Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2000.

List of years in paleontology (table)
In paleobotany
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
In arthropod paleontology
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
In paleoentomology
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
In paleomalacology
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
In reptile paleontology
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
In archosaur paleontology
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
In mammal paleontology
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
In paleoichthyology
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003

Plants edit

Angiosperms edit

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Chaneya[2]

Gen et 2 comb nov

Valid

Wang & Manchester

Late Eocene

Florissant Formation

  USA

A genus of uncertain affiliation
Includes Porana tenuis (1908) & P. kokangensis (1939)

 
Chaneya tenuis

Arthropods edit

Arachnids edit

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Baltocteniza[3]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Eskov & Zonstein

Early Eocene (Miocene)

Baltic amber

  Europe

The type and only species is Baltocteniza kulickae

Electrocteniza[3]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Eskov & Zonstein

Early Eocene (Miocene)

Baltic amber

  Europe

The type and only species is Electrocteniza sadilenkoi

Crustaceans edit

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Tillocheles kaoriae[4]

Sp nov

Valid

Yokoi & Karasawa

Cenomanian-Turonian

Yezo Group

  Japan

A stenochirid

Insects edit

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Makarkiniidae[5]

Fam nov

jr synonym

Martins-Neto

Aptian

Crato Formation

  Brazil

A lacewing family, syn of Kalligrammatidae

Neurosymploca? oligocenica

Sp nov

valid

Fernández-Rubio & Nel

Rupelian

Paleolake Céreste

  France

A moth, possibly a species of Neurosymploca

 
Neurosymploca oligocenica

Molluscs edit

Bivalves edit

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Camyidae[6]

fam nov

valid

Hinz-Schallreuter

Early Cambrian

Bornholm

  Denmark

type and only genus Camya

Fishes edit

Newly named placoderms edit

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Aleosteus[7]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Johnson, Elliott, & Wittke

Lower Devonian

Sevy Dolomite Formation, Nevada

  USA

The type species is Aleosteus eganensis.

Newly named cartilaginous fish edit

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Debeerius[8]

Gen et sp nov

Valid

Grogan & Lund

Carboniferous (late Chesterian)

Heath Formation

  USA
(  Montana)

An early cartilaginous fish with an anatomy intermediate to the chimaeroid and selachian plans. The type species is D. ellefseni.

Amphibians edit

Name Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Avitabatrachus[9]

Valid

  • Baez
  • Trueb
  • Calvo

Middle Cretaceous

Candeleros Formation

  Argentina

The type species is Avitabatrachus uliana.

Banksiops[10]

Valid

  • Warren
  • Mariscano

A replacement genus for Banksia Warren & Mariscano, 1998 preoccupied for arachnid Banksia Voigt & Oudermans, 1905.

Jeholotriton[11]

Valid

  • Wang

Early Cretaceous

Daohugou Bed Formation

  China

The type species is Jeholotriton paradoxus.

Rileymillerus[12]

Valid

  • Bolt
  • Chatterjee

Upper Triassic

Cooper Canyon Formation

  USA

The type species is Rileymillerus cosgriffi.

Ichthyosaurs edit

Name Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Aegirosaurus[13]

Valid

  • Bardet
  • Fernández

Upper Jurassic

  Germany

The type species is Aegirosaurus leptospondylus.

Callawayia[14]

Valid

  • Maisch
  • Matzke

Upper Triassic

Pardonet Formation

  Canada

A new genus for "Shastasaurus" neoscapularis.

Guizhouichthyosaurus[15]

Valid

  • Cao
  • Luo

Upper Triassic

Falang Formation

  China

The type species is Guizhouichthyosaurus tangae.

Phantomosaurus[14]

Valid

  • Maisch
  • Matzke

Middle Triassic

Upper Muschelkalk Formation

  Germany

A new genus for "Shastasaurus" neubigi.

Archosauromorphs edit

Newly named crurotarsans edit

Name Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Adzhosuchus[16]

Valid

  • Efimov
  • Gubin
  • Kurzanov

Late Jurassic

Shar Teg Beds

  Mongolia

A basal crocodylomorph. The type species is Adzhosuchus fuscus.

Kyasuchus[17]

Valid

  • Efimov
  • Leshchinskiy

Early Cretaceous

Ilek Formation

  Russia

A basal crocodilomorph. The type species is Kyasuchus saevi.

Simosuchus[18]

Valid

  • Buckley
  • Brochu
  • Krause
  • Pol

Late Cretaceous

Maevarano Formation

  Madagascar

A notosuchian. The type species is Simosuchus clarki.

Stolokrosuchus[19]

Valid

  • Larrson
  • Gabo

Early Cretaceous

El Rhaz Formation

  Niger

A neosuchian. The type species is Stolokrosuchus lapparenti.

Newly named dinosaurs edit

Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.[20]

Name Status Authors Discovery year Age Unit Location Notes Images

Bambiraptor[21]

Valid

Two Medicine Formation

  USA

A very bird-like two foot long dromaeosaurid. May be a juvenile Saurornitholestes.

