ADDITIONS edit

  • . 201699999. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |year= (help); Missing or empty |title= (help)

{{cite web}}: Empty citation (help)

OS edit

Mudge edit

  • ( & OS1791–4)( & OS1795–6)( & OS1797–9)( & OS1803)( & OS1800–9)(Rodriguez 1813)
  • Mudge, William; Dalby, Isaac; Williams, Edward (1794). "An Account of the Trigonometrical Survey Carried on in the Years 1791, 1792, 1793, and 1794". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. 84: 414–622.
  • Section 1: remeasure Hounslow base with new chains. Result 27404.315. Correct Roy value 27404.084. Mean 27404.2 ft. SECT2(441/29): Triangles south to IOW Dunnose. Then link to Rot grid and test accuracy. Early possibility of a meridian arc. 2 Improvements to theodolite. 3 White lights. 4 Angles. 6 Dunnose latitude 9 stations (15 in number) (many later rejected) SECT3(474/60) 1 Salisbury base 36574.4 SECT4(488/75) Sides 2Spherical excess then correct angles 4 Calculate salisbury from hounslow 36574.7 (one route) Find other routes. SECT5(517/105) Meridian at Dunnose and azimuths SECT6(530) distances from meridian. lat/lon coords 7ellipse datum SECT7(539/126) secondary triangles (160 in number) have only two angles measured (unlike three angles for the main survey) SECT8(567/155) bearings and distances and lat lon of secondary objects. SECT9 (579) heights start from dunnose by levelling. other heights by reciprocal elevations CONCLUSION(589/176) small instrument FIGURES/maps (592/179)
  • Mudge, William; Dalby, Isaac; Edward, Williams (1797). "An Account of the Trigonometrical Survey Carried on in the Years 1795–1796". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society. 87: 432–541.
  • extended survey to west as far as scillies - new instrument half size.25 stations 29 great triangles - heights - refraction - 81 secondaty triangles with only two angles - interior of kent with small theo
  • Mudge, William (1800). "An Account of the Trigonometrical Survey Carried on in the Years 1797–1799". Philosopical Transactions of the Royal Society. 90: 539–728.
  • established many meridians - moving north - gloucs - warwk - essex -
- testing chains(584) - sedgemoor base - chain in use suffered wear - one chain kept for comparison - determination of azimuths - 

OS Ramsden edit

(Pearson 1829) (Turner 1983) (Insley 2008) (McConnell 2007) (Ramsden 1777) (Ramsden 1779) (Ramsden the optician)

OS Roy edit

(Bennet 2006) (Anderson 2010) (O'Donoghue 1977) (Maskelyne) (Roy 1777) (Roy 1785) (Roy 1787) (Roy 1790)

OS History edit

OS MIscellaneous edit

(OSgrid1946) (Surveying-treatise1911) (Maskelyne 1775)

CLARKE edit

General edit

(Close 1910), Conolly (1898) de Santis 2002, list of Directors-General, (DNB 1885), (Heritage 1953), Hewitt (2010), (James 1873), (James 1902), (Leonard 2010), (Owen & Pilbeam 1992) harv error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFOwenPilbeam1992 (help), (Seymour 1980) harv error: multiple targets (2×): CITEREFSeymour1980 (help), (Yolland 1847)

Clarke Biographical edit

Clarke Ordnance Survey publications edit

The following list contains the major reports prepared by Clarke, as well as his text book. The title pages of many of the reports mention only Colonel Henry James, Superintendent of the Ordnance Survey, but in every case it is made clear that Clarke was de facto author.

