Wikipedia:WikiProject Viruses/Guidelines

Review and assessment

Quality scale

WikiProject article quality grading scheme

Class	Criteria	Reader's experience	Editing suggestions	Example
FA	The article has attained featured article status by passing an in-depth examination by impartial reviewers from WP:Featured article candidates. More detailed criteria The article meets the featured article criteria: A featured article exemplifies Wikipedia's very best work and is distinguished by professional standards of writing, presentation, and sourcing. In addition to meeting the policies regarding content for all Wikipedia articles, it has the following attributes. It is: well-written: its prose is engaging and of a professional standard; comprehensive: it neglects no major facts or details and places the subject in context; well-researched: it is a thorough and representative survey of the relevant literature; claims are verifiable against high-quality reliable sources and are supported by inline citations where appropriate; neutral: it presents views fairly and without bias; stable: it is not subject to ongoing edit wars and its content does not change significantly from day to day, except in response to the featured article process; and compliant with Wikipedia's copyright policy and free of plagiarism or too-close paraphrasing. It follows the style guidelines, including the provision of: a lead: a concise lead section that summarizes the topic and prepares the reader for the detail in the subsequent sections; appropriate structure: a substantial but not overwhelming system of hierarchical section headings; and consistent citations: where required by criterion 1c, consistently formatted inline citations using footnotes—see citing sources for suggestions on formatting references. Citation templates are not required. Media. It has images and other media, where appropriate, with succinct captions and acceptable copyright status. Images follow the image use policy. Non-free images or media must satisfy the criteria for inclusion of non-free content and be labeled accordingly. Length. It stays focused on the main topic without going into unnecessary detail and uses summary style where appropriate.	Professional, outstanding, and thorough; a definitive source for encyclopedic information.	No further content additions should be necessary unless new information becomes available; further improvements to the prose quality are often possible.[under discussion]	Influenza
FL	The article has attained featured list status by passing an in-depth examination by impartial reviewers from WP:Featured list candidates. More detailed criteria The article meets the featured list criteria: Prose. It features professional standards of writing. Lead. It has an engaging lead that introduces the subject and defines the scope and inclusion criteria. Comprehensiveness. (a) It comprehensively covers the defined scope, providing at least all of the major items and, where practical, a complete set of items; where appropriate, it has annotations that provide useful and appropriate information about the items. (b) statements are sourced where they appear, and they provide inline citations if they contain any of the four kinds of material absolutely required to have citations. (c) In length and/or topic, it meets all of the requirements for stand-alone lists; does not violate the content-forking guideline, does not largely duplicate material from another article, and could not reasonably be included as part of a related article. Structure. It is easy to navigate and includes, where helpful, section headings and table sort facilities. Style. It complies with the Manual of Style and its supplementary pages. (a) Visual appeal. It makes suitable use of text layout, formatting, tables, and colour; and a minimal proportion of items are redlinked. (b) Media files. It has images and other media, if appropriate to the topic, that follow Wikipedia's usage policies, with succinct captions. Non-free images and other media satisfy the criteria for the inclusion of non-free content and are labeled accordingly. (c) Accessibility. It uses proper formating to be accessible to all readers. Bulleted and unbulleted lists and tables are structured correctly. Visual media, if included, utilize alternative (alt) text. Stability. It is not the subject of ongoing edit wars and its content does not change significantly from day to day, except in response to the featured list process.	Professional standard; it comprehensively covers the defined scope, usually providing a complete set of items, and has annotations that provide useful and appropriate information about those items.	No further content additions should be necessary unless new information becomes available.	List of dates predicted for apocalyptic events (as of May 2018)
A	The article is well organized and essentially complete, having been examined by impartial reviewers from a WikiProject or elsewhere. Good article status is not a requirement for A-Class. More detailed criteria The article meets the A-Class criteria: Provides a well-written, clear and complete description of the topic, as described in Wikipedia:Article development. It should be of a length suitable for the subject, appropriately structured, and be well referenced by a broad array of reliable sources. It should be well illustrated, with no copyright problems. Only minor style issues and other details need to be addressed before submission as a featured article candidate. See the A-Class assessment departments of some of the larger WikiProjects (e.g. WikiProject Military history).	Very useful to readers. A fairly complete treatment of the subject. A non-expert in the subject would typically find nothing wanting.	Expert knowledge may be needed to tweak the article, and style problems may need solving. WP:Peer review may help.	N/A
GA	The article meets all of the good article criteria, and has been examined by one or more impartial reviewers from WP:Good article nominations. More detailed criteria A good article is: Well-written: the prose is clear, concise, and understandable to an appropriately broad audience; spelling and grammar are correct; and it complies with the Manual of Style guidelines for lead sections, layout, words to watch, fiction, and list incorporation. Verifiable with no original research: it contains a list of all references (sources of information), presented in accordance with the layout style guideline; reliable sources are cited inline. All content that could reasonably be challenged, except for plot summaries and that which summarizes cited content elsewhere in the article, must be cited no later than the end of the paragraph (or line if the content is not in prose); it contains no original research; and it contains no copyright violations or plagiarism. Broad in its coverage: it addresses the main aspects of the topic; and it stays focused on the topic without going into unnecessary detail (see summary style). Neutral: it represents viewpoints fairly and without editorial bias, giving due weight to each. Stable: it does not change significantly from day to day because of an ongoing edit war or content dispute. Illustrated, if possible, by media such as images, video, or audio: media are tagged with their copyright statuses, and valid non-free use rationales are provided for non-free content; and media are relevant to the topic, and have suitable captions.	Useful to nearly all readers, with no obvious problems; approaching (though not necessarily equalling) the quality of a professional publication.	Some editing by subject and style experts is helpful; comparison with an existing featured article on a similar topic may highlight areas where content is weak or missing.	Hepatitis B
