Timeline of Beirut history
Coordinates: 33°53′13″N 35°30′47″E / 33.88694°N 35.51306°E The following is a timeline of the history of Beirut, Lebanon.
B.C. era
- 140 BC - City destroyed by Diodotus Tryphon.[1]
- 64 BC - Beirut conquered by Agrippa.
- 14 BC - During the reign of Herod the Great, Berytus became a colonia.
6th-8th centuries
- 551 - Earthquake.[1]
- 635 - Beirut passes into Arab control.[1]
- 759 - Prince Arslan bin al-Mundhir founds the Principality of Sin-el-Fil in Beirut.
12th century
↑Jump back a section18th-19th centuries
- 1763 - Ottomans reclaim the city.[1]
- 1853 - Grand Serail built.
- 1860 - Sursock House built.
- 1866 - Syrian Protestant College established.
- 1868 - Archaeological Museum of the American University of Beirut established.
- 1875
- Saint Joseph University founded.
- Thamarāt al-funūn newspaper begins publication.[2]
- 1877 - Lisān ḥāl newspaper begins publication.[2]
- 1883 - Hôtel-Dieu de France founded.
- 1888 - Beirut was made capital of a vilayet (governorate) in Syria,[37] including the sanjaks (prefectures) Latakia, Tripoli, Beirut, Acre and Bekaa.
- 1894
- Saint George Maronite Cathedral built.
- Harbor constructed.[1]
- 1895 - Railway completed "across the Lebanon to Damascus."[1]
- 1898 - Population: ca. 120.000[3]
20th century
- 1902 - al-Iqbāl newspaper begins publication.[2]
- 1907
- Railway to Aleppo completed.[1]
- René Moawad Garden established.
- 1916 - Place des Canons renamed Martyrs' Square.
- 1920 - Beirut Stock Exchange founded.
- 1921 - Beirut Traders Association founded.[4]
- 1924 - Al Joumhouria newspaper begins publication.
- 1925 - Maghen Abraham Synagogue built.
- 1927 - American Junior College for Women opens in Ras Beirut.
- 1933
- Parliament of Lebanon building erected.
- al-Nahār newspaper begins publication.[2]
- L'Orient newspaper begins publication.
- 1934 - Population: ca. 162,000 [5]
- 1936 - Kamel Abbas Hamieh takes office as Governor of Beirut.
- 1937
- Académie libanaise des beaux-arts founded.
- Ararad newspaper begins publication.
- Zartonk newspaper begins publication.
- 1938 - Al Akhbar newspaper begins publication.
- 1941 - Eastern Times newspaper begins publication.[2]
- 1942 - National Museum of Beirut opens.
- 1943 - Beirut becomes capital city of independent Lebanon.
- 1946 - Nicolas Rizk takes office as Governor of Beirut.
- 1950 - Population: 181,271 [6]
- 1951
- Lebanese University founded.
- Lycée Franco-Libanais Verdun founded.
- 1952
- George Assi takes office as Governor of Beirut.
- The Daily Star newspaper begins publication.
- 1954 - Beirut Rafic Hariri International Airport opens.
- 1956 - Bachour Haddad takes office as Governor of Beirut.
- 1957 - Camille Chamoun Sports City Stadium opens.
- 1959 - Philip Boulos takes office as Governor of Beirut.
- 1960
- Beirut Arab University established.
- Emile Yanni takes office as Governor of Beirut.
- 1961
- Sursock Museum opens.
- Phoenicia Beirut Hotel opens.
- 1964 - Saint Nicolas Garden opens.
- 1966 - Al Ahed football team established, headquartered in Beirut.
- 1967 - Chafik Abou Haydar takes office as Governor of Beirut.
- 1968 - "Israel raids Beirut airport."[7]
- 1970 - L'Orient Le Jour newspaper begins publication.
- 1974 - As-Safir newspaper begins publication.
- 1975 - Green Line established between mainly Muslim factions in West Beirut and the Christian Lebanese Front in East Beirut.
- 1976 - al-Murābiṭ newspaper begins publication.[2]
- 1977 - Mitri El Nammar takes office as Governor of Beirut.
- 1978 - Syrian siege of Achrafiyeh, the main Christian district of Beirut.
- 1982 - Israeli invasion.
- 1983 - French and US barracks bombed.
- 1987 - George Smaha takes office as Governor of Beirut.
- 1988 - Ad-Diyar newspaper begins publication.
- 1992 - Nayef Al Maaloof takes office as Governor of Beirut
- 1993 - B 018 nightclub opens.
- 1994 - Souk el-Tayeb farmer's market opens.[8]
- 1995 - Nicolas Saba takes office as Governor of Beirut
- 1997 - Camille Chamoun Sports City Stadium rebuilt.
- 1999
- Yaacoub Sarraf takes office as Governor of Beirut.
- Planet Discovery children's museum inaugurated.
- Lebanese National Symphony Orchestra founded.
- Al-Kafaàt University founded.
21st century
- 2000 - Museum of Lebanese Prehistory established.
- 2001 - Beirut International Exhibition & Leisure Center opens.
- 2003
- Music Hall opens.
- Al-Balad newspaper begins publication.
- 2005
- Cedar Revolution
- Nassif Kaloosh takes office as Governor of Beirut
- Ya Libnan news website launched.
- 2006
- 2007 - Mohammad Al-Amin Mosque built.
- 2008 - Platinum Tower built.
- 2009
- Beirut Art Center opens.
- Le Gray hotel opens.[8]
- 2010 - Four Seasons Hotel Beirut opens.[9]
- 2011
- Political protests
- Zaitunay Bay pedestrian area opens.[10]
- 2012
- Violent unrest related to Syrian uprising.
- Al-Mayadeen television begins broadcasting.[11]
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Beirut", The Encyclopaedia Britannica (11th ed.), New York: Encyclopaedia Britannica Co., 1910, OCLC 14782424
- ^ a b c d e f OCLC. "WorldCat". Retrieved June 11, 2012.
- ^ Palestine and Syria, Karl Baedeker, Leipzig, 1898
- ^ "Beirut Traders Association". Retrieved June 14, 2012.
- ^ Mittelmeer, Karl Baedeker, Leipzig, 1934
- ^ The Columbia Encyclopedia, CUP, New York, 1950
- ^ BBC News (May 21, 2012). "Chronology of Key Events". Lebanon Profile. Retrieved June 11, 2012.
- ^ a b M. Egan (March 28, 2010). "The Scene- Beirut". New York Times. Retrieved June 11, 2012.
- ^ S. Sherwood (April 29, 2010). "36 Hours in Beirut". New York Times. Retrieved June 11, 2012.
- ^ R. Doyle (February 17, 2012). "In Beirut, the Zaitunay Bay Promenade Opens". New York Times. Retrieved June 11, 2012.
- ^ Associated Press (June 11, 2012). "New pan-Arab satellite channel hopes to counter Al-Jazeera’s Arab Spring coverage". Washington Post. Retrieved June 11, 2012.
Further reading
- "Beyrout", Cook's Tourists' Handbook for Palestine and Syria, London: T. Cook & Son, 1876
- Karl Baedeker, ed. (1898), "Beirut", Handbook for Travellers in Syria and Palestine ... (3rd ed.), Leipsig: K. Baedeker
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