Wikipedia

Werner Husemann

Werner Husemann (10 November 1919 – 2 February 2014) was a German Luftwaffe night fighter ace and recipient of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross, the highest award in the military and paramilitary forces of Nazi Germany during World War II. Husemann claimed to have shot down 34 enemy aircraft, and was credited with 30 aerial victories.[Note 1]

Werner Husemann
Born(1919-11-10)10 November 1919
Schötmar/Lippe
Died2 February 2014(2014-02-02) (aged 94)
Bad Salzuflen
Allegiance Nazi Germany
Service/branchBalkenkreuz (Iron Cross) Luftwaffe
Years of service1941–1945
RankMajor
UnitNJG 1, NJG 3
Commands held7./NJG 1
I./NJG 3
Battles/warsWorld War II
AwardsKnight's Cross of the Iron Cross

Career edit

Husemann was born on 10 November 1919 in Schötmar/Lippe. He enlisted in the Luftwaffe in 1941 and served with a weather reconnaissance squadron.

Night fighter career edit

 
A map of part of the Kammhuber Line. The 'belt' and night fighter 'boxes' are shown.

Following the 1939 aerial Battle of the Heligoland Bight, RAF attacks shifted to the cover of darkness, initiating the Defence of the Reich campaign.[1] By mid-1940, Generalmajor (Brigadier General) Josef Kammhuber had established a night air defense system dubbed the Kammhuber Line. It consisted of a series of control sectors equipped with radars and searchlights and an associated night fighter. Each sector named a Himmelbett (canopy bed) would direct the night fighter into visual range with target bombers. In 1941, the Luftwaffe started equipping night fighters with airborne radar such as the Lichtenstein radar. This airborne radar did not come into general use until early 1942.[2]

In late 1942, Husemann transferred to the Stab (staff) of Nachtjagdgeschwader 1 (the 1st Night Fighter Wing).[3] He claimed his first aerial victorie on the night of 17/18 August 1942. His victories increased to 17 by the end of 1943, including three British Avro Lancaster bombers shot down on the night of 25/26 June 1943. He was appointed Staffelkapitän (squadron commander) of the 7th squadron of NJG 1 on 1 October 1943. Husemann was awarded the German Cross in Gold on 24 October 1943, and the Ehrenpokal der Luftwaffe on 1 November 1943.

Group commander edit

On 4 January 1944, Husemann became commander of the I. Gruppe of Nachtjagdgeschwader 3 (NJG 3—3rd Night Fighter Wing), succeeding Hauptmann Paul Szameitat who had been killed.[4] Husemann was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes) on 30 September 1944 after being credited with 30 aerial victories. By the war's end he had 34 aerial victories in over 250 night combat missions. His last 13 victories were claimed with Oberfeldwebel Hans-Georg Schierholz as his wireless/radio operator.[5]

On 14 November 1944, Husemann, flying a Junkers Ju 88 G6 attacked a Short Stirling bomber near Ringkøbing. During the attack, the Ju 88 was hit by the defensive fire of the Stirling's tail gunner. Too low to bail out, Husemann made a forced landing in the fields of Tværmosegaard, a farm 9 kilometres (5.6 miles) northeast of Herning.

Summary of career edit

Aerial victory claims edit

According to Spick, Husemann was credited with 32 aerial victories claimed in over 250 combat missions.[6] The authors Heaton and Lewis state that he was credited with 34 aerial victories.[7] Obermaier lists him with 30 nocturnal aerial victories claimed in over 250 combat missions.[5] Foreman, Parry and Mathews, authors of Luftwaffe Night Fighter Claims 1939 – 1945, researched the German Federal Archives and found records for 32 nocturnal victory claims[8] Mathews and Foreman also published Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims, listing Husemann with 31 claims.[9]

In some instances, aerial victories were claimed and logged in a Planquadrat (PQ—grid reference). The Luftwaffe grid map (Jägermeldenetz) map was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about 360 square miles (930 km2).[10][11]

Chronicle of aerial victories

  This and the ? (question mark) indicates information discrepancies listed in Luftwaffe Night Fighter Claims 1939 – 1945 but not in Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims.