 
Bambiraptor
 
Charonosaurus
 
Fukuiraptor
 
Graciliceratops
 
Microraptor
 
Nanyangosaurus
 
Nomingia
 
Pyroraptor
 
Sauroposeidon

Byronosaurus[22]

Valid

Djadochta Formation

  Mongolia

A five foot long troodontid. Mysteriously, skulls of extremely small juveniles have been recovered from an oviraptorosaur nest. This may be evidence of brood parasitism or predator-prey relationships between the two species.

Caudipteryx dongi [23]

Valid

Early Cretaceous

Lower Yixian Formation

  China

A caudipterygid oviraptorosaur

Charonosaurus[24]

Valid

  • Godefroit
  • Zan
  • Jin L.

Yuliangze Formation

  China

A 13 m (42.5 ft) long Parasaurolophus-like lambeosaur.

Chuanjiesaurus[25]

Valid

Chuanjie Formation

  China

A mamenchisaurid.

Fukuiraptor[26]

Valid

Kitadani Formation

  Japan

A neovenatorid known only from juvenile specimens.

"Ginnareemimus"

Nomen nudum

  • Kaneko

Sao Khua Formation

  Thailand

Formally named Kinnareemimus in 2009 in paleontology.

Glyptodontopelta[27]

Valid

  • Ford

Ojo Alamo Sandstone

  USA

Named after the armored mammal Glyptodon.

Graciliceratops[28]

Valid

Sheeregeen Gashoon Formation

  Mongolia

Primitive ceratopsian. Only a partial skeleton has been found.

Huabeisaurus[29]

Valid

  • Pang
  • Cheng Z.

Huiquanpu Formation

  China

Opisthocoelicaudia-like titanosaurid.

"Iguanoides"

Nomen nudum; synonym of Iguanodon

Conybeare vide:

  • Cadbury

Junior synonym of Iguanodon.

Ilokelesia[30]

Valid

Rio Limay Formation

  Argentina

A primitive abelisaur who name is derived from "flesh lizard" in Mapuche.

Isanosaurus[31]

Valid

Nam Phong Formation

  Thailand

A small, 6.5 metres (21 ft) long sauropod.

Jeholosaurus[32]

Valid

Yixian Formation

  China

A 71.1 centimetres (28.0 in) long hypsilophodont.

Microraptor[33]

Valid

Jiufotang Formation

A tiny "four-winged" dromaeosaurid.

Nanyangosaurus[34]

Valid

Sangping Formation

  China

A hadrosauroid.

Nomingia[35]

Valid

Beds of Bugeen Tsav

  Mongolia

The first non-avian dinosaur known to have a pygostyle at the end of its tail. In life this structure probably supported a fan of feathers.

Nqwebasaurus[36]

Valid

Kirkwood Formation

  South Africa

The earliest known coelurosaur from Gondwana, the type specimen was a three foot long juvenile with preserved gastroliths in its stomach.

"Ponerosteus"[37]

Nomen dubium; possibly non-dinosaurian

  • George Olshevsky,

A dubious taxon whose name means "useless bone" to reflect the low quality of the material, which had fueled taxonomic confusion.

Pyroraptor[38]

Valid

Grès à Reptiles

  France

A dromaeosaurid known from a single specimen.

Rocasaurus[39]

Valid

  • Salgado
  • Azpilicueta

Allen Formation

  Argentina

A small, 8 meter long titanosaur.

"Saltriosaurus"

Nomen nudum

  • Dal Sasso

An Allosaurus-like theropod estimated to be 8 meters (26 ft) long. Only ten percent of its skeleton is known.

Sauroposeidon[40]

Valid

  • Wedel
  • Cifelli
  • Sanders

Antlers Formation

  USA

A gigantic brachiosaur with an estimated length of up to 34 m (112 ft) and a mass of 50–60 t (55–66 short tons). It is known from four neck vertebrae.

Tendaguria[41]

Valid

Tendaguru Formation

  Tanzania

A 20 meters (66 ft) long sauropod.

Newly named birds edit

Name Novelty Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Alca stewarti [42]

Valid

Sp. nov.

James W. R. Martin

Cyril A. Walker

Richard H. C. Bonser

Gareth J. Dyke

Early Pliocene

Kattendijk Sands Formation

  Belgium:

  East Flanders

An Alcidae.

Ameripodius alexis [43]

Valid

Sp. nov.

Cécile Mourer-Chauviré

Early Miocene

MN 2a

  France

A Quercymegapodiidae Mourer-Chauviré, 1992.

Brachypteracias langrandi [44]

Valid

Sp. nov.

Steven M. Goodman

Holocene

Ampoza

  Madagascar

A Brachypteraciidae.

Cerestenia pulchrapenna [45]

Valid

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Gerald Mayr

Middle Oligocene

MP 23

  France

Possibly a stem Turnicidae, this is the type species of the new genus.

Cygnus verae [46]

Valid

Sp. nov.

Zlatozar N. Boev

Early Pliocene

MN 14, Ruscinian

  Bulgaria

An Anatidae.

Eocoracias brachyptera [47]

Valid

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Gerald Mayr

Cécile Mourer-Chauviré

Middle Eocene

Messel pit,

MP 11

  Germany:

  Hessen

The type species of the new genus, placed in the new family Eocoraciidae G. Mayr et Mourer-Chauviré, 2000.

