Wikipedia

Script (Unicode)

This article is about writing systems found in Unicode. For the "Script" style of Latin letters in Unicode, see Mathematical Alphanumeric Symbols and Script typeface.
‎ ‎ ᓃ‎ ‎ ⠿‎
‎ ‎ አ‎ 文‎ あ‎
ꦏ‎ ‎ ‎ ‎ ழ்‎
‎ ع‎‎ ש‎‎ Д‎ A‎

In Unicode, a script is a collection of letters and other written signs used to represent textual information in one or more writing systems.[1] Some scripts support one and only one writing system and language, for example, Armenian. Other scripts support many different writing systems; for example, the Latin script supports English, French, German, Italian, Vietnamese, Latin itself, and several other languages. Some languages make use of multiple alternate writing systems and thus also use several scripts; for example, in Turkish, the Arabic script was used before the 20th century but transitioned to Latin in the early part of the 20th century. More or less complementary to scripts are symbols and Unicode control characters.

The unified diacritical characters and unified punctuation characters frequently have the "common" or "inherited" script property. However, the individual scripts often have their own punctuation and diacritics, so that many scripts include not only letters but also diacritic and other marks, punctuation, numerals and even their own idiosyncratic symbols and space characters.

Unicode 15.1 defines 161 separate scripts, including 94 modern scripts and 67 ancient or historic scripts.[2][3] More scripts are in the process for encoding or have been tentatively allocated for encoding in roadmaps.[4]

Definition and classification edit

When multiple languages make use of the same script, there are frequently some differences, particularly in diacritics and other marks. For example, Swedish and English both use the Latin script. However, Swedish includes the character å (sometimes called a Swedish O), while English has no such character. Nor does English make use of the diacritic combining ring above for any character. In general, the languages sharing the same scripts share many of the same characters. Despite these peripheral differences in the Swedish and English writing systems, they are said to use the same Latin script. Thus, the Unicode abstraction of scripts is a basic organizing technique. The differences among different alphabets or writing systems remain and are supported through Unicode’s flexible scripts, combining marks and collation algorithms.

Script versus writing system edit

Writing system is sometimes treated as a synonym for "script". However, it also can be used as the specific concrete writing system supported by a script. For example, the Vietnamese writing system is supported by the Latin script. A writing system may also cover more than one script; for example, the Japanese writing system makes use of the Han, Hiragana and Katakana scripts.

Most writing systems can be broadly divided into several categories: logographic, syllabic, alphabetic (or segmental), abugida, abjad and featural; however, all features of any of these may be found in any given writing system in varying proportions, often making it difficult to purely categorize a system. The term complex system is sometimes used to describe those where the admixture makes classification problematic.

Unicode supports all of these types of writing systems through its numerous scripts. Unicode also adds further properties to characters to help differentiate the various characters and the ways they behave within Unicode text-processing algorithms.

Special script property values edit

In addition to explicit or specific script properties, Unicode uses three special values:[5]

Common
Unicode can assign a character in the UCS to a single script only. However, many characters—those that are not part of a formal natural-language writing system or are unified across many writing systems—may be used in more than one script (for example, currency signs, symbols, numerals and punctuation marks). In these cases Unicode defines them as belonging to the "common" script (ISO 15924 code "Zyyy").
Inherited
Many diacritics and non-spacing combining characters may be applied to characters from more than one script. In these cases Unicode assigns them to the "inherited" script (ISO 15924 code Zinh), which means that they have the same script class as the base character with which they combine, and so in different contexts they may be treated as belonging to different scripts. For example, U+0308  ̈  COMBINING DIAERESIS may combine either with U+0065 e LATIN SMALL LETTER E to create a Latin ë or with U+0435 е CYRILLIC SMALL LETTER IE for the Cyrillic ё. In the former case, it inherits the Latin script of the base character, whereas in the latter case, it inherits the Cyrillic script of the base character.
Unknown
The value of "unknown" script (ISO 15924 code Zzzz) is given to unassigned, private-use, noncharacter, and surrogate code points.

Character categories within scripts edit

Unicode provides a general category property for each character. So in addition to belonging to a script every character also has a general category. Typically scripts include letter characters including: uppercase letters, lowercase letter and modifier letters. Some characters are considered titlecase letters for a few precomposed ligatures such as Dz (U+01F2). Such titlecase ligatures are all in the Latin and Greek scripts and are all compatibility characters, and therefore Unicode discourages their use by authors. It is unlikely that new titlecase letters will be added in the future.