Clarke Other scientific papers edit

  • Royal Society of London (1914). Catalogue of scientific papers, 1800-1900. Cambridge University Press. OL 7029325M. Volumes 1 (p934), 7 (p395) and 9 (p526) list the following papers:{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  • Clarke, Alexander Ross (1850). "Propositions on the tetrahedron". Mathematician. 3: 182–189.
  • Clarke, Alexander Ross (1851). "On the measurements of azimuths on a spheroid". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 11 (6): 147–148. doi:10.1093/mnras/11.6.147.
  • Clarke, Alexander Ross (1858a). "Note on Archdeacon Pratt's Paper on the effect of local attraction in the English Arc". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society: 787–790.
  • Clarke, Alexander Ross (1859a). "Note on the figure of the Earth". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 19: 36–38. doi:10.1093/mnras/19.1.36.
  • Clarke, Alexander Ross (1859b). "On the reduction of occultations". Memoirs of Royal Astronomical Society. 27: 97–110.
  • James, Henry (1860). "Description of the Projection Used in the Topographical Department of the War Office for Maps Embracing Large Portions of the Earth's Surface". Journal of the Royal Geographical Society of London. 30: 106–111. doi:10.2307/1798292. JSTOR 1798292. This article appears under the name of the Superintendent James but he does acknowledge that it was actually written by Clarke.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  • Clarke, Alexander Ross (1861). "On the figure of the Earth". Memoirs of Royal Astronomical Society. 29: 2544.
  • Clarke, Alexander Ross (1866b). "On Archdeacon Platt's Figure of the Earth". Philosophical Magazine. 31: 193–196.
  • Clarke, Alexander Ross (1866c). "On the figure of the earth". Philosophical Magazine. 32: 236–237.
  • Clarke, Alexander Ross (1870a). "On a determination of the direction of the meridian with a Russian diagonal transit instrument". Memoirs of the Royal Astronomical Society. 37: 57–74.
  • Clarke, Alexander Ross (1870b). "On the course of geodesic lines on the Earth's surface". Philosophical Magazine. 39: 352–363.
  • Clarke, Alexander Ross (1876). "On the elasticity of brass". Philosophical Magazine. 2: 131–134.
  • Clarke, Alexander Ross (1877a). "Just intonation". Nature. 15.Page 159,page 253,page 353. {{cite journal}}: External link in |postscript= (help)CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  • Clarke, Alexander Ross (1877b). "On a correction to observed latitudes". Philosophical Magazine. 4: 302–305.
  • Clarke, Alexander Ross (1877c). "On the potential of an ellipsoid at an external point". Philosophical Magazine. 4: 458–61.
  • Clarke, Alexander Ross (1878). "On the figure of the Earth". Philosophical Magazine. 6: 81–93.

Clarke Encyclopedia articles edit

PROJECTIONS edit

ADAMS 1921 [1]

ASTRONOMICAL ALMANAC [2]

BESSEL [3]

BORRE [4]

BUZENGEIGER Legendre theorem on spherical triangles (to fourth order) [5]

CLARKE Geodesy [6]).

DELAMBRE meridian 1798 [7]

GAUSS Legendre theorem on spherical triangles [8]

GAUSS [9]

GEOTRANS converter [10]

HOFMANN-WELLENHOF and MORITZ [11])

KARNEY transverse Mercator [12]

KRUGER transverse Mercator [13]

LAMBERT transverse Mercator [14]

LEE exact [15]

LEE series [16]

LEGENDRE 1 theorem stated not proved [17]

LEGENDRE 2 theorem proved [18]

MAXIMA [19]

MALING [20]

NADENIK Legendre theorem survey [21]

NELL Legendre theorem to order 6 [22]

NEWTON [23]

NIST [24]

OSBORNE (Spherical trig page 16 Legendre) [25] OSBORNE Mercator Projections [26]

OSGB [27]

PEARSON Trig textbook Legendre theorem at para41 page103 [28]

PODER [29]

RAPP [30]

REDFEARN [31]

SNYDER flattening [32]

SNYDER workbook [33]

STUIFBERGEN [34]

THOMAS [35]

TOBLER [36]

TORGE [37]

TROPKFE Legendre theorem possibly in 1740 [38]

UTM [39]

VINCENTY[40]

WANGERIN [41]

WGS84 [42]

