Tarsius is a genus of tarsiers, small primates native to islands of Southeast Asia. Until 2010, all tarsier species were typically assigned to this genus, but a revision of the family Tarsiidae restored the generic status of Cephalopachus and created a new genus Carlito.[1]
| Tarsius[1] Temporal range: Eocene to recent
| |
|---|---|
| |
| Spectral tarsier | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Primates |
| Suborder: | Haplorhini |
| Family: | Tarsiidae |
| Genus: | Tarsius Storr, 1780 |
| Type species | |
| Lemur tarsier Erxleben, 1777
| |
| Species | |
| |
| Distribution and range of Tarsius supriatnai and other tarsier species in Sulawesi, Indonesia: | |
All members of Tarsius are found on Sulawesi, while Cephalopachus is found on Sundaland and Carlito in Greater Mindanao.
Species edit
| Common name | Scientific name and subspecies | Range | Size and ecology | IUCN status and estimated population |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dian's tarsier
|
T. dentatus Miller & Hollister, 1921 |
Central Sulawesi, Indonesia
|
Size: 11–12 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 13–28 cm (5–11 in) tail[2][3] Habitat: Forest[4] Diet: Insects, as well as small vertebrates[2] |
VU
|
| Gursky's spectral tarsier
|
T. spectrumgurskyae Shekelle, Groves, Maryanto & Mittermeier, 2017 |
Northeastern Sulawesi (in purple)
|
Size: About 14 cm (6 in) long, plus 21–27 cm (8–11 in) tail[5] Habitat: Forest[6] Diet: Insects, as well as small vertebrates[6] |
VU
|
| Jatna's tarsier
|
T. supriatnai Shekelle, Groves, Maryanto & Mittermeier, 2017 |
Northern Sulawesi (in gray)
|
Size: About 14 cm (6 in) long, plus 23–25 cm (9–10 in) tail[5] Habitat: Forest[7] Diet: Insects, as well as small vertebrates[7] |
VU
|
| Lariang tarsier
|
T. lariang Groves & Merker, 2006 |
Central Sulawesi
|
Size: About 12 cm (5 in) long, plus 12–21 cm (5–8 in) tail[8] Habitat: Forest[9] Diet: Insects, as well as small vertebrates[9] |
DD
|
| Makassar tarsier
|
T. fuscus Fischer von Waldheim, 1804 |
Southern Sulawesi (in yellow)
|
Size: 12–13 cm (5 in) long, plus 24–26 cm (9–10 in) tail[10] Habitat: Forest and caves[11] Diet: Insects, as well as small vertebrates[10] |
VU
|
| Niemitz's tarsier
|
T. niemitzi Shekelle, Groves, Maryanto, Mittermeier, Salim & Springer, 2019 |
Northern Sulawesi (circled in black)
|
Size: About 14 cm (6 in) long, plus 24–26 cm (9–10 in) tail[12] Habitat: Forest[13] Diet: Insects, as well as small vertebrates[13] |
EN
|
| Peleng tarsier
|
T. pelengensis Sody, 1949 |
Eastern Sulawesi
|
Size: 12–14 cm (5–6 in) long, plus 25–27 cm (10–11 in) tail[14] Habitat: Forest[15] Diet: Insects, as well as frogs, lizards, and other small vertebrates[15] |
EN
|
| Pygmy tarsier
|
T. pumilus Miller, Hollister, 1921 |
Central Sulawesi
|
Size: 8–11 cm (3–4 in) long, plus 20–21 cm (8 in) tail[16][17] Habitat: Forest[18] Diet: Arthropods and insects, as well as small vertebrates[16] |
EN
|
| Sangihe tarsier
|
T. sangirensis Meyer, 1897 |
Sangir Island, southeastern Philippines
|
Size: 12–13 cm (5 in) long, plus about 30 cm (12 in) tail[19] Habitat: Forest and inland wetlands[20] Diet: Insects, as well as birds, lizards, and other small vertebrates[19] |
EN
|
| Siau Island tarsier
|
T. tumpara Shekelle, Groves, Merker & Supriatna, 2008 |
Siau Island, north of Sulawesi | Size: 10–15 cm (4–6 in) long, plus about 20 cm (8 in) tail[21] Habitat: Forest[22] Diet: Arthropods, as well as small vertebrates[22] |
CR
|
| Spectral tarsier
|
T. tarsier (Erxleben, 1777) |
Sulawesi
|
Size: 9–14 cm (4–6 in) long, plus 20–26 cm (8–10 in) tail[23] Habitat: Forest[24] Diet: Insects, as well as lizards, bats, and other small vertebrates[23] |
VU
|
| Wallace's tarsier
|
T. wallacei Merker, Driller, Dahruddin, Wirdateti, Sinaga, Perwitasari-Farajallah & Shekelle, 2010 |
Northern Sulawesi (in orange)
|
Size: 11–13 cm (4–5 in) long, plus 23–27 cm (9–11 in) tail[25] Habitat: Forest and inland wetlands[26] Diet: Insects, as well as small vertebrates[25] |
VU
|
As of 2018[update], Fossilworks also recognizes the following additional extinct species:[27]
- †Tarsius eocaenus Beard et al., 1994[28]
- †Tarsius sirindhornae Chaimanee et al., 2011[29]
References edit
- ^ a b Groves, C.; Shekelle, M. (2010). "The Genera and Species of Tarsiidae". International Journal of Primatology. 31 (6): 1071–1082. doi:10.1007/s10764-010-9443-1. S2CID 21220811.