Fratercula dowi [48]

Valid

Sp. nov.

Daniel A. Guthrie

Howell W. Thomas

George L. Kennedy

Late Pleistocene

Late Rancholabrean,

San Nicolas Island

  USA:

  California

An Alcidae.

Frigidafons babaheydariensis [49]

Valid

Sp. nov.

Dieter S. Peters

Ali Hamedani

Early Oligocene

Rupelian

  Iran

A Diomedeoididae Fischer, 1985, transferred to Diomedeoides Fischer, 1985 by Mayr, Peters & Rietschel, 2002 and to Rupelornis van Beneden, 1871 by Mayr & Smith, 2012.

Gallirallus huiatua [50]

Valid

Sp. nov.

David W. Steadman

Trevor H. Worthy

Atholl J. Anderson

Richard Walter

Holocene

Prehistoric

  Niue

A Rallidae.

Geranopterus milneedwardsi [47]

Valid

Sp. nov.

Gerald Mayr

Cécile Mourer-Chauviré

Eocene or Oligocene

Phosphotites du Quercy,

MP 16-28

  France

A Geranopteridae Mayr & Mourer-Chauviré, 2000.

Jibeinia luanhera [51]

Valid

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Lianhai Hou

Early Cretaceous

Huajiying Formation

  China

An Enantiornithes, described in 1997 but the name was a labelname, so a Nomen Nudum, in 2000 Hou gave a short description in the Picture Book of Chinese Fossil Birds, making the name valid.

Longipteryx chaoyangensis[52]

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Valid

Fucheng Zhang

Zhou Zhonghe

Hou Lianhan

Gu Gang

Early Cretaceous

Jiufotang Formation

  China

An Enantiornithes Walker, 1981. The type species of the new genus.

Megapodius amissus [53]

Valid

Sp. nov.

Trevor H. Worthy

Holocene

Cave deposits, Viti Levu

  Fiji

A Megapodiidae.

Megavitiornis altirostris [53]

Valid

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Trevor H. Worthy

Holocene

Cave deposits,

Viti Levu

  Fiji

A Megapodiidae, the type species of the new genus.

Messelirrisor grandis [54]

Valid

Sp. nov.

Gerald Mayr

Early Middle Eocene

Messel pit

MN 11

  Germany:

  Hessen

An Upupiformes, Laurillardiidae Harrison, 1979.

Nycticorax kalavikai [50]

Valid

Sp. nov.

David W. Steadman

Trevor H. Worthy

Atholl J. Anderson

Richard Walter

Holocene

Prehistoric

  Niue

An Ardeidae.

Oligocolius brevitarsus [55]

Valid

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Gerald Mayr

Middle Oligocene

MP 23-24

  Germany:

  Baden-Württemberg

A stem Coliidae.

Paraortygoides messelensis [56]

Valid

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Gerald Mayr

Middle Eocene

Messel pit,

MP 11

  Germany:

  Hessen

A Gallinuloididae Lucas, 1900.

Phirriculus pinicola [57]

Valid

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Jirí Mlíkovský

Ursula B. Göhlich

Early Miocene

MN 2a and MN 3

  France;

  Germany:

  Bavaria

A Phoeniculidae.

Porzana piercei [58]

Valid

Sp. nov.

Storrs L. Olson

David B. Wingate

Middle Pleistocene

Government Quarry

  Bermuda

A Rallidae.

Potamornis skutchi [59]

Valid

Gen. nov et Sp. nov.

Andrzej Elzanowski

Gregory S. Paul

Thomas A. Stidham

Late Cretaceous

Late Maastrichtian

  USA:

  Wyoming

A Hesperornithiformas.

Protopteryx fengningensis[60]

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Valid

Zhang Fucheng

Zhou Zhonghe

Early Cretaceous

Huajiying Formation

  China

An Enanthornithes. This is the type species of the new genus.

Pulchapollia gracilis [61]

Valid

Gen. nov et Sp. nov.

Gareth J. Dyke

Joanne H. Cooper

Early Eocene

Ypresian, MP 8, London Clay

  UK:

  England

A Psittaciformes, Halcyornithidae Harrison et Walker, 1972, this is the type species of the new genus.

Qiluornis taishanensis [62]

Valid

Gen. nov et Sp. nov.

Lian-Hai Hou

Zhong-He Zhou

Fu-Cheng Zhang

Jun-De Li

Miocene

Shanwang Formation

  China

An Accipitridae, this is the type species of the new genus.

Rallus ibycus [58]

Valid

Sp. nov.

Storrs L. Olson

David B. Wingate

Middle Pleistocene

Government Quarry

  Bermuda

A Rallidae.

Salmila robusta [63]

Valid

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Gerald Mayr

Middle Eocene

Messel pit,

MP 11

  Germany:

  Hessen

A Gruiformes, Salmilidae Mayr, 2002, this is the type species of the new genus.

Serudaptus pohli [64]

Valid

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Gerald Mayr

Middle Eocene

Messel pit,

MP 11

  Germany:

  Hessen

A Psittaciformes, Halcyornithidae Harrison et Walker, 1972, this is the type species of the new genus.