Most writing systems do not differentiate between uppercase and lowercase letters. For those scripts all letters are categorized as "other letter" or "modifier letter". Ideographs such as Unihan ideographs are also categorized as "other letters". A few scripts do differentiate between uppercase and lowercase however: Latin, Cyrillic, Greek, Armenian, Georgian, and Deseret. Even for these scripts there are some letters that are neither uppercase nor lowercase.

Scripts can also contain any other general category character such as marks (diacritic and otherwise), numbers (numerals), punctuation, separators (word separators such as spaces), symbols and non-graphical format characters. These are included in a particular script when they are unique to that script. Other such characters are generally unified and included in the punctuation or diacritic blocks. However, the bulk of characters in any script (other than the common and inherited scripts) are letters.

List of scripts in Unicode edit

Unicode defines over a hundred script names (called "Alias" or "Property value alias"), based on the ISO 15924 list. Unicode uses the "Common" script name for ISO 15924's Zyyy (code for undetermined script), "Inherited" for ISO 15924's Zinh (code for inherited script), and "Unknown" for ISO 15924's Zzzz (code for uncoded script). Not used are, among others, the ISO 15924 script codes: Zsym (Symbols) and Zmth (Mathematical notation). These are considered not to be scripts in Unicode sense.

Scripts in ISO 15924[a][b] and in Unicode[c][d]
ISO 15924 Script in Unicode[e]
Code ISO number ISO formal name Directionality Unicode Alias[f] Version Characters Notes Description
Adlm 166 Adlam right-to-left script   Adlam 9.0 88 Ch 19.9
Afak 439 Afaka varies ZZ— Not in Unicode, proposal is explored[i]
Aghb 239 Caucasian Albanian left-to-right   Caucasian Albanian 7.0 53 Ancient/historic Ch 8.11
Ahom 338 Ahom, Tai Ahom left-to-right   Ahom 8.0 65 Ancient/historic Ch 15.16
Arab 160 Arabic right-to-left script   Arabic 1.0 1,368 Ch 9.2
Aran 161 Arabic (Nastaliq variant) mixed ZZ— Typographic variant of Arabic (see § Arab)
Armi 124 Imperial Aramaic right-to-left script   Imperial Aramaic 5.2 31 Ancient/historic Ch 10.4
Armn 230 Armenian left-to-right   Armenian 1.0 96 Ch 7.6
Avst 134 Avestan right-to-left script   Avestan 5.2 61 Ancient/historic Ch 10.7
Bali 360 Balinese left-to-right   Balinese 5.0 124 Ch 17.3
Bamu 435 Bamum left-to-right   Bamum 5.2 657 Ch 19.6
Bass 259 Bassa Vah left-to-right   Bassa Vah 7.0 36 Ancient/historic Ch 19.7
Batk 365 Batak left-to-right   Batak 6.0 56 Ch 17.6
Beng 325 Bengali (Bangla) left-to-right   Bengali 1.0 96 Ch 12.2
Bhks 334 Bhaiksuki left-to-right   Bhaiksuki 9.0 97 Ancient/historic Ch 14.3
Blis 550 Blissymbols varies ZZ— Not in Unicode, proposal is explored[i]
Bopo 285 Bopomofo left-to-right, right-to-left script   Bopomofo 1.0 77 Ch 18.3
Brah 300 Brahmi left-to-right   Brahmi 6.0 115 Ancient/historic Ch 14.1
Brai 570 Braille left-to-right   Braille 3.0 256 Ch 21.1
Bugi 367 Buginese left-to-right   Buginese 4.1 30 Ch 17.2