B	The article meets all of the B-Class criteria. It is mostly complete and does not have major problems, but requires some further work to reach good article standards. More detailed criteria The article is suitably referenced, with inline citations. It has reliable sources, and any important or controversial material which is likely to be challenged is cited. Any format of inline citation is acceptable: the use of <ref> tags and citation templates such as {{cite web}} is optional. The article reasonably covers the topic, and does not contain obvious omissions or inaccuracies. It contains a large proportion of the material necessary for an A-Class article, although some sections may need expansion, and some less important topics may be missing. The article has a defined structure. Content should be organized into groups of related material, including a lead section and all the sections that can reasonably be included in an article of its kind. The article is reasonably well-written. The prose contains no major grammatical errors and flows sensibly, but it does not need to be "brilliant". The Manual of Style does not need to be followed rigorously. The article contains supporting materials where appropriate. Illustrations are encouraged, though not required. Diagrams, an infobox etc. should be included where they are relevant and useful to the content. The article presents its content in an appropriately understandable way. It is written with as broad an audience in mind as possible. The article should not assume unnecessary technical background and technical terms should be explained or avoided where possible.	Readers are not left wanting, although the content may not be complete enough to satisfy a serious student or researcher.	A few aspects of content and style need to be addressed. Expert knowledge may be needed. The inclusion of supporting materials should be considered if practical, and the article checked for general compliance with the Manual of Style and related style guidelines.	Orthomyxoviridae
C	The article is substantial but is still missing important content or contains irrelevant material. The article should have some references to reliable sources, but may still have significant problems or require substantial cleanup. More detailed criteria The article cites more than one reliable source and is better developed in style, structure, and quality than Start-Class, but it fails one or more of the criteria for B-Class. It may have some gaps or missing elements, or need editing for clarity, balance, or flow.	Useful to a casual reader, but would not provide a complete picture for even a moderately detailed study.	Considerable editing is needed to close gaps in content and solve cleanup problems.	Coronavirus
Start	An article that is developing but still quite incomplete. It may or may not cite adequate reliable sources. More detailed criteria The article has a meaningful amount of good content, but it is still weak in many areas. The article has one or more of the following: A useful picture or graphic Multiple links that help explain or illustrate the topic A subheading that fully treats an element of the topic Multiple subheadings that indicate material that could be added to complete the article	Provides some meaningful content, but most readers will need more.	Providing references to reliable sources should come first; the article also needs substantial improvement in content and organisation. Also improve the grammar, spelling, writing style and improve the jargon use.	Cypovirus
Stub	A very basic description of the topic. Meets none of the Start-Class criteria.	Provides very little meaningful content; may be little more than a dictionary definition. Readers probably see insufficiently developed features of the topic and may not see how the features of the topic are significant.	Any editing or additional material can be helpful. The provision of meaningful content should be a priority. The best solution for a Stub-class Article to step up to a Start-class Article is to add in referenced reasons of why the topic is significant.	Apple mosaic virus (as of December 2016)
List	Meets the criteria of a stand-alone list or set index article, which is an article that contains primarily a list, usually consisting of links to articles in a particular subject area.	There is no set format for a list, but its organization should be logical and useful to the reader.	Lists should be lists of live links to Wikipedia articles, appropriately named and organized.	List of viruses
Category	Any category falls under this class.	Categories are mainly used to group together articles within a particular subject area.	Large categories may need to be split into one or more subcategories. Be wary of articles that have been miscategorized.	Category:Viral plant disease stubs
Disambig	Any disambiguation page falls under this class.	The page serves to distinguish multiple articles that share the same (or similar) title.	Additions should be made as new articles of that name are created. Pay close attention to the proper naming of such pages, as they often do not need "(disambiguation)" appended to the title.	Virus (disambiguation)
Template	Any template falls under this class. The most common types of templates include infoboxes and navboxes.	Different types of templates serve different purposes. Infoboxes provide easy access to key pieces of information about the subject. Navboxes are for the purpose of grouping together related subjects into an easily accessible format, to assist the user in navigating between articles.	Infoboxes are typically placed at the upper right of an article, while navboxes normally go across the very bottom of a page. Beware of too many different templates, as well as templates that give either too little, too much, or too specialized information.	Template:Virus topics
NA	Any non-article page that fits no other classification.	The page contains no article content.	Look out for misclassified articles. Currently, many NA-class articles may need to be re-classified.	Portal:Molecular and Cellular Biology

