History. A. M. E. book concern. pp. 294–295. ISBN 978-1-4662-9302-1.
- ^ Yearbook of American Churches. National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America, Federal Council of the Churches of Christ in America. Round Table Press. 1955. p. 121.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ FBI Oversight and Authorization Request for Fiscal Year 1988: Hearings Before the Subcommittee on Civil and Constitutional Rights of the Committee on the Judiciary, House of Representatives, One Hundredth Congress, First Session ... February 25; March 4 and 20, 1987. United States Congress House Committee on the Judiciary Subcommittee on Civil and Constitutional Rights. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1987.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ "First AME's Former Pastor Says He's Troubled By Church Upheaval". KTLA. 2013-10-20. Retrieved 2023-01-20.
- ^ "Lawsuit: First AME Pastor Pushed For Sex As "God's Will"". LA Weekly. 2009-11-04. Retrieved 2023-01-20.
- ^ "San Francisco Bethel AME Church rejects troubled pastor". The Mercury News. Associated Press. 2012-11-12. Retrieved 2023-01-20.