Buhd 372 Buhid left-to-right   Buhid 3.2 20 Ch 17.1
Cakm 349 Chakma left-to-right   Chakma 6.1 71 Ch 13.11
Cans 440 Unified Canadian Aboriginal Syllabics left-to-right   Canadian Aboriginal 3.0 726 Ch 20.2
Cari 201 Carian left-to-right, right-to-left script   Carian 5.1 49 Ancient/historic Ch 8.5
Cham 358 Cham left-to-right   Cham 5.1 83 Ch 16.10
Cher 445 Cherokee left-to-right   Cherokee 3.0 172 Ch 20.1
Chis 298 Chisoi left-to-right ZZ— Not in Unicode, proposal is mature[ii]
Chrs 109 Chorasmian right-to-left script, top-to-bottom   Chorasmian 13.0 28 Ancient/historic Ch 10.8
Cirt 291 Cirth varies ZZ— Not in Unicode
Copt 204 Coptic left-to-right   Coptic 1.0 137 Ancient/historic, disunified from Greek in 4.1 Ch 7.3
Cpmn 402 Cypro-Minoan left-to-right Cypro Minoan 14.0 99 Ancient/historic Ch 8.4
Cprt 403 Cypriot syllabary right-to-left script   Cypriot 4.0 55 Ancient/historic Ch 8.3
Cyrl 220 Cyrillic left-to-right   Cyrillic 1.0 506 Includes typographic variant Old Church Slavonic (see § Cyrs) Ch 7.4
Cyrs 221 Cyrillic (Old Church Slavonic variant) varies ZZ— Typographic variant of Cyrillic (see § Cyrl); Ancient/historic
Deva 315 Devanagari (Nagari) left-to-right   Devanagari 1.0 164 Ch 12.1
Diak 342 Dives Akuru left-to-right   Dives Akuru 13.0 72 Ancient/historic Ch 15.15
Dogr 328 Dogra left-to-right   Dogra 11.0 60 Ancient/historic Ch 15.18
Dsrt 250 Deseret (Mormon) left-to-right   Deseret 3.1 80 Ch 20.4
Dupl 755 Duployan shorthand, Duployan stenography left-to-right   Duployan 7.0 143 Ch 21.6
Egyd 070 Egyptian demotic mixed ZZ— Not in Unicode
Egyh 060 Egyptian hieratic mixed ZZ— Not in Unicode
Egyp 050 Egyptian hieroglyphs right-to-left script, left-to-right   Egyptian Hieroglyphs 5.2 1,110 Ancient/historic Ch 11.4
Elba 226 Elbasan left-to-right   Elbasan 7.0 40 Ancient/historic Ch 8.10
Elym 128 Elymaic right-to-left script   Elymaic 12.0 23 Ancient/historic Ch 10.9
Ethi 430 Ethiopic (Geʻez) left-to-right   Ethiopic 3.0 523 Ch 19.1
Gara 164 Garay right-to-left ZZ— Not in Unicode, approved for version 16.0[iii]
Geok 241 Khutsuri (Asomtavruli and Nuskhuri) left-to-right   Georgian Unicode groups Khutsori, Asomtavruli and Nuskhuri into 'Georgian' (see § Geok). Similarly, Mkhedruli and Mtavruli are 'Georgian' (see § Geor) Ch 7.7
Geor 240 Georgian (Mkhedruli and Mtavruli) left-to-right   Georgian 1.0 173 In Unicode this also includes Nuskhuri (Geok) Ch 7.7
Glag 225 Glagolitic left-to-right   Glagolitic 4.1 134 Ancient/historic Ch 7.5
Gong 312 Gunjala Gondi left-to-right   Gunjala Gondi 11.0 63 Ch 13.15
Gonm 313 Masaram Gondi left-to-right   Masaram Gondi 10.0 75 Ch 13.14
Goth 206 Gothic left-to-right   Gothic 3.1 27 Ancient/historic Ch 8.9
Gran 343 Grantha left-to-right   Grantha 7.0 85 Ancient/historic Ch 15.14
Grek 200 Greek left-to-right   Greek 1.0 518 Directionality sometimes as boustrophedon Ch 7.2
Gujr 320 Gujarati left-to-right   Gujarati 1.0 91 Ch 12.4
Gukh 397 Gurung Khema left-to-right ZZ— Not in Unicode, approved for version 16.0[iii]
Guru 310 Gurmukhi left-to-right   Gurmukhi 1.0 80 Ch 12.3
