Adriano Dayot Hernández (Tagalog: [daˈjot eɾˈnandes]; born Adriano Hernández y Dayot; September 8, 1870 – February 16, 1925) was a Filipino revolutionary, patriot, and military strategist during the Philippine Revolution and the Philippine–American War.
Adriano Hernández y Dayot | |
|---|---|
 Hernández in c. 1916 | |
| 6th Director of Agriculture | |
| In office 1916–1925 | |
| Preceded by | Harry T. Edwards |
| Succeeded by | Stanton Youngberg |
| 5th Governor of Iloilo | |
| In office 1912–1914 | |
| Preceded by | Ruperto Montinola |
| Succeeded by | Amado Avanceña |
| Member of the Philippine Assembly from Iloilo's 4th district | |
| In office 1907–1909 | |
| Preceded by | Position established |
| Succeeded by | Espiridion Guanco |
| Member of the Malolos Congress from Iloilo | |
| In office September 15, 1898 – November 13, 1899 Serving with Esteban de la Rama, Melecio Figueroa, Venancio Concepcion and Tiburcio Hilario | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Adriano Hernández y Dayot September 8, 1870 Dingle, Iloilo, Captaincy General of the Philippines, Spanish Empire |
| Died | February 16, 1925 (aged 54) Manila, Philippine Islands |
| Resting place | Mausoleo de los Veteranos de la Revolución |
| Political party | Nacionalista |
| Spouse | Carmen Gavira y Mapa |
| Children |
|
| Parent(s) | Fernando Hernández (father) Lucía Dayot (mother) |
| Education | Ateneo Municipal de Manila |
| Occupation | Revolutionary, patriot, military strategist, farmer |
Early life edit
Hernández was born on September 8, 1870, to Fernando Hernández and Lucía Dayot, a member of the principalía class of Dingle, Iloilo. His maternal grandfather, Juan Marcelino Dayot, and uncle, Luís Cantalicio Dayot, were gobernadorcillos of Dingle. He was a Spanish mestizo who studied at the Escuela Católica de Dingle (Dingle Catholic School) and later at the Ateneo Municipal in Manila.[1] His elder brother, Gen. Julio D. Hernández, later became the Secretary of War of the Federal State of the Visayas during the revolutionary period. His two younger siblings were Consuelo and Pilar.[2] He was fully engaged in agriculture from 1890 until October 1898 when the revolution broke out.[3]
Military career edit
During the Philippine Revolution, Hernández organized a revolutionary movement in Iloilo against the Spanish colonial authorities and then from 1898, against the United States. He was the leader, along with his older brother Julio D. Hernández, his first cousin and aide-de-camp Estefano D. Muyco, Nicolas Roces, and Francisco Jalandoni, of the Cry of Lincud which occurred on October 28, 1898, at Barrio Lincud in Dingle. This event is known today as the first armed uprising for independence in the province of Iloilo. He then became an aide to General Martín Delgado because of his knowledge in military strategy.[4] He was designated Chief of Staff of the revolutionary government in the Visayas in November 1898 and represented the province of Iloilo at the Malolos Congress. During the Philippine–American War, Hernández led the guerrilla movement in the province until he surrendered in 1901.
Post-war life edit
Hernández declined to hold public office under the Americans in 1901. After the revolution ended with his properties destroyed, he emigrated with his family to Negros Occidental where he managed the Compañía General de Tabacos de Filipinas for seven years.[3] He was the premier town councilor of Silay, Negros Occidental from 1904 to 1906.[3] In 1907, he became a member of the first Philippine Assembly, the first nationally elected legislative body in the Philippines which was the lower house of the Philippine Legislature of the American colonial Insular Government as a member of the Nacionalista Party for Iloilo's 4th legislative district. In 1912, he was elected as the fifth governor of Iloilo. A practicing farmer, Hernández became the first Filipino director of the Bureau of Agriculture in 1916, which had been headed by Americans colonial officials before his tenure.[5] This was part of the Filipinization policy of the American colonial government, following the Jones Act of 1916.
Hernández died on February 16, 1925 after his health failed due to relentless work.
Commemoration edit
- Camp General Adriano D. Hernandez in Dingle, Iloilo is named in his honor.[6] It serves as headquarters of the 301st Infantry Brigade of the 3rd Infantry Division of the Philippine Army.
- The Cry of Lincud Heroes memorial in Dingle, Iloilo was erected in his honor on the site of the initial uprising.
- The Gen. Adriano Dayot Hernandez monument is a bronze monument located in the Dingle town plaza erected in his honor.
Personal life edit
Hernández married Carmen Gavira y Mapa and had six children with her: Lucía, Fernando, Alfonso, José, Ramona, and Guillermo. Lucía later married Ángel Manzano of Teverga, Spain while Fernando became Presiding Justice of the Court of Appeals. Alfonso, who was involved with the Bureau of Plant Industry, married Macandita Estrella Dayot, his father's first cousin. José, a national poet and writer in Spanish, was the 1927 Premio Zóbel awardee for his poem Lo que vimos en Joló y en Zamboanga. Ramona married Alejandro Legarda, Sr. The couple owned one of the first Art Deco houses in Manila built in 1937. Another son, Guillermo, was a Spanish, English, and Filipino sportscaster and sports editor. Hernández also had another daughter, Dolores Hernández y Dairo, who became a town councilor of Dingle.[7]
Ancestry edit
| Ancestors of Adriano Hernández[8] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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References edit
- ^ Quirino, Carlos (1995). Who's who in Philippine History. Tahanan Books.
- ^ Sonza, Demetrio P. (2001). Adriano Hernandez: A Hero in War and in Peace. Local History and Biography Foundation.
- ^ a b c Reyes, P. (1908). Directorio biográfico filipino, contiene las biografías de la intelectualidad Filipina, magistrados de la Corte suprema y jueces de primera instancia, miembros de la legislatura, altos funcionarios públicos y distinguidos, abogados y médicos Filipinos [Filipino biographical directory, containing biographies of Filipino intellectuals, Supreme Court justices and trial judges, members of the legislature, senior public officials and distinguished Filipino lawyers and doctors.] (in Spanish) (3rd ed.). Manila: Manila,: Imp. y litografía "Germania". pp. 23–24.
- ^ Marin, Bombette G. (October 19, 2011). "Pagdihon Festival in Dingle". Iloilo News Today. Archived from the original on July 30, 2013. Retrieved November 21, 2012.
- ^ "History, Department of Agriculture". Archived from the original on December 28, 2012. Retrieved November 21, 2012.
- ^ "47th Infantry Battalion prepares for redeployment to Southern Negros". Balita.ph. November 8, 2010. Retrieved November 21, 2012.
- ^ Dayot, Ernesto J. (August 28, 2014). "Dingle—Hometown of Generals". The Visayan Tribune.
- ^ Sonza, Demetrio P. (2001). Adriano Hernandez: A Hero in War and in Peace. Local History and Biography Foundation.