Serpulidae
| Serpulidae Temporal range: 240–0Ma[1] Triassic - present |
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| Spirobranchus giganteus is a species of tubeworm belonging to the Serpulidae family. Note the yellowish cartilaginous operculum extending from the branchial stalk. | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Subkingdom: | Eumetazoa |
| Phylum: | Annelida |
| Class: | Polychaeta |
| Subclass: | Palpata |
| Order: | Canalipalpata |
| Suborder: | Sabellida |
| Family: | Serpulidae Johnston, 1865 |
| Genera | |
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see text. |
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Serpulidae is a family of sessile, tube-building annelid worms in the class Polychaeta. The members of this family differ from the sabellid tube worms in that they have a specialized operculum that blocks the entrance of their tubes when they withdraw into the tubes. In addition, serpulids secrete tubes of calcium carbonate. Serpulids are most important biomineralizers among annelids. There are about 300 known species in the Serpulidae family, all but one of which live in saline waters. The earliest serpulids are known from the Middle Triassic.[1]
The blood of most species of serpulid and sabellid worms contains the oxygen-binding pigment chlorocruorin. This is used to transport oxygen to the tissues. It has an affinity for carbon monoxide which is 570 times as strong as that of the haemoglobin found in human blood.[2]
Empty serpulid shells can sometimes be confused with the shells of a family of marine gastropod mollusks, the Vermetidae. The most obvious difference is that serpulid shells are dull inside, whereas the molluscan vermetid shells are shiny inside.
Selected genera
- Amplaria Knight-Jones, 1973
- Anomalorbis Vine, 1972
- Apomatus Philippi, 1844
- Bushiella Knight-Jones, 1973
- Capeospira Pillai, 1970
- Chitinopoma Levinsen, 1884
- Circeis Saint-Joseph, 1894
- Crucigera Benedict, 1887
- Dexiospira Caullery and Mesnil, 1897
- Dextralia Knight-Jones, 1973
- Ditrupa Berkeley, 1835
- Eulaeospira Pillai, 1970
- Ficopomatus Sauthern, 1921
- Filograna Oken, 1815
- Filogranella Ben-Eliahu and Dafni, 1979
- Filogranula Langerhans, 1884
- Galeolaria Lamarck, J.B. de (1818)
- Hyalopotamus Marenzeller, 1878
- Hydroides Gunnerus, 1768
- Janua Saint-Joseph, 1894
- Josephella Caullery and Mesnil, 1896
- Leodora Saint-Joseph, 1894
- Metavermilia Bush, 1904
- Neodexiospira Pillai, 1970
- Neovermila Day, 1961
- Nidificaria
- Paradexiospira Caullery and Mesnil, 1897
- Paralaeospira Caullery and Mesnil, 1897
- Pileolaria Claparede, 1870
- Placostegus Philippi, 1844
- Pomatoceros Philippi, 1844
- Pomatoleios Pixell, 1912
- Pomatostegus Schmarda, 1861
- Protolaeospira Pixell, 1912
- Protula Risso, 1826
- Pseudochitinopoma Zibrowius, 1969
- Pseudovermilia Bush, 1907
- Salmacina Claparede, 1870
- Semivermila Imajima, 1978
- Serpula Linnaeus, 1767 Type genus.
- Simplicaria Knight-Jones, 1973
- Spirobranchus Blainville, 1818 The Christmas-tree worms.
- Spirorbis Daudin, 1800
- Vermiliopsis Saint-Joseph, 1894
- Vinearia
Bibliography
- "Serpulidae". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 25 June 2008.
- Ruppert, Edward E.; Richard S. Fox and Robert D. Barnes (2004). Invertebrate Zoology: A Functional Evolutionary Approach, (7th edition ed.). Belmont, CA: Brooks/Cole - Thomson Learning Inc. p. 963. ISBN 0-03-025982-7.
- R. Tucker Abbott, 1986. Seashells of North America, St. Martin's Press, New York
References
- ^ a b Vinn, O.; Mutvei, H. (2009). "Calcareous tubeworms of the Phanerozoic". Estonian Journal of Earth Sciences 58 (4): 286–296. Retrieved 2012-09-16.
- ^ Serpula vermicularis Linnaeus, 1767 Walla Walla University. Retrieved 2011-10-31.
ten Hove, H.A., and van den Hurk, P., 1993, A review of Recent and fossil serpulid "reefs"; actuopalaeontology and the "upper Malm" serpulid limestones in NW Germany: Geologie en Mijnbouw. Netherlands Journal of Geosciences, v. 72, no. 1, p. 23-67.
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