Hanb 503 Han with Bopomofo (alias for Han + Bopomofo) mixed ZZ— See § Hani, § Bopo
Hang 286 Hangul (Hangŭl, Hangeul) left-to-right, vertical right-to-left   Hangul 1.0 11,739 Hangul syllables relocated in 2.0 Ch 18.6
Hani 500 Han (Hanzi, Kanji, Hanja) top-to-bottom, columns right-to-left (historically) Han 1.0 99,030 Ch 18.1
Hano 371 Hanunoo (Hanunóo) left-to-right, bottom-to-top   Hanunoo 3.2 21 Ch 17.1
Hans 501 Han (Simplified variant) varies ZZ— Subset of Han (Hanzi, Kanji, Hanja) (see § Hani)
Hant 502 Han (Traditional variant) varies ZZ— Subset of § Hani
Hatr 127 Hatran right-to-left script   Hatran 8.0 26 Ancient/historic Ch 10.12
Hebr 125 Hebrew right-to-left script   Hebrew 1.0 134 Ch 9.1
Hira 410 Hiragana vertical right-to-left, left-to-right   Hiragana 1.0 381 Ch 18.4
Hluw 080 Anatolian Hieroglyphs (Luwian Hieroglyphs, Hittite Hieroglyphs) left-to-right   Anatolian Hieroglyphs 8.0 583 Ancient/historic Ch 11.6
Hmng 450 Pahawh Hmong left-to-right   Pahawh Hmong 7.0 127 Ch 16.11
Hmnp 451 Nyiakeng Puachue Hmong left-to-right   Nyiakeng Puachue Hmong 12.0 71 Ch 16.12
Hrkt 412 Japanese syllabaries (alias for Hiragana + Katakana) vertical right-to-left, left-to-right   Katakana or Hiragana See § Hira, § Kana Ch 18.4
Hung 176 Old Hungarian (Hungarian Runic) right-to-left script   Old Hungarian 8.0 108 Ancient/historic Ch 8.8
Inds 610 Indus (Harappan) mixed ZZ— Not in Unicode, proposal is explored[i]
Ital 210 Old Italic (Etruscan, Oscan, etc.) right-to-left script, left-to-right   Old Italic 3.1 39 Ancient/historic Ch 8.6
Jamo 284 Jamo (alias for Jamo subset of Hangul) varies ZZ— Subset of § Hang
Java 361 Javanese left-to-right   Javanese 5.2 90 Ch 17.4
Jpan 413 Japanese (alias for Han + Hiragana + Katakana) varies ZZ— See § Hani, § Hira and § Kana
Jurc 510 Jurchen left-to-right ZZ— Not in Unicode
Kali 357 Kayah Li left-to-right   Kayah Li 5.1 47 Ch 16.9
Kana 411 Katakana vertical right-to-left, left-to-right   Katakana 1.0 321 Ch 18.4
Kawi 368 Kawi left-to-right   Kawi 15.0 86 Ancient/historic Ch 17.9
Khar 305 Kharoshthi right-to-left script   Kharoshthi 4.1 68 Ancient/historic Ch 14.2
Khmr 355 Khmer left-to-right   Khmer 3.0 146 Ch 16.4
Khoj 322 Khojki left-to-right   Khojki 7.0 65 Ancient/historic Ch 15.7
Kitl 505 Khitan large script left-to-right ZZ— Not in Unicode
Kits 288 Khitan small script vertical right-to-left   Khitan Small Script 13.0 471 Ancient/historic Ch 18.12
Knda 345 Kannada left-to-right   Kannada 1.0 91 Ch 12.8
Kore 287 Korean (alias for Hangul + Han) left-to-right ZZ— See § Hani, § Hang
Kpel 436 Kpelle left-to-right ZZ— Not in Unicode, proposal is explored[i]
Krai 396 Kirat Rai left-to-right ZZ— Not in Unicode, approved for version 16.0[iii]
Kthi 317 Kaithi left-to-right   Kaithi 5.2 68 Ancient/historic Ch 15.2
Lana 351 Tai Tham (Lanna) left-to-right   Tai Tham 5.2 127 Ch 16.7
Laoo 356 Lao left-to-right   Lao 1.0 83 Ch 16.2
Latf 217 Latin (Fraktur variant) varies ZZ— Typographic variant of Latin (see § Latn)
Latg 216 Latin (Gaelic variant) left-to-right ZZ— Typographic variant of Latin (see § Latn)
