Aldehyde dehydrogenase 5 family, member A1

Succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALDH5A1 gene.

ALDH5A1
Available structures PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB List of PDB id codes 2W8N, 2W8O, 2W8P, 2W8Q, 2W8R
Identifiers
Aliases	ALDH5A1, SSADH, SSDH, Aldehyde dehydrogenase 5 family, member A1, aldehyde dehydrogenase 5 family member A1
External IDs	OMIM: 610045 MGI: 2441982 HomoloGene: 840 GeneCards: ALDH5A1
Gene location (Human) Chr. Chromosome 6 (human) Band 6p22.3 Start 24,494,867 bp End 24,537,207 bp
Gene location (Mouse) Chr. Chromosome 13 (mouse) Band 13 A3.1|13 10.77 cM Start 25,091,562 bp End 25,121,644 bp
RNA expression pattern Bgee Human Mouse (ortholog) Top expressed in vastus lateralis muscle liver frontal pole postcentral gyrus Brodmann area 10 nucleus accumbens superior frontal gyrus Region I of hippocampus proper right lobe of liver entorhinal cortex Top expressed in dorsal tegmental nucleus superior colliculus medial vestibular nucleus globus pallidus habenula lateral hypothalamus paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus ventral tegmental area nucleus accumbens suprachiasmatic nucleus More reference expression data BioGPS More reference expression data
Gene ontology Molecular function protein homodimerization activity oxidoreductase activity succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (NAD+) activity succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase [NAD(P)+ activity] NAD binding oxidoreductase activity, acting on the aldehyde or oxo group of donors, NAD or NADP as acceptor Cellular component mitochondrial matrix mitochondrion Biological process gamma-aminobutyric acid catabolic process galactosylceramide metabolic process glutathione metabolic process gamma-aminobutyric acid metabolic process post-embryonic development short-chain fatty acid metabolic process neurotransmitter catabolic process glucosylceramide metabolic process succinate metabolic process central nervous system development glutamine metabolic process glucose metabolic process glutamate metabolic process glycerophospholipid metabolic process metabolism respiratory electron transport chain protein homotetramerization acetate metabolic process glutamate decarboxylation to succinate Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs Species Human Mouse Entrez 7915 214579 Ensembl ENSG00000112294 ENSMUSG00000035936 UniProt P51649 Q8BWF0 RefSeq (mRNA) NM_170740 NM_001080 NM_001368954 NM_172532 RefSeq (protein) NP_001071 NP_733936 NP_001355883 NP_766120 Location (UCSC) Chr 6: 24.49 – 24.54 Mb Chr 13: 25.09 – 25.12 Mb PubMed search
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

Function

This protein belongs to the aldehyde dehydrogenase family of proteins. This gene encodes a mitochondrial NAD⁺-dependent succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase. A deficiency of this enzyme, known as 4-hydroxybutyricaciduria, is a rare inborn error in the metabolism of the neurotransmitter γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). In response to the defect, physiologic fluids from patients accumulate GHB, a compound with numerous neuromodulatory properties. Two transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified for this gene.

External links

• Human ALDH5A1 genome location and ALDH5A1 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser.
• Overview of all the structural information available in the PDB for UniProt: P51649 (Succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase, mitochondrial) at the PDBe-KB.

Further reading

• Hearl WG, Churchich JE (Sep 1984). "Interactions between 4-aminobutyrate aminotransferase and succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase, two mitochondrial enzymes". The Journal of Biological Chemistry. 259 (18): 11459–63. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(18)90883-5. PMID 6470007.
• Chambliss KL, Hinson DD, Trettel F, Malaspina P, Novelletto A, Jakobs C, Gibson KM (Aug 1998). "Two exon-skipping mutations as the molecular basis of succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency (4-hydroxybutyric aciduria)". American Journal of Human Genetics. 63 (2): 399–408. doi:10.1086/301964. PMC 1377305. PMID 9683595.
• Hogema BM, Akaboshi S, Taylor M, Salomons GS, Jakobs C, Schutgens RB, Wilcken B, Worthington S, Maropoulos G, Grompe M, Gibson KM (Mar 2001). "Prenatal diagnosis of succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency: increased accuracy employing DNA, enzyme, and metabolite analyses". Molecular Genetics and Metabolism. 72 (3): 218–22. doi:10.1006/mgme.2000.3145. PMID 11243727.
• Aoshima T, Kajita M, Sekido Y, Ishiguro Y, Tsuge I, Kimura M, Yamaguchi S, Watanabe K, Shimokata K, Niwa T (2002). "Mutation analysis in a patient with succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency: a compound heterozygote with 103-121del and 1460T > A of the ALDH5A1 gene". Human Heredity. 53 (1): 42–4. doi:10.1159/000048603. PMID 11901270. S2CID 25065695.
• Blasi P, Boyl PP, Ledda M, Novelletto A, Gibson KM, Jakobs C, Hogema B, Akaboshi S, Loreni F, Malaspina P (Aug 2002). "Structure of human succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase gene: identification of promoter region and alternatively processed isoforms". Molecular Genetics and Metabolism. 76 (4): 348–62. doi:10.1016/S1096-7192(02)00105-1. PMID 12208142.
• Novikov VD, Valova TA, Iasakova NT, Belan IB (2003). "[Morphological and functional characteristics of lymphocytes of mothers of children with Down syndrome]". Morfologii͡A. 118 (4): 74–80. PMID 12629812.
• Akaboshi S, Hogema BM, Novelletto A, Malaspina P, Salomons GS, Maropoulos GD, Jakobs C, Grompe M, Gibson KM (Dec 2003). "Mutational spectrum of the succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH5A1) gene and functional analysis of 27 novel disease-causing mutations in patients with SSADH deficiency". Human Mutation. 22 (6): 442–50. doi:10.1002/humu.10288. hdl:2108/48106. PMID 14635103. S2CID 20057400.
• Plomin R, Turic DM, Hill L, Turic DE, Stephens M, Williams J, Owen MJ, O'Donovan MC (Jun 2004). "A functional polymorphism in the succinate-semialdehyde dehydrogenase (aldehyde dehydrogenase 5 family, member A1) gene is associated with cognitive ability". Molecular Psychiatry. 9 (6): 582–6. doi:10.1038/sj.mp.4001441. PMID 14981524.
• Kang JH, Park YB, Huh TL, Lee WH, Choi MS, Kwon OS (Nov 2005). "High-level expression and characterization of the recombinant enzyme, and tissue distribution of human succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase". Protein Expression and Purification. 44 (1): 16–22. doi:10.1016/j.pep.2005.03.019. PMID 16199352.
• Blasi P, Palmerio F, Aiello A, Rocchi M, Malaspina P, Novelletto A (Jul 2006). "SSADH variation in primates: intra- and interspecific data on a gene with a potential role in human cognitive functions" (PDF). Journal of Molecular Evolution. 63 (1): 54–68. Bibcode:2006JMolE..63...54B. doi:10.1007/s00239-005-0154-8. hdl:2108/32560. PMID 16786440. S2CID 6067628.
• Knerr I, Pearl PL, Bottiglieri T, Snead OC, Jakobs C, Gibson KM (Jun 2007). "Therapeutic concepts in succinate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (SSADH; ALDH5a1) deficiency (gamma-hydroxybutyric aciduria). Hypotheses evolved from 25 years of patient evaluation, studies in Aldh5a1-/- mice and characterization of gamma-hydroxybutyric acid pharmacology". Journal of Inherited Metabolic Disease. 30 (3): 279–94. doi:10.1007/s10545-007-0574-2. PMID 17457693. S2CID 20004337.