Turnipax dissipata [45]

Valid

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Gerald Mayr

Early-Middle Oligocene

MP 21-25

  France

Possibly a stem Turnicidae, this is the type species of the new genus.

Tynskya eocaena [65]

Valid

Gen. nov. et Sp. nov.

Gerald Mayr

Early Eocene

Green River Formation

MP 8, London Clay

  USA:

  Wyoming;

  UK:

  England

A Messelasturidae Mayr, 2005, this is the type species of the new genus.

Newly named pterosaurs edit

Name Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Domeykodactylus[66]

Valid

  • Martill
  • Frey
  • Diaz
  • Bell

Early Cretaceous

Santa Ana Formation

  Chile

A pterodactyloid. The type species is Domeykodactylus ceciliae.

Anhanguera piscator[67]

Valid

  • Kellner
  • Tomida

Early Cretaceous

Santana Formation

  Brazil

A pterodactyloid. Reclassified in 2006 to the genus Coloborhynchus.[68]

Synapsids edit

Non-mammalian edit

Name Status Authors Age Unit Location Notes Images

Australobarbarus[69]

Valid

  • Kurkin

Upper Permian

Sokolki Faunal Assemblage

  Russia

A dicynodont. Two species are described Australobarbarus kotelnitshi (type) and A. platycephalus.

Charruodon[70]

Valid

  • Abdala
  • Ribeiro

Upper Triassic

Santa Maria Formation

  Brazil

A cynodont. The type species is Charruodon tetracuspidatus.

Chlynovia[71]

Valid

  • Tatarinov

Upper Permian

Sokolki Faunal Assemblage

  Russia

A therocephalian. The type species is Chlynovia serridentatus.

Dadadon[72]

Valid

  • Flynn
  • Parrish
  • Rakotosamimanana
  • Ranivoharimanana
  • Simpson
  • Wyss

Middle-Upper Triassic

Makay Formation

  Madagascar

A eucynodont. The type species is Dadadon isaloi.

Menadon[72]

Valid

  • Flynn
  • Parrish
  • Rakotosamimanana
  • Ranivoharimanana
  • Simpson
  • Wyss

Middle-Upper Triassic

Makay Formation

  Madagascar

A eucynodont. The type species is Menodon besairiei.

Nikkasaurus[73]

Valid

  • Ivakhnenko

Upper Permian

Mezen Faunal Assemblage

  Russia

A nikkasaurid. The type species is Nikkasaurus tatarinovi.

Reiszia[73]

Valid

  • Ivakhnenko

Upper Permian

Mezen Faunal Assemblage

  Russia

A nikkasaurid. Two species are described Reiszia gubini (type) and R. tippula.

Scalopodontes[71]

Valid

  • Tatarinov

Upper Permian

Sokolki Faunal Assemblage

  Russia

A theriocephalian. The type species is Scalopodontes kotelnichi

Suchogorgon[74]

Valid

  • Tatarinov

Upper Permian

Sokolki Faunal Assemblage

  Russia

A gorgonopsid. The type species is Suchogorgon golubevi.

Vivaxosaurus[75]

Valid

  • Kalandadze
  • Kurkin

Upper Permian

Sokolki Faunal Assemblage

  Russia

A dicynodont. The type species is Vivaxosaurus permicus.

See also edit

Footnotes edit

Complete author list edit

As science becomes more collaborative, papers with large numbers of authors are becoming more common. To prevent the deformation of the tables, these footnotes list the contributors to papers that erect new genera and have many authors.

  1. ^ Burnham, Derstler, Phillip Currie, Robert Bakker, Zhou Z., John Ostrom.
  2. ^ Fang, Pang, Lu, Zhang Z., Pan, Wang Y., Li X. K., Cheng Z.
  3. ^ Buffetaut, Suteethorn, Cuny, Tong, Le Loeuff, Khansubha, Jongautchariyakul.
  4. ^ Xu Xing, Zhao X., Lü, Huang W., Li Z., Dong Zhiming.
  5. ^ Rinchen Barsbold, Halszka Osmólska, Watabe, Phillip Currie, Tsogtbaatar.
  6. ^ de Klerk, Forster, Sampson, Chinsamy, Ross.