Latn 215 Latin left-to-right   Latin 1.0 1,481 See also: Latin script in Unicode Ch 7.1
Leke 364 Leke left-to-right ZZ— Not in Unicode
Lepc 335 Lepcha (Róng) left-to-right   Lepcha 5.1 74 Ch 13.12
Limb 336 Limbu left-to-right   Limbu 4.0 68 Ch 13.6
Lina 400 Linear A left-to-right   Linear A 7.0 341 Ancient/historic Ch 8.1
Linb 401 Linear B left-to-right   Linear B 4.0 211 Ancient/historic Ch 8.2
Lisu 399 Lisu (Fraser) left-to-right   Lisu 5.2 49 Ch 18.9
Loma 437 Loma left-to-right ZZ— Not in Unicode, proposal is explored[i]
Lyci 202 Lycian left-to-right   Lycian 5.1 29 Ancient/historic Ch 8.5
Lydi 116 Lydian right-to-left script   Lydian 5.1 27 Ancient/historic Ch 8.5
Mahj 314 Mahajani left-to-right   Mahajani 7.0 39 Ancient/historic Ch 15.6
Maka 366 Makasar left-to-right   Makasar 11.0 25 Ancient/historic Ch 17.8
Mand 140 Mandaic, Mandaean right-to-left script   Mandaic 6.0 29 Ch 9.5
Mani 139 Manichaean right-to-left script   Manichaean 7.0 51 Ancient/historic Ch 10.5
Marc 332 Marchen left-to-right   Marchen 9.0 68 Ancient/historic Ch 14.5
Maya 090 Mayan hieroglyphs mixed ZZ— Not in Unicode
Medf 265 Medefaidrin (Oberi Okaime, Oberi Ɔkaimɛ) left-to-right   Medefaidrin 11.0 91 Ch 19.10
Mend 438 Mende Kikakui right-to-left script   Mende Kikakui 7.0 213 Ch 19.8
Merc 101 Meroitic Cursive right-to-left script   Meroitic Cursive 6.1 90 Ancient/historic Ch 11.5
Mero 100 Meroitic Hieroglyphs right-to-left script   Meroitic Hieroglyphs 6.1 32 Ancient/historic Ch 11.5
Mlym 347 Malayalam left-to-right   Malayalam 1.0 118 Ch 12.9
Modi 324 Modi, Moḍī left-to-right   Modi 7.0 79 Ancient/historic Ch 15.12
Mong 145 Mongolian vertical left-to-right, left-to-right   Mongolian 3.0 168 Mong includes Clear and Manchu scripts Ch 13.5
Moon 218 Moon (Moon code, Moon script, Moon type) mixed ZZ— Not in Unicode, proposal is explored[i]
Mroo 264 Mro, Mru left-to-right   Mro 7.0 43 Ch 13.8
Mtei 337 Meitei Mayek (Meithei, Meetei) left-to-right   Meetei Mayek 5.2 79 Ch 13.7
Mult 323 Multani left-to-right   Multani 8.0 38 Ancient/historic Ch 15.10
Mymr 350 Myanmar (Burmese) left-to-right   Myanmar 3.0 223 Ch 16.3
Nagm 295 Nag Mundari left-to-right   Nag Mundari 15.0 42
Nand 311 Nandinagari left-to-right   Nandinagari 12.0 65 Ancient/historic Ch 15.13
Narb 106 Old North Arabian (Ancient North Arabian) right-to-left script   Old North Arabian 7.0 32 Ancient/historic Ch 10.1
Nbat 159 Nabataean right-to-left script   Nabataean 7.0 40 Ancient/historic Ch 10.10
Newa 333 Newa, Newar, Newari, Nepāla lipi left-to-right   Newa 9.0 97 Ch 13.3
Nkdb 085 Naxi Dongba (na²¹ɕi³³ to³³ba²¹, Nakhi Tomba) left-to-right ZZ— Not in Unicode
Nkgb 420 Naxi Geba (na²¹ɕi³³ gʌ²¹ba²¹, 'Na-'Khi ²Ggŏ-¹baw, Nakhi Geba) left-to-right ZZ— Not in Unicode, proposal is explored[i]
Nkoo 165 N’Ko right-to-left script   NKo 5.0 62 Ch 19.4
Nshu 499 Nüshu vertical right-to-left   Nushu 10.0 397 Ch 18.8
Ogam 212 Ogham bottom-to-top, left-to-right   Ogham 3.0 29 Ancient/historic Ch 8.14
Olck 261 Ol Chiki (Ol Cemet’, Ol, Santali) left-to-right   Ol Chiki 5.1 48 Ch 13.10
Onao 296 Ol Onal left-to-right ZZ— Not in Unicode, approved for version 16.0[iii]