  1. ^ Adams, Oscar S (1921). Latitude Developments Connected With Geodesy and Cartography, (with tables, including a table for Lambert equal area meridional projection). Special Publication No. 67 of the US Coast and Geodetic Survey. A facsimile of this publication is available from the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) at http://docs.lib.noaa.gov/rescue/cgs_specpubs/QB275U35no671921.pdf Warning: Adams uses the nomenclature isometric latitude for the conformal latitude of this article.
  2. ^ The Astronomical Almanac published annually by the National Almanac Office in the United States (http://asa.usno.navy.mil/) and the United Kingdom (http://astro.ukho.gov.uk/nao/publicat/asa.html).
  3. ^ F. W. Bessel, 1825, ¨Uber die Berechnung der geographischen L¨angen und Breiten aus geod¨atischen Vermessungen, Astron. Nachr., 4(86), 241–254, doi:10.1002/asna.201011352, translated into English by C. F. F. Karney and R. E. Deakin as The calculation of longitude and latitude from geodesic measurements, Astron. Nachr. 331(8), 852–861 (2010), E-print arXiv:0908.1824, http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1825AN......4..241B.
  4. ^ Borre[1]
  5. ^ Buzengeiger, Karl Heribert Ignatz (1818), "Vergleichung zweier kleiner Dreiecke von gleichen Seiten, wovon das eine sphärisch, das andere eben ist", Zeitschrift für Astronomie und verwandte Wissenschaften (V6): 264—270 {{citation}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  6. ^ Clarke, Alexander Ross (1880), Geodesy, Clarendon Press Recently republished at Forgotten Books.
  7. ^ Delambre, Jean Baptiste Joseph (1798), [[2] Méthodes analytiques pour la détermination d'un arc du méridien] {{citation}}: Check |url= value (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  8. ^ Gauss, Karl Friedrich (1841 page=96), [[3] Elementare Ableitung eines zuerst von Legendre aufgestellten Lehrsatzes der sphärischen Trigonometrie journal=Journal für die reine und angewandte Mathematik (vol 2)] {{citation}}: Check |url= value (help); Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help); Missing pipe in: |date= (help); Missing pipe in: |title= (help)
  9. ^ Gauss, Karl Friedrich, 1825. "Allgemeine Auflösung der Aufgabe: die Theile einer gegebnen Fläche auf einer andern gegebnen Fläche so abzubilden, daß die Abbildung dem Abgebildeten in den kleinsten Theilen ähnlich wird" Preisarbeit der Kopenhagener Akademie 1822. Schumacher Astronomische Abhandlungen, Altona, no. 3, p. 5=30. [Reprinted, 1894, Ostwald’s Klassiker der Exakten Wissenschaften, no. 55: Leipzig, Wilhelm Engelmann, p. 57-81, with editing by Albert Wangerin, pp. 97-101. Also in Herausgegeben von der Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen in Kommission bei Julius Springer in Berlin, 1929, v. 12, pp. 1-9.]
  10. ^ Geotrans, 2010, Geographic translator, version 3.0, URL http://earth-info.nga.mil/GandG/geotrans/
  11. ^ Hofmann-Wellenhof, B and Moritz, H (2006 and 2005). 'Physical Geodesy (second edition)' ISBN-103211-33544-7.
  12. ^ Karney, Charles F. F. (2010). Transverse Mercator with an accuracy of a few nanometers. To be published in Computational Physics. Available as a preprint [4] with resource material at [5].
  13. ^ Krüger, Louis (1912). "Konforme Abbildung des Erdellipsoids in der Ebene". Deutsches GeoForschungsZentrum GFZ. doi:10.2312/GFZ.b103-krueger28. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  14. ^ Lambert, Johann Heinrich. 1772. Ammerkungen und Zusatze zurder Land und Himmelscharten Entwerfung. In Beyträge zum Gebrauche der Mathematik und deren Anwendung, part 3, section 6) name=wangerin>Albert Wangerin (Editor), 1894. Ostwald's Klassiker der exacten Wissenschaften (54). Published by Wilhelm Engelmann. This is Lambert's paper with additional comments by the editor. Available at the University of Michigan Historical Math Library.
  15. ^ Lee, L.P. (1976). Conformal Projections Based on Elliptic Functions. Supplement No. 1 to Canadian Cartographer, Vol 13. (Designated as Monograph 16). Toronto: Department of Geography, York University. A report of unpublished analytic formulae involving incomplete elliptic integrals obtained by E.H. Thompson in 1945. The article may be purchased from University of Toronto[6]. At the present time (2010) it is necessary to purchase several units in order to obtain the relevant pages: pp 1-14, 92-101 and 107-114.
  16. ^ Lee L P, (1946). Survey Review, Volume 8 (Part 58), pp 142-152. The transverse Mercator projection of the spheroid. (Errata and comments in Volume 8 (Part 61), pp 277–278.NAG WGS84 on the site of National Geodetic Survey
