USCGC Anacapa (WPB-1335) is an Island-class cutter of the United States Coast Guard. She is based at Petersburg, Alaska and is responsible for law enforcement, search and rescue, and maritime defense.
.jpg) Anacapa in Glacier Bay, Alaska
| |
| History | |
|---|---|
 United States | |
| Name | USCGC Anacapa |
| Namesake | Anacapa Island, California |
| Launched | September 8, 1989 |
| Commissioned | January 13, 1990 |
| Homeport | Petersburg, Alaska |
| Identification |
|
| Status | Active in service |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | Island-class cutter |
| Displacement | 155 tons |
| Length | 110 ft (34 m) |
| Beam | 21 ft (6.4 m) |
| Draft | 7 ft (2.1 m) |
| Propulsion | Twin Paxman Valenta 16-CM RP-200M |
| Speed | 29.6 knots |
| Range | 3,380 miles |
| Endurance | 5 days |
| Complement | 2 officers, 14 enlisted |
| Armament |
|
Design and characteristics edit
The Island-class patrol boats, including Anacapa, were constructed in Bollinger Shipyards in Lockport, Louisiana. Their design is based on the British Vosper Thornycroft 33 metres (108 ft) patrol boats and have similar dimensions.[1] Anacapa has an overall length of 110 feet (34 m), a beam of 21 feet (6.4 m), and a draft of 7 feet (2.1 m) at full load. The patrol boat has a displacement of 155 tons at full load and 138 tons at half load. Anacapa was launched on September 8, 1989.[2] She was the 35th Island-class vessel completed.[3]
The Coast Guard purchased 49 Island-class cutters, and over the course of their construction made several modifications. The ships are grouped into A, B, and C classes depending on their design. Anacapa is a B-class ship and thus has heavier bow plating to prevent hull cracking in heavy seas, among other enhancements.[4]
Anacapa is powered two Paxman Valenta 16 CM Diesel engines which drive two 5-blade propellers. She has two 99 kilowatts (135 PS; 133 shp) Caterpillar 3304T diesel generators for electrical power. Her hull is constructed of high-strength steel, and her superstructure and main deck are constructed of aluminium.[5] Stern flaps were retrofitted to reduce hull friction, and increase speed and full efficiency.[4]Anacapa has active fin stabilizers to improve her seakeeping characteristics.[5]
The Island-class patrol boats have maximum sustained speeds of 29.6 knots (54.8 km/h; 34.1 mph). They are fitted with one 25mm machine gun and two Browning .50 Caliber Machine Gun. They are equipped with satellite navigation systems, collision avoidance systems, and surface radar. They have a range of 3,380 miles (2,940 nmi; 5,440 km) at 8 knots, and an at-sea endurance of five days.[5][6][4]
Anacapa carries one 18-foot rigid hull inflatable boat with seating for 8 crew.[7]
Anacapa's complement is 2 officers and 14 enlisted crew.[8]
Anacapa's namesake is Anacapa Island, one of the Channel Islands off the Southern California coast.
Operational history edit
The Anacapa has been homeported in Petersburg, Alaska for her entire career. She was commissioned there on January 13, 1990. She replaced USCGC Cape Hatteras at that station. Her primary missions are law enforcement, including safety and fisheries laws, search and rescue, and maritime defense operations.[3]
The ship's law enforcement duties have included policing the international border with Canada. The United States and Canada disagree on the location of the maritime border in Dixon Entrance. This led to a series of seizures of Canadian fishing boats by Anacapa in the disputed waters. Western Eagle was fishing 300 yards into U.S. waters when she was seized on July 15, 1991.[9] The troller Barbarella was seized 800 yards north of the border claimed by the U.S. on July 14, 1991.[10] A 1990 agreement between the two countries reduced fishing conflicts when it became effective in 1992.[11] Nonetheless, patrols of the disputed waters continued and on June 22, 1995 Anacapa seized the Canadian fishing vessel Chi Dona 300 yards north of the border.[12]
Anacapa also enforces fishing, safety, and other regulations on U.S.-flagged vessels. On August 11, 1993 a boarding party from Anacapa removed 15 illegal immigrants working aboard the fish processing ship Ocean Pride.[13] She conducts routine safety inspections of vessels in her patrol area. In the summer of 2018, for instance, Anacapa's boardings found three vessels in violation of various regulations.[14]
Anacapa's search and rescue missions frequently involve the sizable local fishing fleet. For example, on May 8, 1992 Anacapa towed the fishing vessel Justy back to Petersburg with a malfunctioning propeller shaft. The next day she towed the disabled fishing vessel Sirius to Petersburg with a bad oil pump.[15] In July 1996 Anacapa rescued the four-man crew of the capsized fishing vessel Baranof Queen.[16] While assisting the local fishing fleet may be the norm, Anacapa has responded on a wide range of search and rescue missions. For example, on January 20, 1990, a week after her commissioning, the Canadian tanker Frank H. Brown went aground in Wrangell Narrows and spilled 57,600 gallons of gasoline into the waterway.[17]