Orkh 175 Old Turkic, Orkhon Runic right-to-left script   Old Turkic 5.2 73 Ancient/historic Ch 14.8
Orya 327 Oriya (Odia) left-to-right   Oriya 1.0 91 Ch 12.5
Osge 219 Osage left-to-right   Osage 9.0 72 Ch 20.3
Osma 260 Osmanya left-to-right   Osmanya 4.0 40 Ch 19.2
Ougr 143 Old Uyghur mixed Old Uyghur 14.0 26 Ancient/historic Ch 14.11
Palm 126 Palmyrene right-to-left script   Palmyrene 7.0 32 Ancient/historic Ch 10.11
Pauc 263 Pau Cin Hau left-to-right   Pau Cin Hau 7.0 57 Ch 16.13
Pcun 015 Proto-Cuneiform left-to-right ZZ— Not in Unicode
Pelm 016 Proto-Elamite left-to-right ZZ— Not in Unicode
Perm 227 Old Permic left-to-right   Old Permic 7.0 43 Ancient/historic Ch 8.13
Phag 331 Phags-pa vertical left-to-right   Phags-pa 5.0 56 Ancient/historic Ch 14.4
Phli 131 Inscriptional Pahlavi right-to-left script   Inscriptional Pahlavi 5.2 27 Ancient/historic Ch 10.6
Phlp 132 Psalter Pahlavi right-to-left script   Psalter Pahlavi 7.0 29 Ancient/historic Ch 10.6
Phlv 133 Book Pahlavi mixed ZZ— Not in Unicode
Phnx 115 Phoenician right-to-left script   Phoenician 5.0 29 Ancient/historic[g] Ch 10.3
Piqd 293 Klingon (KLI pIqaD) left-to-right   ZZ— Rejected for inclusion in Unicode[iv][v]
Plrd 282 Miao (Pollard) left-to-right   Miao 6.1 149 Ch 18.10
Prti 130 Inscriptional Parthian right-to-left script   Inscriptional Parthian 5.2 30 Ancient/historic Ch 10.6
Psin 103 Proto-Sinaitic mixed ZZ— Not in Unicode
Qaaa-Qabx 900-949 Reserved for private use (range) ZZ— Not in Unicode
Ranj 303 Ranjana left-to-right ZZ— Not in Unicode
Rjng 363 Rejang (Redjang, Kaganga) left-to-right   Rejang 5.1 37 Ch 17.5
Rohg 167 Hanifi Rohingya right-to-left script   Hanifi Rohingya 11.0 50 Ch 16.14
Roro 620 Rongorongo mixed ZZ— Not in Unicode, proposal is explored[i]
Runr 211 Runic left-to-right, boustrophedon   Runic 3.0 86 Ancient/historic Ch 8.7
Samr 123 Samaritan right-to-left script, top-to-bottom   Samaritan 5.2 61 Ch 9.4
Sara 292 Sarati mixed ZZ— Not in Unicode
Sarb 105 Old South Arabian right-to-left script   Old South Arabian 5.2 32 Ancient/historic Ch 10.2
Saur 344 Saurashtra left-to-right   Saurashtra 5.1 82 Ch 13.13
Sgnw 095 SignWriting vertical left-to-right   SignWriting 8.0 672 Ch 21.7
Shaw 281 Shavian (Shaw) left-to-right   Shavian 4.0 48 Ch 8.15
Shrd 319 Sharada, Śāradā left-to-right   Sharada 6.1 96 Ch 15.3
Shui 530 Shuishu left-to-right ZZ— Not in Unicode
Sidd 302 Siddham, Siddhaṃ, Siddhamātṛkā left-to-right   Siddham 7.0 92 Ancient/historic Ch 15.5
Sidt 180 Sidetic right-to-left ZZ— Not in Unicode, proposal is mature[ii]
Sind 318 Khudawadi, Sindhi left-to-right   Khudawadi 7.0 69 Ch 15.9
Sinh 348 Sinhala left-to-right   Sinhala 3.0 111 Ch 13.2
Sogd 141 Sogdian horizontal and vertical writing in East Asian scripts, top-to-bottom   Sogdian 11.0 42 Ancient/historic Ch 14.10
Sogo 142 Old Sogdian right-to-left script   Old Sogdian 11.0 40 Ancient/historic Ch 14.9
Sora 398 Sora Sompeng left-to-right   Sora Sompeng 6.1 35 Ch 15.17
Soyo 329 Soyombo left-to-right   Soyombo 10.0 83 Ancient/historic Ch 14.7
Sund 362 Sundanese left-to-right   Sundanese 5.1 72 Ch 17.7