References edit

  1. ^ Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.
  2. ^ Wang, Y.; Manchester, S. R. (2000). "Chaneya, a new genus of winged fruit from the Tertiary of North America and eastern Asia". International Journal of Plant Sciences. 161 (1): 167–178. doi:10.1086/314227. PMID 10648207. S2CID 45052368.
  3. ^ a b Eskov, K. Y.; Zonstein, S. L. (2000). "The First Ctenizoid Mygalomorph Spiders from Eocene Baltic Amber (Araneida: Mygalomorphae: Ctenizidae)". Paleontological Journal. 34 (suppl. 3): S268–S274. Part 1; Part 2 (PDF).
  4. ^ Yokoi, Takayuki; Karasawa, Hiroaki (January 2000). "Additions to Cretaceous decapod crustaceans from Hokkaido, Japan – Part 2. Chilenophoberidae". Bulletin of the Mizunami Fossil Museum. 27: 191–194.
  5. ^ Bechly, G.; Makarkin, V. N. (2016). "A new gigantic lacewing species (Insecta: Neuroptera) from the Lower Cretaceous of Brazil confirms the occurrence of Kalligrammatidae in the Americas". Cretaceous Research. 58: 135–140. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2015.10.014.
  6. ^ Elicki, O.; Gürsu, S. (2009). "First record of Pojetaia runnegari Jell, 1980 and Fordilla Barrande, 1881 from the Middle East (Taurus Mountains, Turkey) and critical review of Cambrian bivalves" (PDF). Paläontologische Zeitschrift. 83 (2): 267–291. doi:10.1007/s12542-009-0021-9. S2CID 49380913. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-10-29. Retrieved 2012-01-07.
  7. ^ Johnson, H.G.; Elliott, D.K. & Wittke, J.H. (2000). "A new actinolepid arthrodire (Class Placodermi) from the Lower Devonian Sevy Dolomite, East-Central Nevada". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 129 (2): 129–141. doi:10.1006/zjls.1999.0206.
  8. ^ Eileen D. Grogan; Richard Lund (2000). "Debeerius ellefseni (Fam. Nov., Gen. Nov., Spec. Nov.), an autodiastylic chondrichthyan from the Mississippian Bear Gulch Limestone of Montana (USA), the relationships of the chondrichthyes, and comments on gnathostome evolution". Journal of Morphology. 243 (3): 219–245. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1097-4687(200003)243:3<219::AID-JMOR1>3.0.CO;2-1. PMID 10681469. S2CID 21466183.
  9. ^ Baez, A.M.; Trueb, L. & Calvo, J.O. (2000). "The earliest known pioid frog from South America: a new genus from the middle Cretaceous of Argentina". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 20 (3): 490–500. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2000)020[0490:TEKPFF]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 86183634.
  10. ^ Warren, A.A.; Marsicano, C. (2000). "Banksiops, a replacement name for Banksia townrowi (Amphibia, Temnospondyli)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 20 (1): 186. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2000)020[0186:BARNFB]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 86109764.
  11. ^ Wang, Y. (2000). "A new salamander (Amphibia: Caudata) from the Early Cretaceous Jehol Biota". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 38 (2): 100–103. doi:10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.2000.02.003.
  12. ^ Bolt, J.R.; Chatterjee, S. (2000). "A new temnospondyl amphibian from the Late Triassic of Texas". Journal of Paleontology. 74 (4): 670–683. doi:10.1666/0022-3360(2000)074<0670:ANTAFT>2.0.CO;2. S2CID 88676059.
  13. ^ Bardet, N.; Fernández, M. (2000). "A new ichthyosaur from the Upper Jurassic lithographic limestones of Bavaria" (PDF). Journal of Paleontology. 74 (3): 503–511. doi:10.1666/0022-3360(2000)074<0503:ANIFTU>2.0.CO;2. S2CID 131190803.
  14. ^ a b Maisch, M.W.; Matzke, A.T. (2000). "The Ichthyosauria". Stuttgarter Beiträge zur Naturkunde. Serie B (Geologie und Paläontologie) (298): 1–160.
  15. ^ Yin G.; Zhou X.; Cao Z.; Yu Y; Luo Y. (2000). "A preliminary study on the Early Late Triassic marine reptiles from Guanling Guizhou, China". Geology, Geochemistry. 28 (3): 1–22.
  16. ^ Efimov, M.B.; Gubin, Y.M. & Kurzanov, S.M. (2000). "New primitive crocodile (Crocodylomorpha: Shartegosuchidae) from the Jurassic of Mongolia". Paleontological Journal. 34: 238–241.
  17. ^ Efimov, M.B. & Leshchinskiy, S.V. (2000). First finding of the fossil crocodile skull in Siberia [in Russian]. In: Komarov, A.V., ed., Materialy regional’noj konferencii geologov Sibiri, Dal’nego Vostoka i Severo−Vostoka Rossii. Tom II, 361–363. GalaPress, Tomsk.
  18. ^ Buckley, G.A.; Brochu, C.A.; Krause, D.W. & Pol, D. (2000). "A pug-nosed crocodyliform from the Late Cretaceous of Madagascar". Nature. 405 (6789): 941–944. Bibcode:2000Natur.405..941B. doi:10.1038/35016061. PMID 10879533. S2CID 4426288.
