Alphonse Kann (14 March 1870[1] in Vienna – 1948 in London) was a prominent French art collector of Jewish heritage. He was a childhood playmate and adult friend of the writer Marcel Proust, who incorporated several of Kann's features into the character Charles Swann (in Swann in Love).[2]
Art collector edit
The name Kann, written with double "nn", was said in Paris to be "le plus chic du chic".[2] Known for his discerning taste and shrewd collecting instincts, Kann shocked the art world in 1927 by auctioning off (at the American Art Association, New York City) most of his Old Master collection (including works by Bruegel, Cimabue, Fragonard, Pollaiuolo, Rubens and Tintoretto) in order to concentrate on the acquisition of 19th-century and modern art, which he collected vigorously over the following decade.
Nazi theft edit
Kann left France for England in 1938 without making an inventory of his eclectic art collection, which was kept in a St.-Germain-en-Laye mansion and subsequently looted in October 1940 by Nazi occupiers.[3][4] Included in the plunder were 1,400 paintings, sculptures and art objects, which were first taken to the Louvre and then to the Jeu de Paume. There they were inventoried by the Nazi art looting organization known as the Reichsleiter Rosenberg Taskforce or ERR.[5] Some of the objects were then taken to Germany or Austria. [6] Kann recovered only a small fraction of his large collection before his death in England in 1948. Although he did not live to see a copy, the Nazi inventory of Kann's art collection ran to 60 typed pages.[7] Decades after the war, several paintings from Kann's collection were discovered in prominent European and U.S. museums. "Smoke Over Rooftops," a 1911 painting by Fernand Léger, was returned in October 2008 to Kann's heirs by the Minneapolis Institute of Arts after an eleven-year investigation.[8][9]
In the 1990s, eight antique manuscripts once owned by Kann turned up in the vaults of Wildenstein & Company, still bearing the distinctive Nazi catalog numbers ("KA 879" to "KA 886", in red pencil) likely made by Bruno Lohse[10] as he processed the Kann collection in the Jeu de Paume.[11] The discovery of the missing manuscripts prompted a lawsuit by Kann's heirs against Wildenstein & Company.[4][12]
References edit
- ^ "Alphonse Kann at Ancestry.com". Ancestry.com. Archived from the original on February 4, 2009. Retrieved 2008-08-09.
- ^ a b Feliciano, Hector. The Lost Museum: The Nazi Conspiracy to Steal the World's Greatest Art, Basic Books, 1997, p. 111. ISBN 0-465-04194-9
- ^ Riding, Alan (1996-03-26). "Göring, Rembrandt and the Little Black Book". New York Times. Retrieved 2008-08-09.
- ^ a b Riding, Alan (1997-09-03). "Collector's Family Tries to Illuminate the Past of Manuscripts in France". New York Times. Retrieved 2008-08-09.
- ^ "Cultural Plunder by the Einsatzstab Reichsleiter Rosenberg: Database of Art Objects at the Jeu de Paume".
- ^ "Sammlung Alphonse Kann | Proveana". www.proveana.de. Retrieved 2023-02-10.
- ^ "Museum returns Leger painting found to be Nazi loot". Auction Central News. Associated Press. 2008-11-01. Retrieved 2008-12-14. [dead link]
- ^ Combs, Marianne (2008-10-30). "MIA returns painting stolen by Nazis". Minnesota Public Radio. Retrieved 2008-12-14.
- ^ "Museum returns painting found to be Nazi loot". NBC News. 31 October 2008. Retrieved 2023-02-10.
Investigators established that after Kann fled Paris, the Nazis confiscated the bulk of his collection, a trove so extensive that the Nazis' inventory of it ran to 60 typed pages. A Paris art dealer, Galerie Leiris, bought the Leger at an auction in 1942 and later sold it to Buchholz Gallery
- ^ Feliciano, Hector. The Lost Museum: The Nazi Conspiracy to Steal the World's Greatest Art, Basic Books, 1997, p. 110. ISBN 0-465-04194-9
- ^ Feliciano, Hector. The Lost Museum: The Nazi Conspiracy to Steal the World's Greatest Art, Basic Books, 1997, p. 188, pp. 185-189 inclusive. ISBN 0-465-04194-9
- ^ "Warin v Wildenstein & Co., Inc". Justia Law. Archived from the original on 2021-06-16. Retrieved 2021-06-16.
Plaintiffs Frances Warin, individually and En Memoire D'Alphonse Kann, an unincorporated association of plaintiff Warin's relatives, as successors-in-interest to Alphonse Kann, seek to recover from the defendants eight rare illuminated manuscripts which plaintiffs claim were stolen by the Nazis from Mr. Kann's residence at 7 rue des B cherons in Saint Germaine-en-Laye, a small town on the outskirts of Paris, in October 1940, and which plaintiffs claim are now wrongfully in the possession of the defendants Wildenstein & Co., Inc., a New York corporation, Daniel Wildenstein, Alec Wildenstein and Guy Wildenstein.