Sunu 274 Sunuwar left-to-right ZZ— Not in Unicode, approved for version 16.0[iii]
Sylo 316 Syloti Nagri left-to-right   Syloti Nagri 4.1 45 Ancient/historic Ch 15.1
Syrc 135 Syriac right-to-left script   Syriac 3.0 88 Includes typographic variants Estrangelo (see § Syre), Western (§ Syrj), and Eastern (§ Syrn) Ch 9.3
Syre 138 Syriac (Estrangelo variant) mixed ZZ— Typographic variant of Syriac (see § Syrc)
Syrj 137 Syriac (Western variant) mixed ZZ— Typographic variant of Syriac (see § Syrc)
Syrn 136 Syriac (Eastern variant) mixed ZZ— Typographic variant of Syriac (see § Syrc)
Tagb 373 Tagbanwa left-to-right   Tagbanwa 3.2 18 Ch 17.1
Takr 321 Takri, Ṭākrī, Ṭāṅkrī left-to-right   Takri 6.1 68 Ch 15.4
Tale 353 Tai Le left-to-right   Tai Le 4.0 35 Ch 16.5
Talu 354 New Tai Lue left-to-right   New Tai Lue 4.1 83 Ch 16.6
Taml 346 Tamil left-to-right   Tamil 1.0 123 Ch 12.6
Tang 520 Tangut vertical right-to-left, left-to-right   Tangut 9.0 6,914 Ancient/historic Ch 18.11
Tavt 359 Tai Viet left-to-right   Tai Viet 5.2 72 Ch 16.8
Tayo 380 Tai Yo top-to-bottom, columns right-to-left ZZ— Not in Unicode, proposal is mature[ii]
Telu 340 Telugu left-to-right   Telugu 1.0 100 Ch 12.7
Teng 290 Tengwar left-to-right ZZ— Not in Unicode
Tfng 120 Tifinagh (Berber) left-to-right, right-to-left script, top-to-bottom, bottom-to-top   Tifinagh 4.1 59 Ch 19.3
Tglg 370 Tagalog (Baybayin, Alibata) left-to-right   Tagalog 3.2 23 Ch 17.1
Thaa 170 Thaana right-to-left script   Thaana 3.0 50 Ch 13.1
Thai 352 Thai left-to-right   Thai 1.0 86 Ch 16.1
Tibt 330 Tibetan left-to-right   Tibetan 2.0 207 Added in 1.0, removed in 1.1 and reintroduced in 2.0 Ch 13.4
Tirh 326 Tirhuta left-to-right   Tirhuta 7.0 82 Ch 15.11
Tnsa 275 Tangsa left-to-right Tangsa 14.0 89 Ch 13.18
Todr 229 Todhri right-to-left ZZ— Not in Unicode, approved for version 16.0[iii]
Tols 299 Tolong Siki left-to-right ZZ— Not in Unicode, proposal is mature[ii]
Toto 294 Toto left-to-right Toto 14.0 31 Ch 13.17
Tutg 341 Tulu-Tigalari left-to-right ZZ— Not in Unicode, approved for version 16.0[iii]
Ugar 040 Ugaritic left-to-right   Ugaritic 4.0 31 Ancient/historic Ch 11.2
Vaii 470 Vai left-to-right   Vai 5.1 300 Ch 19.5
Visp 280 Visible Speech left-to-right ZZ— Not in Unicode
Vith 228 Vithkuqi left-to-right Vithkuqi 14.0 70 Ancient/historic Ch 8.12
Wara 262 Warang Citi (Varang Kshiti) left-to-right   Warang Citi 7.0 84 Ch 13.9
Wcho 283 Wancho left-to-right   Wancho 12.0 59 Ch 13.16
Wole 480 Woleai mixed ZZ— Not in Unicode, proposal is explored[i]
Xpeo 030 Old Persian left-to-right   Old Persian 4.1 50 Ancient/historic Ch 11.3
Xsux 020 Cuneiform, Sumero-Akkadian left-to-right   Cuneiform 5.0 1,234 Ancient/historic Ch 11.1
Yezi 192 Yezidi right-to-left script   Yezidi 13.0 47 Ancient/historic Ch 9.6
Yiii 460 Yi left-to-right   Yi 3.0 1,220 Ch 18.7
Zanb 339 Zanabazar Square (Zanabazarin Dörböljin Useg, Xewtee Dörböljin Bicig, Horizontal Square Script) left-to-right   Zanabazar Square 10.0 72 Ancient/historic Ch 14.6
Zinh 994 Code for inherited script Inherited 657
Zmth 995 Mathematical notation ZZ— Not a 'script' in Unicode