  17. ^ Legendre, Adrien-Marie (1787), Mémoire sur les opérations trigonométriques, dont les résultats dépendent de la figure de la Terre, p. 7-8 (Article  VI[7] {{citation}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  18. ^ Legendre, Adrien-Marie (1798), [[8] Méthode pour déterminer la longueur exacte du quart du méridien d'après les observations faites pour la mesure de l'arc compris entre Dunkerque et Barcelone], p. 12-14 (Note III[9]) {{citation}}: Check |url= value (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help) This article is included in the work of Delambre.
  19. ^ Maxima, 2009, A computer algebra system, version 5.20.1, URL http://maxima.sf.net.
  20. ^ Maling, Derek Hylton (1992), Coordinate Systems and Map Projections (second ed.), Pergamon Press, ISBN 0080372333.
  21. ^ Nádeník, Zbyněk, [[10] Legendre theorem on spherical triangles] {{citation}}: Check |url= value (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  22. ^ NELL (1874), Zur höherin Geodäsie, p. 324 {{citation}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help) Section A of this paper proves the Legendre theorem to the sixth order. (Page 329)
  23. ^ Isaac Newton:Principia Book III Proposition XIX Problem III, p. 407 in Andrew Motte translation, available on line at [11]
  24. ^ Olver, F. W.J.; Lozier, D.W.; Boisvert, R.F.; Clark, C.W., eds. (2010), NIST Handbook of Mathematical Functions, Cambridge University Press. Format for section is Section 4.23(viii) {{citation}}: External link in |postscript= (help)CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  25. ^ Osborne, Peter (2013), Spherical Trigonometry, p. 16. Appendix D of The Mercator Projections (Supplement: Latex code and figures) {{citation}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help); External link in |postscript= (help)CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  26. ^ Osborne, Peter (2013), The Mercator Projections, doi:10.5281/zenodo.35392. (Supplements: Maxima files and Latex code and figures) {{citation}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help); External link in |postscript= (help)CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  27. ^ A guide to coordinate systems in Great Britain. This is available as a pdf document at [12]]
  28. ^ Pearson, Henry (1831), A syllabus of plane and spherical trigonometry, Cambridge. Legendre's theorem is at Article 41, page103 [13]
  29. ^ K. E. Engsager and K. Poder, 2007, A highly accurate world wide algorithm for the transverse Mercator mapping (almost), in Proc. XXIII Intl. Cartographic Conf. (ICC2007), Moscow, p. 2.1.2.
  30. ^ Rapp, Richard H (1991), Geometric Geodesy, Part I
  31. ^ Redfearn, J C B (1948). Survey Review, Volume 9 (Part 69), pp 318-322, Transverse Mercator formulae.
  32. ^ Snyder, John P (1993), Flattening the Earth: Two Thousand Years of Map Projections, University of Chicago Press, ISBN 0-226-76747-7
  33. ^ Snyder, John P. (1987), Map Projections – A Working Manual. U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1395 (PDF), United States Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C.
  34. ^ Stuifbergen, N 2009, Wide zone transverse Mercator projection, Technical Report 262, Canadian Hydrographic Service, URL http://www.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/Library/337182.pdf.
  35. ^ Thomas, Paul D (1952). Conformal Projections in Geodesy and Cartography. Washington: U.S. Coast and Geodetic Survey Special Publication 251.
  36. ^ Tobler, Waldo R, Notes and Comments on the Composition of Terrestrial and Celestial Maps, 1972. University of Michigan Press
  37. ^ Torge, W (2001) Geodesy (3rd edition), published by de Gruyter, isbn=3-11-017072-8
  38. ^ Tropfke, Johannes (1903), [[14] Geschichte der Elementar-Mathematik (Volume 2).], Verlag von Veit, p. 295 {{citation}}: Check |url= value (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter: |1= (help)
  39. ^ J. W. Hager, J.F. Behensky, and B.W. Drew, 1989, The universal grids: Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM) and Universal Polar Stereographic (UPS), Technical Report TM 8358.2, Defense Mapping Agency, URL http://earth-info.nga.mil/GandG/ publications/tm8358.2/TM8358 2.pdf.
  40. ^ Vincenty (PDF)
  41. ^ Albert Wangerin (Editor), 1894. Ostwald's Klassiker der exacten Wissenschaften (54). Published by Wilhelm Engelmann. This is Lambert's paper with additional comments by the editor. Available at the University of Michigan Historical Math Library.
  42. ^ The WGS84 parameters are listed in the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency publication TR8350.2 page 3-1.