Importance scale

WikiProject article importance scheme

Importance	Criteria	Example
Top	Subject is extremely important, even crucial, to its specific field. Reserved for subjects that have achieved international notability within their field.	HIV
High	Subject is extremely notable, but has not achieved international notability, or is only notable within a particular continent.	Common cold
Mid	Subject is only notable within its particular field or subject and has achieved notability in a particular place or area.	Papaya ringspot virus
Low	Subject is not particularly notable or significant even within its field of study. It may only be included to cover a specific part of a notable article.	2009 flu pandemic by country
NA	Subject importance is not applicable. Generally applies to non-article pages such as redirects, categories, templates, etc.	Template:ICTVdB

Article mechanics

Article subject

Virus articles can be on any level that makes sense in context. In some cases, it makes sense to combine several taxonomic levels in a single article - the family Roniviridae contains only one genus, Okavirus, so the one article can cover the other level too. Most will be about particular taxa, for example:

• Group: Group IV ((+)ssRNA)
• Family: Picornaviridae
• Genus: Enterovirus
• Species: Poliovirus

It may be useful to start with a high-level article, such as a family article, and then split off genus and/or species articles as the material builds to prevent the birth of unwanted stubs.

When creating a new article for a virus, ensure that the capitalization follows the suggested orthography:

• Orders, families, subfamilies, genera, and species should be written in italics with the first letter capitalized (e.g. genus Ebolavirus belongs to family Filoviridae, order Mononegavirales).
• Other words aren't capitalized unless they're proper nouns (e.g. Murray River encephalitis virus).

Article titles

In general, the Latin name should be redirected to the common name and the common name used for article titles - for example:

• Polio not Poliomyelitis
• Smallpox not Variola Major

Sometimes exceptions need to be made, usually when newly discovered viruses do not yet have a formal common name. Also, some distinct groups may be known only by their scientific name. Please create a redirect from the uncapitalised form when applicable.

Article structure

Whilst not practical to enforce or put forth hard guidelines as to how a virus article is structured, some degree of uniformity can be achieved using the following suggestions:

• Use a taxobox at the beginning of the article - for the specific viral taxobox used, please see below. This will also provide links back to immediate taxa above and below
• Provide a short introduction covering most aspects of the article before starting any headers
• Where applicable, use the following headings
  • Structure - to state the capsid shape, special appendages or viral envelope constitution
  • Genome or Genetic Material - to state the type, shape, sense or strandedness of their nucleic acid
  • Diseases - to discuss any diseases a species or family is known to cause. A list of commonly encountered diseases is very useful for the layperson.

Italics and capitalization

Italics and/or capitalization are not used for

• Informal, everyday references (e.g. "the rhinoviruses", not "the Rhinoviruses", c.f. Rhinovirus)
  • However, proper nouns in virus species should always be capitalised (e.g. Murray River encephalitis virus, the Ebola virus)
• Common or laymen's terms (e.g. "chicken pox", not "chicken pox")
• Acronyms (e.g. "HIV", not "HIV")
• Adjectival usage (e.g. "poliovirus polymerase" not "Poliovirus polymerase")

Italics and/or capitalization are used for

• Specific references to viral taxonomic ranks: orders, families, subfamilies, genera, and species should be written in italics with the first letter capitalized (e.g. genus :Ebolavirus belongs to family Filoviridae, order Mononegavirales) NOTE: As of January 2018, this rule for italicizing directly contradicts (in part) the current MOS:ITALICS.
• Proper nouns in virus species should be capitalised (e.g. Murray River encephalitis virus, the Ebola virus)

As an example of the above: "The viral species Human herpesvirus 3 (also known as Varicella-zoster virus) causes the common childhood disease known as chicken pox. Vaccines may prove to be useful in preventing human herpesvirus 3 (HHV-3) but due to the severity of symptoms exhibited when contracting the disease later in life, many parents try to get their children exposed to HHV-3 young."

Taxonomy

The International Code of Virus Classification and Nomenclature is under the authority of the International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses (ICTV), the organisation that regulates the conventions of viral taxonomy and maintains a list of approved taxa. As such, the ICTV is the standard taxonomic resource for Wikipedia. Good places to see this in action and get an idea of how it works can be found at Virus classification and Taxonomic list of viruses. A useful website is ICTV Home.

The Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) database ("MeSH Browser".) also is a useful resource for virus taxonomy.

If you have any suggestions for additional resources, please let us know.