Zsym 996 Symbols ZZ— Not a 'script' in Unicode
Zsye 993 Symbols (emoji variant) ZZ— Not a 'script' in Unicode
Zxxx 997 Code for unwritten documents ZZ— Not a 'script' in Unicode
Zyyy 998 Code for undetermined script Common 8,306
Zzzz 999 Code for uncoded script Unknown 964,234 In Unicode: All other code points
Notes
  1. ^
    ISO 15924 publications As of 12 September 2023
  2. ^
    ISO 15924 Normative text file As of 12 September 2023
  3. ^
    ISO 15924 Changes (including Aliases for Unicode; as of 12 September 2023)
  4. ^
    Unicode version 15.1
  5. ^
    Unicode charts
  6. ^
    Unicode uses the "Property Value Alias" (Alias) as the script-name. These Alias names are part of Unicode and are published informatively next to ISO 15924. An alias script name may be used in a character name: Palm, Palmyrene → U+10860 𐡠 PALMYRENE LETTER ALEPH.
  7. ^
    In Unicode, the Phoenician script is intended for the representation of text in Paleo-Hebrew, Archaic Phoenician, Phoenician, Early Aramaic, Late Phoenician cursive, Phoenician papyri, Siloam Hebrew, Hebrew seals, Ammonite, Moabite, and Punic.[vi]
References
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i "SEI List of Scripts Not Yet Encoded". Unicode Consortium. March 2023. Retrieved 2023-09-25.
  2. ^ a b c d "Unicode Pipeline § Code Points Provisionally Assigned for Mature Proposals". Unicode Consortium. 2023-09-12. Retrieved 2023-09-25.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g "Unicode Pipeline § Approved for Publication in Version 16.0". Unicode Consortium. 2023-09-12. Retrieved 2023-09-25.
  4. ^ Michael Everson (1997-09-18). "Proposal to encode Klingon in Plane 1 of ISO/IEC 10646-2".
  5. ^ The Unicode Consortium (2001-08-14). "Approved Minutes of the UTC 87 / L2 184 Joint Meeting".
  6. ^ "Middle East-II, Ancient Scripts" (PDF). 15.0.0. The Unicode Consortium. Retrieved 2023-09-25.

Missing scripts in Unicode edit

With each new version of Unicode, new writing systems are added to the international character code. According to a statement by linguist Dr Deborah Anderson of UC Berkeley, there are over 100 writing systems that have not yet been included in Unicode.

According to a list of the project Missing Scripts by the University of Applied Sciences Mainz, Germany, the ANRT Nancy, France and UC Berkeley, USA, there are 294 known writing systems of mankind according to the current state of research (January 2022). 131 of them have not yet been encoded in Unicode, i.e. cannot yet be used on a computer or mobile phone.

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ "Glossary". unicode.org.
  2. ^ "Unicode Character Database: Scripts". unicode.org.
  3. ^ "Chapter 14: Additional Ancient and Historic Scripts". The Unicode Standard, Version 15.0 (PDF). Mountain View, CA: Unicode, Inc. September 2022. ISBN 978-1-936213-32-0.
  4. ^ https://www.unicode.org/roadmaps/ Roadmaps to Unicode
  5. ^ "UAX #24: Unicode Script Property". www.unicode.org.

External links edit

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