Claim Date Time Type Location Serial No./Squadron No.
– Stab of Nachtjagdgeschwader 1 –[3]
1 17 December 1942 20:53 Stirling 6 km (3.7 mi) northeast of Zwolle[12]
PQ 4341 		Stirling BF396/No. 75 Squadron RAF[13]
2 27 April 1943 03:37 Stirling 17 km (11 mi) west of Hilversum[14] Stirling BF383/No. 90 Squadron RAF[15]
3 12 June 1943 02:55 Wellington[16]
4 13 June 1943 02:20 Lancaster Tubbergen[17] Lancaster ED816/No. 97 (Straits Settlements) Squadron RAF[18]
5 24 June 1943 03:17 Halifax 6 km (3.7 mi) north-northwest of Amsterdam[19] Halifax BB379/No. 138 Squadron RAF[20]
6 26 June 1943 01:13 Halifax east of Zevenaar[21] Stirling BK768/No. 75 Squadron RAF[22]
7?[Note 2] 26 June 1943 01:17 Stirling 13 km (8.1 mi) west-northwest of Waterwijk[21] Stirling EH898/No. 218 (Gold Coast) Squadron RAF[23]
8 26 June 1943 02:19 Lancaster 13 km (8.1 mi) south of Haarlem[21] Lancaster R5572/No. 106 Squadron RAF[24]
9 29 June 1943 03:07 Lancaster[25] 3 km (1.9 mi) north of Hoorn Lancaster ED569/No. 207 Squadron RAF[26]
10 24 August 1943 00:50 Halifax Biesenthal[27] Lancaster ED328/No. 101 Squadron RAF[28]
11 28 August 1943 03:15 Wellington northwest of Nuremberg[29] Stirling EF448/No. 218 (Gold Coast) Squadron RAF[30]
12 4 September 1943 00:50 Wellington vicinity of Strasbourg[31]
13 7 September 1943 00:45 Halifax 30 km (19 mi) south of Munich[32] Halifax JD166/No. 10 Squadron RAF[33]
– 7. Staffel of Nachtjagdgeschwader 1 –[3]
14 22 October 1943 21:30 Lancaster 20 km (12 mi) northwest of Minden[34] Lancaster DS778/408 (Goose) Squadron[35]
– Stab I. Gruppe of Nachtjagdgeschwader 3 –[9]
15 25 March 1944 00:39 four-engined bomber west of Münster[36]
16 10 April 1944 03:40?[Note 3] four-engined bomber Hersfeld[37]
17 10 April 1944 03:45?[Note 4] four-engined bomber vicinity of Hersfeld[37]
18 23 April 1944 23:56 four-engined bomber Lolland Island[38]
19 23 May 1944 00:25 four-engined bomber Assen/Emmen[39] Lancaster ND963/No. 83 Squadron RAF[40]
20 16 June 1944 00:59 four-engined bomber south of Thérouanne[41]
21 24 June 1944 01:15 four-engined bomber Saint-Omer/Ypres[42]
22 6 July 1944 00:35 four-engined bomber Strait of Dover[43]
23 21 July 1944 01:34 four-engined bomber northwest of Venlo[44] Lancaster ND915/No. 75 Squadron RAF[45]
24 29 July 1944 01:47 four-engined bomber Bitsche/Pirmasens[44] Lancaster KB759/No. 428 Squadron RCAF[46]
25 13 August 1944 00:47 four-engined bomber Sulingen/Wagenfeld[47] Lancaster LM598/No. 101 Squadron RAF
26 17 August 1944 00:40 four-engined bomber[48] 330° – 350° from beacon "Q" Lancaster PB239/No. 405 Squadron RCAF[49]
27 30 August 1944 00:48 Lancaster PQ LH[50] Lancaster ED588/No. 50 Squadron RAF[51]
28 30 August 1944 01:19 Lancaster PQ OK-PK[50] Lancaster HK594/No. 75 Squadron RAF[52]
29 14 February 1945 20:41 Halifax Zealand Island[53] Halifax MY793/No. 10 Squadron[54]
30 14 February 1945 21:17 Halifax Møn Island[55]
31 4 March 1945 20:29 Lancaster east of Aahus[56]
32 4 March 1945 23:32 Lancaster Bourtange moor[56]

Awards edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ For a list of Luftwaffe night fighter aces see List of German World War II night fighter aces.
  2. ^ This claim is listed in Luftwaffe Night Fighter Claims 1939 – 1945 but not in Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims.[3]
  3. ^ According to Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims at 03:45.[3]
  4. ^ According to Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims at 03:50.[3]

References edit

Citations edit

  1. ^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 9.
  2. ^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 27.
  3. ^ a b c d e f Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 567.
  4. ^ Aders 1978, p. 228.
  5. ^ a b Obermaier 1989, p. 138.
  6. ^ Spick 1996, p. 245.
  7. ^ Heaton & Lewis 2008, p. 149.
  8. ^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, pp. 62–240.
  9. ^ a b Mathews & Foreman 2015, pp. 567–568.
  10. ^ Hinchliffe 1999, p. 208.
  11. ^ Planquadrat.
  12. ^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 62.
  13. ^ Stirling BF396.
  14. ^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 77.
  15. ^ Stirling BF383.
  16. ^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 84.
  17. ^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 85.
  18. ^ Lancaster ED816.
  19. ^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 89.
  20. ^ Halifax BB379.
  21. ^ a b c Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 90.
  22. ^ Stirling BK768.
  23. ^ Stirling EH898.
  24. ^ Lancaster R5572.
  25. ^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 91.
  26. ^ Lancaster ED569.
  27. ^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 105.
  28. ^ Lancaster ED328.
  29. ^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 108.
  30. ^ Stirling EF448.
  31. ^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 110.
  32. ^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 112.
  33. ^ Halifax JD166.
  34. ^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 125.
  35. ^ Lancaster DS778.
  36. ^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 159.
  37. ^ a b Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 165.
  38. ^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 169.
  39. ^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 178.
  40. ^ Lancaster ND963.
  41. ^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 188.
  42. ^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 192.
  43. ^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 197.
  44. ^ a b Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 202.
  45. ^ Lancaster ND915.
  46. ^ Lancaster KB759.
  47. ^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 208.
  48. ^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 210.
  49. ^ Lancaster PB239.
  50. ^ a b Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 213.
  51. ^ Lancaster ED588.
  52. ^ Lancaster HK594.
  53. ^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 234.
  54. ^ Bowman 2016, p. 195.
  55. ^ Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 235.
  56. ^ a b Foreman, Parry & Mathews 2004, p. 240.
  57. ^ Patzwall 2008, p. 107.
  58. ^ Patzwall & Scherzer 2001, p. 203.
  59. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, p. 238.
  60. ^ Scherzer 2007, p. 412.

Bibliography edit

Military offices
Preceded by
Hauptmann Paul Szameitat
 Gruppenkommandeur of I. Nachtjagdgeschwader 3
4 January 1944 – 8 May 1945 		Succeeded by
disbanded
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