  19. ^ Larrson, H.C.E.; Gado, B. (2000). "A new early Cretaceous crocodyliform from Niger". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie, Abhandlungen. 217 (1): 131–141. doi:10.1127/njgpa/217/2000/131.
  20. ^ Olshevsky, George. "Dinogeorge's Dinosaur Genera List". Archived from the original on 2011-07-15. Retrieved 2008-08-07.
  21. ^ Burnham, D.A., K.L. Derstler, P.J. Currie, R.T. Bakker, Z. Zhou, and J.H. Ostrom. 2000. Remarkable new birdlike dinosaur (Theropoda: Maniraptora) from the Upper Cretaceous of Montana. University of Kansas Paleontological Contributions 13: pp. 1-14.
  22. ^ Norell, M.A., P.J. Makovicky, and J.M. Clark. 2000. A new troodontid theropod from Ukhaa Tolgod, Mongolia. Jpornal of Vertebrate Paleontology 20: pp. 1-11.
  23. ^ Zhou Zhonghe; Wang Xiaolin (2000). "A New Species of Caudipteryx from the Yixian Formation of Liaoning, Northeast China" (PDF). Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 38 (4): 111–127. doi:10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.2000.02.005. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-02-08. Retrieved 2014-08-02.
  24. ^ Godefroit P., S. Zan, and L. Jin. 2000. Charonosaurus jiayinensis n.g., n.sp., a lambeosaurine dinosaur from the Late Maastrichtian of northeastern China. Comptes Rendus Académie des Sciences du Paris, Sciences de la Terre et des Planètes 330: pp. 875–882 (Paléontologie des Vertébrés).
  25. ^ Fang, Pang, Lü, Zhang, Pan, Wang, Li, and Cheng. 2000. Lower, Middle and Upper Jurassic divisions of the Lufeng region of Yunnan Province. Pp. 208-214 in: Proceedings of the Third National Stratigraphical Conference of China. Geological Publishing House, Beijing.
  26. ^ Azuma, Y. and P.J. Currie. 2000. A new carnosaur (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Lower Cretaceous of Japan. Can. J. Earth Sci. 37: pp. 1735-1753.
  27. ^ Ford, T.L. 2000. A review of ankylosaur osteoderms from New Mexico and a preliminary review of ankylosaur armor. In: Dinosaurs of New Mexico (S.G. Lucas and A.B. Heckert, eds.). New Mexico Museum of Natural History Bulletin 17: pp. 157-176.
  28. ^ Sereno, P.C. 2000. The fossil record, systematics and evolution of pachycephalosaurs and ceratopsians from Asia. In The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia (M.J. Benton, M.A. Shishkin, D.M. Unwin, and E.N. Kurochkin, eds.). Cambridge University Press, New York: pp. 480-516.
  29. ^ Pang and Cheng. 2000. A new family of sauropod dinosaur from the Upper Cretaceous of Tianzhen, Shanxi Province, China. Acta Geologica Sinica 74 (2): pp. 117-125.
  30. ^ Coria, R.A. and L. Salgado. 2000. A basal Abelisauria Novas 1992 (Theropoda- Ceratosauria) from the Cretaceous of Patagonia, Argentina. Gaia 15: pp. 89-102
  31. ^ Buffetaut E.; Suteethorn V.; Cuny G.; Tong H.; Loeuff J. Le; Khansubha S.; Jongautchariyakui S. (2000). "The earliest known sauropod dinosaur". Nature. 407 (6800): 72–74. Bibcode:2000Natur.407...72B. doi:10.1038/35024060. PMID 10993074. S2CID 4387776.
  32. ^ Xu, X., X. Wang, and H. You. 2000. A primitive ornithopod from the Early Cretaceous Yixian Formation of Liaoning. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 38 (4): pp. 318-325.
  33. ^ Xu X.; Zhou Z.; Wang X. (2000). "The smallest known non-avian theropod dinosaur" (PDF). Nature. 408 (6813): 705–708. Bibcode:2000Natur.408..705X. doi:10.1038/35047056. PMID 11130069. S2CID 4411157.
  34. ^ Xu, Z., X.J. Zhao, J.-C. Lu, W.-B. Huang, Z.-Y. Li Z., and Z.-M. Dong. 2000. A new Iguanodontian from Sangping Formation of Neixiang, Henan and its stratigraphical implications. Vertebrata PalAsiatica 38 (3): pp. 176-191.
  35. ^ Barsbold, R.; Osmólska, H.; Watabe, M.; Currie, P.J.; Tsogtbaatar, K. (2000). "A new oviraptorosaur (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from Mongolia: the first dinosaur with a pygostyle". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 45 (2): 97–106.
  36. ^ de Klerk W.J.; Forster C.A.; Sampson S.D.; Chinsamy A.; Ross C.F. (2000). "A new coelurosaurian dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous of South Africa". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 20 (2): 324–332. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2000)020[0324:ancdft]2.0.co;2. S2CID 128622530.
  37. ^ Olshevsky, G. 2000. An annotated checklist of dinosaur species by continent. Mesozoic Meanderings 3: pp. 1-157.
  38. ^ Allain R.; Taquet P. (2000). "A new genus of Dromaeosauridae (Dinosauria, Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of France". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 20 (2): 404–407. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2000)020[0404:angodd]2.0.co;2. S2CID 85651716.