- ^ a b Yang, Liubin (2007). "Tarsius dentatus". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Retrieved August 28, 2023.
- ^ Supriatna, p. 49
- ^ a b Shekelle, M. (2020). "Tarsius dentatus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T21489A17977790. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T21489A17977790.en.
- ^ a b Shekelle, M.; Groves, C. P.; Maryanto, I.; Mittermeier, R. A. (2017). "Two new tarsier species (Tarsiidae, Primates) and the biogeography of Sulawesi, Indonesia". Primate Conservation. 31: 61–69.
- ^ a b c Shekelle, M. (2020). "Tarsius spectrumgurskyae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T162336422A162336580. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T162336422A162336580.en.
- ^ a b c Shekelle, M. (2022) [errata version of 2020 assessment]. "Tarsius supriatnai". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T162336881A220971513. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T162336881A220971513.en.
- ^ Supriatna, p. 45
- ^ a b c Shekelle, M; Salim, M.; Merker, S. (2020). "Tarsius lariang". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T136319A17978130. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T136319A17978130.en.
- ^ a b Supriatna, pp. 40–41
- ^ a b Shekelle, M. (2020). "Tarsius fuscus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T162369593A162369616. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T162369593A162369616.en.
- ^ Shekelle, M.; Groves, C. P.; Maryanto, I/; Mittermeier, R. A.; Salim, A/; Springer, M/ S. (2019). "A new tarsier species from the Togean Islands of Central Sulawesi, Indonesia, with references to Wallacea and conservation on Sulawesi". Primate Conservation. 33: 1–9. S2CID 204801433.
- ^ a b c Shekelle, M. (2020). "Tarsius niemitzi". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T162337005A171341769. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T162337005A171341769.en.
- ^ Supriatna, p. 53
- ^ a b c Shekelle, M. (2020). "Tarsius pelengensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T21494A17977515. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T21494A17977515.en.
- ^ a b Ford, Trevor (2011). "Tarsius pumilus". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Retrieved August 28, 2023.
- ^ Supriatna, pp. 42–43
- ^ a b Shekelle, M; Salim, A. (2020). "Tarsius pumilus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T21490A17977980. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T21490A17977980.en.
- ^ a b Minich, Miriam (2017). "Tarsius sangirensis". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Retrieved August 28, 2023.
- ^ a b Shekelle, M. (2020). "Tarsius sangirensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T21493A17977351. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T21493A17977351.en.
- ^ Downey, Kathleen (March 2019). "Siau Island Tarsier, Tarsius tumpara". New England Primate Conservancy. Retrieved September 20, 2023.
- ^ a b c Shekelle, M; Salim, A. (2020). "Tarsius tumpara". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T179234A17977202. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T179234A17977202.en.
- ^ a b Mogk, Kenzie (2012). "Tarsius tarsier". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Retrieved August 28, 2023.
- ^ a b Shekelle, M. (2020). "Tarsius tarsier". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T162369551A17978304. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T162369551A17978304.en.
- ^ a b Supriatna, pp. 47–48
- ^ a b Merker, S.; Shekelle, M. (2020). "Tarsius wallacei". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T195277A17977659. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2020-3.RLTS.T195277A17977659.en.
- ^ "Tarsius Storr 1780 (tarsier)". Fossilworks. Gateway to the Paleobiology Database. Retrieved 24 November 2018.
- ^ Beard, K. Christopher; Qi, Tao; Dawson, Mary R.; Wang, Banyue; Li, Chuankuei (1994). "A diverse new primate fauna from middle Eocene fissure-fillings in southeastern China". Nature. 368 (6472): 607. Bibcode:1994Natur.368..604B. doi:10.1038/368604a0. PMID 8145845. S2CID 2471330.
- ^ Chaimanee, Y.; Lebrun, R.; Yamee, C.; Jaeger, J.-J. (2010). "A new Middle Miocene tarsier from Thailand and the reconstruction of its orbital morphology using a geometric-morphometric method". Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 278 (1714): 1956–1963. doi:10.1098/rspb.2010.2062. PMC 3107645. PMID 21123264.
Sources edit
- Groves, Colin P. (2005). Wilson, Don E.; Reeder, DeeAnn M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World. Vol. 1 (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0.
- Supriatna, Jatna (2022). Field Guide to the Primates of Indonesia. Springer Nature. ISBN 978-3-03-083206-3.
External links edit
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