In December 2008 Anacapa sailed to the Coast Guard Yard in Curtis Bay, Maryland for a major renovation under the Mission Effectiveness Program.[18] The renovation was intended to extend the service life of the cutter. Significant portions of corroded hull plating, air-conditioning, water makers, and fire systems were replaced, and a number of major systems, including main engine control, were upgraded. The cost of the upgrade was between $7 and $9 million.[19][20]
On May 31, 2011, Lieutenant Matthias Wholley was relieved of command of the Anacapa six weeks ahead of schedule.[21] On June 30, 2011, the Coast Guard announced that an investigation had confirmed Wholley had been intoxicated while on duty. Wholley received a letter of reprimand, 60-day restriction, and forfeiture of half months pay for two months.[22]
On 5 April 2012, the Anacapa intercepted the derelict 165 ft Japanese squid fishing boat Ryou-Un Maru in the Gulf of Alaska 180 miles (290 km) off the coast of Southeast Alaska. It had been washed away from its mooring in Aomori Prefecture, Japan by the March 2011 Tōhoku earthquake and tsunami, and had drifted unmanned for more than a year across the Pacific Ocean. The Coast Guard concluded that it was safer to sink it deep water rather than let it continue to drift and possibly become a hazard to navigation or the environment. The Anacapa fired on the ghost ship with her Mk 38 25mm autocannon, holing it and eventually sinking it with fire hoses in approximately 1,800-metre (6,000 ft) of water.[23]
Anacapa has earned the Coast Guard Meritorious Unit Commendation and the Special Operations Service Ribbon.[24]
Replacement plans edit
As early as the mid-2000s the mechanical reliability of the aging Island-class ships became an issue.[7] The Coast Guard began retiring Island-class cutters in 2012, replacing them with Sentinel-class fast-response cutters.[6] The Coast Guard has indicated that it plans to replace Anacapa with a Marine Protector-Class coastal patrol boat rather than a fast response cutter.[25][26]
References edit
- ^ Department of Transportation and Related Agencies Appropriations for Fiscal Year 1989: Architectural and Transportation Barriers Compliance Board. Department of Transportation. General Accounting Office. Interstate Commerce Commission. Nondepartmental witnesses. Panama Canal Commission. Washington Metropolitan Area Transit Authority. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office. 1988. p. 520.
- ^ Fahey, James C. (2005). The Ships and Aircraft of the United States Fleet. Naval Institute Press. p. 587.
- ^ a b "Anacapa will be commissioned". Petersburg Pilot. January 11, 1990.
- ^ a b c "WPB 110' Island Class". Global Security.
- ^ a b c "USCG 110' "Island Class" Patrol Boats (WPB) | Bollinger Shipyards". www.bollingershipyards.com. Retrieved 2020-06-17.
- ^ a b The Cutters, Boats, and Aircraft of the U.S. Coast Guard (PDF). U.S. Coast Guard. 2018. pp. 142–143.
- ^ a b Legacy Vessels' Declining Conditions Reinforce Need for More Realistic Operational Targets (PDF). Washington, D.C.: GAO. 2012.
- ^ KFSK-Petersburg, Joe Viechnicki (2018-02-08). "Petersburg mayor expects loss of Coast Guard cutter in four years". KTOO. Retrieved 2020-06-20.
- ^ "Coast Guard nabs Canadian boat". Statesman Journal. July 17, 1991.
- ^ "Coast Guard Seizes Canadian Boat for fishing in Southeast". Daily Sitka Sentinel. July 15, 1991.
- ^ "AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AND THE GOVERNMENT OF CANADA ON FISHERIES ENFORCEMENT" (PDF). September 26, 1990.
- ^ "Vessel Seized In U.S. Waters". Daily Sitka Sentinel. June 23, 1995.
- ^ "Illegal Immigrants Removed". Petersburg Pilot. August 19, 1993.
- ^ Yang, LCDR Yvonne (2018). 17th Coast Guard District Enforcement Report (PDF). Juneau, Alaska: U.S. Coast Guard. pp. 23–24.
- ^ "U.S. Coast Guard rescues vessels in distress". May 14, 1992.
- ^ Thomson, Lori (July 6, 1995). "Failed autopilot topples seiner". Petersburg Pilot.
- ^ "Coast Guard might displayed after spill". Petersburg Pilot. January 25, 1990.
- ^ Monteith, Robert (December 18, 2008). "Coast Guard cutter leaves Petersburg for upgrades". Petersburg Pilot.
- ^ Department of Homeland Security Appropriations for 2010, Part 1B, 111-1 Hearings, *. 2009. p. 541.
- ^ ">COAST GUARD CUTTER ANACAPA DEPARTS THE CG YARDS AND BEGINS THEIR VOYAGE HOME « Coast Guard Alaska". alaska.coastguard.dodlive.mil. Retrieved 2020-06-20.
- ^ Chaplin, Keith (June 2, 2011). "Anacapa commanding officer temporarily relieved of duty Monday". Petersburg Pilot.
- ^ Chaplin, Keith (July 7, 2011). "Anacapa captain permanently relieved of duty for being intoxicated". Petersburg Pilot.
- ^ "Coast Guard cannon fire sinks Japanese ghost ship damaged in tsunami". New York Daily News. 6 April 2012. Archived from the original on 2017-07-05. Retrieved 23 July 2016.
- ^ Coast Guard Military Medals and Awards Manual (PDF). Washington, D.C.: U.S. Coast Guard. 2016.
- ^ Zukunft, Admiral Paul F. (2018). letter to Senator Dan Sullivan (PDF).
- ^ Pilot, Petersburg. "USCG 87-foot patrol vessel to be stationed here". Petersburg Pilot. Retrieved 2020-06-20.