  39. ^ Salgado L., Azpilicueta C. (2000). "Un nuevo saltasaurino (Sauropoda, Titanosauridae) de la provincia de Rio Negro (Formacion Allen, Cretacico Superior), Patagonia, Argentina". Ameghiniana. 37 (3): 259–264.
  40. ^ Wedel M.J., R.L. Cifelli, and R.K. Sanders. 2000. Osteology, paleobiology, and relationships of the sauropod dinosaur Sauroposeidon. Acta Palaeontologica Polinica 45 (4): pp. 343–388
  41. ^ Bonaparte, J.F., W.D. Heinrich, and R. Wild. 2000. Review of Janenschia Wild, with the description of a new sauropod from the Tendaguru beds of Tanzania and a discussion on the systematic value of procoelous caudal vertebrae in the Sauropoda. Palaeontographica A 256: pp. 25–76.
  42. ^ James W. R. Martin; Cyril A. Walker; Richard H. C. Bonser; Gareth J. Dyke (2000). "A New Species of Large Auk from the Pliocene of Belgium". Oryctos. 3: 53–60. Archived from the original on 2014-08-08. Retrieved 2014-08-02.
  43. ^ Cécile Mourer-Chauviré (2000). "A New Species of Ameripodius (Aves: Galliformes: Quercymegapodiidae) from the Lower Miocene of France". Palaeontology. 43 (3): 481–493. doi:10.1111/j.0031-0239.2000.00136.x. S2CID 129585810.
  44. ^ Steven M. Goodman (2000). "A Description of a New Species of Brachypteracias (Family Brachypteraciidae) from the Holocene of Madagascar". Ostrich. 71 (1–2): 318–322. doi:10.1080/00306525.2000.9639941. S2CID 83685435.
  45. ^ a b Gerald Mayr (2000). "Charadriiform Birds from the Early Oligocene of Céreste (France) and the Middle Eocene of Messel (Hessen, Germany)". Géobios. 33 (5): 625–636. doi:10.1016/s0016-6995(00)80034-0.
  46. ^ Zlatozar N. Boev (2000). "Cygnus verae sp. n. (Anseriformes: Anatidae) from the Early Pliocene of Sofia (Bulgaria)". Acta Zoologica Cracoviensia. 43 (1–2): 185–192. Archived from the original on 2014-08-11. Retrieved 2014-08-02.
  47. ^ a b Gerald Mayr; Cécile Mourer-Chauviré (2000). "Rollers (Aves: Coraciiformes s.s.) from the Middle Eocene of Messel (Germany) and the Upper Eocene of the Quercy (France)" (PDF). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 20 (3): 533–546. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2000)020[0533:racssf]2.0.co;2. S2CID 56065258. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-06-10. Retrieved 2014-08-03.
  48. ^ Daniel A. Guthrie; Howell W. Thomas; George L. Kennedy (2000). Brown, D.R.; K.L. Mitchell; H.W. Chaney (eds.). "A New Species of Extinct Late Pleistocene Puffin (Aves: Alcidae) rom the Southern California Channel Islands" (PDF). Proceedings of the Fifth California Islands Symposium: 525–530. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-07-27. Retrieved 2014-08-03.
  49. ^ Dieter S. Peters; Ali Hamedani (2000). "Frigidafons babaheydariensis n. sp., ein Sturmvogel aus dem Oligozän des Irans (Aves: Procellariidae)". Senckenbergiana Lethaea. 80 (1): 29–37. doi:10.1007/bf03043661. S2CID 127216323.
  50. ^ a b David W. Steadman; Trevor H. Worthy; Atholl J. Anderson; Richard Walter (2000). "New Species and Records of Birds from Prehistoric Sites on Niue, Southwest Pacific". The Wilson Bulletin. 112 (2): 165–186. doi:10.1676/0043-5643(2000)112[0165:nsarob]2.0.co;2. S2CID 86588636.
  51. ^ Lianhai Hou (2000). "Mesozoic Birds of China (1997); Picture Book of Chinese Fossil Birds" (PDF). Picture Book of Chinese Fossil Birds (2000). Natou, Taiwan: Taiwan Feng Huang Gu Bird Garden + English Translation, Yunnan Science and Technology Press.
  52. ^ Zhang, F.; Zhou, Z.; Hou, L. & Gu, G. (2000). "Early diversification of birds: evidence from a new opposite bird". Chinese Science Bulletin (Chinese Version); Chinese Science Bulletin (English Version). 45 (for 2000), 46 (for 2001) (24, 11): 2650–2657, 945–950. doi:10.1007/BF02900473. S2CID 85215328.
  53. ^ a b Trevor H. Worthy (2000). "The Fossil Megapodes (Aves: Megapodiidae) of Fiji with Descriptions of a New Genus and Two New Species". Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand. 30 (4): 337–364. doi:10.1080/03014223.2000.9517627. S2CID 84889753.
  54. ^ Gerald Mayr (2000). "Tiny Hoopoe-like Birds from the Middle Eocene of Messel (Hessen, Germany)" (PDF). The Auk. 117 (4): 964–970. doi:10.1642/0004-8038(2000)117[0964:thlbft]2.0.co;2. S2CID 73679308.
  55. ^ Gerald Mayr (2000). "A New Mousebird (Coliiformes: Coliidae) from the Oligocene of Germany" (PDF). Journal für Ornithologie. 141 (1): 85–92. doi:10.1007/bf01651775. S2CID 41894000.
  56. ^ Gerald Mayr (2000). "A New Basal Galliform Bird from the Middle Eocene of Messel (Hessen, Germany)" (PDF). Senckenbergiana Lethaea. 80 (1): 45–57. doi:10.1007/bf03043663. S2CID 126613464.
  57. ^ Jirí Mlíkovský; Ursula B. Göhlich (2000). "A New Wood-hoopoe (Aves: Phoeniculidae) from the Early Miocene of Germany and France" (PDF). Acta Societatis Zoologicae Bohemicae. 64: 419–424. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-02-08. Retrieved 2014-08-03.
  58. ^ a b Storrs L. Olson; David B. Wingate (2000). "Two New Species of Flightless Rails (Aves: Rallidae) from the Middle Pleistocene "Crane Fauna" of Bermuda" (PDF). Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 113 (2): 356–368. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-08-08. Retrieved 2014-08-03.
  59. ^ Andrzej Elzanowski; Gregory S. Paul; Thomas A. Stidham (2000). "An Avian Quadrate from the Late Cretaceous Lance Formation of Wyoming" (PDF). Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 20 (4): 712–719. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2000)020[0712:aaqftl]2.0.co;2. S2CID 86292770.
  60. ^ Zhang Fucheng; Zhou Zhonghe (2000). "A primitive Enantiornithine bird and the Origin of Feathers" (PDF). Science. 290 (5498): 1955–1959. Bibcode:2000Sci...290.1955Z. doi:10.1126/science.290.5498.1955. PMID 11110660. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2014-08-03.
  61. ^ Gareth J. Dyke; Joanne H. Cooper (2000). "A New Psittaciform Bird from the London Clay (Lower Eocene) of England". Palaeontology. 43 (2): 271–285. doi:10.1111/1475-4983.00126. S2CID 84812434.
  62. ^ Lian-Hai Hou; Zhong-He Zhou; Fu-Cheng Zhang; Jun-De Li (2000). "A New Vulture from the Miocene of Shandong, Eastern China" (PDF). Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 38 (4): 104–110. doi:10.19615/j.cnki.1000-3118.2000.02.004.
  63. ^ Gerald Mayr (2000). "A Remarkable New "Gruiform" Bird from the Middle Eocene of Messel (Hessen, Germany)" (PDF). Paläontologische Zeitschrift. 74 (1–2): 187–194. doi:10.1007/bf02987960. S2CID 54975848.
  64. ^ Gerald Mayr (2000). "New or Previously Unrecorded Avian Taxa from the Middle Eocene of Messel (Hessen, Germany)" (PDF). Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin, Geowissenschaftliche Reihe. 3: 207–219. doi:10.1002/mmng.4860030110.
  65. ^ Gerald Mayr (2000). "A New Raptor-like Bird from the Lower Eocene of North America and Europe" (PDF). Senckenbergiana Lethaea. 80 (1): 59–65. doi:10.1007/bf03043664. S2CID 58897862.
  66. ^ Martill, D.M.; Frey, E.; Diaz, G.C. & Bell, C.M. (2000). "Reinterpretation of a Chilean pterosaur and the occurrence of Dsungaripteridae in South America" (PDF). Geological Magazine. 137 (1): 19–25. Bibcode:2000GeoM..137...19M. doi:10.1017/S0016756800003502. S2CID 128593191.
  67. ^ Kellner, A.W.A.; Tomida, Y. (2000). "Description of a new species of Anhangueridae (Pterodactyloidea) with comments on the pterosaur fauna from the Santana Formation (Aptian-Albian), northeastern Brazil". National Science Museum Monograph (17): 1–135.
  68. ^ Veldmeijer, A.J.; Meijer, H.J.M. & Signore, M. (2006). "Coloborhynchus from the Lower Cretaceous Santana Formation, Brazil (Pterosauria, Pterodactyloidea, Anhangueridae): an update" (PDF). Vertebrate Paleontology. 3 (2): 15–29. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2020-09-01. Retrieved 2017-06-07.
  69. ^ Kurkin, A.A. (2000). "New dicynodonts from the Upper Permian of the Vyatka Basin". Paleontological Journal. 34 (supplement 2): S203–S210.
  70. ^ Abdala, F.; Ribeiro, A.M. (2000). "A new therioherpetid cynodont from the Santa Maria Formation (middle Late Triassic), southern Brazil". Geodiversitas. 22 (4): 589–596.
  71. ^ a b Tatarinov, L.P. (2000). "New material on Scaloposaurians (Reptilia, Theriodontia) from the Upper Permian of the Kotelnich Locality, Kirov Region". Paleontological Journal. 34 (supplement 2): S187–S202.
  72. ^ a b Flynn, J.J.; Parrish, J.M.; Rakotosamimanana, B.; Ranivoharimanana, L.; Simpson, W.F. & Wyss, A.R. (2000). "New traversodontids (Synapsida: Eucynodontia) from the Triassic of Madagascar". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 20 (3): 422–427. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2000)020[0422:NTSEFT]2.0.CO;2. S2CID 130041740.
  73. ^ a b Ivakhnenko, M.F. (2000). "The Nikkasauridae—Problematic primitive therapsids from the Late Permian of the Mezen Localities". Paleontological Journal. 34 (supplement 2): S179–S186.
  74. ^ Tatarinov, L.P. (2000). "A new gorgonopid (Reptilia, Theriodontia) from the Upper Permian of the Vologda Region". Paleontological Journal. 34 (1): 75–83.
  75. ^ Kalandadze, N.N.; Kurkin, A.A. (2000). "A new Permian dicynodont and the question of the origin of the kannemeyeroidea". Paleontological Journal. 34 (6): 642–649.