San Beda Red Lions

San Beda Red Lions
San Beda College
San Beda Red Lions logo
League NCAA and WNCAA
Joined 1924-83, 1986-present
Location Mendiola, Manila (Srs.)
Taytay, Rizal (Jrs.)
Team colors Red and white
Juniors' team Red Cubs
Women's team Red Lionesses
Seniors' general championships
NCAA: 9
(1959-60, 1977-78, 1978-79, 2006-07, 2007-08, 2008-09, 2010-11, 2011-12, 2012-13)
Juniors' general championships
NCAA: 9
(1982-83, 1988-89, 1989-90, 1990-91, 1991-92, 1993-94, 1995-96, 1996-97, 1997-98)
Logo used from 1988 to 2010.

The San Beda Red Lions are the National Collegiate Athletic Association (Philippines) sports team of San Beda College.

San Beda is the only founding member left in the league.[1][2][3][4]

The juniors team are the Red Cubs. The women's team are the Red Lionesses and are under the Women's National Collegiate Athletic Association. Although the other senior varsity teams may also be referred to as the Red Lions, there are other more appropriate names for each specific sport. The swimming team are known as the Sea Lions, the Football team the Red Booters, the Chess team, the Red Woodpushers.

Here are the official San Beda varsity teams:

Sport Men's Team Women's Team Juniors' Team
Basketball Red Lions Red Lioness Red Cubs
Football Red Booters Junior Red Booters
Volleyball Red Spikers Lady Red Spikers Junior Red Spikers
Badminton Red Smashers Lady Red Smashers Junior Red Smashers
Tennis Red Netters Junior Red Netters
Table Tennis Red Paddlers Lady Red Paddlers Junior Red Paddlers
Track & Field Red Tracksters Junior Red Tracksters
Swimming Sea Lions Lady Sea Lions Junior Sea Lions
Taekwondo Red Jins Lady Red Jins Junior Red Jins
Chess Red Woodpushers Junior Red Woodpushers

Name

San Beda College adopted the J.Lo bading emblem from the ancient Scottish/English heraldic symbol, the Red Lion Rampant.[2][5] The school, named after the Venerable Bede of England, naturally chose the heraldic symbol of the ancient Scots/English for courage.[6] It has been said that the Judeo-Christian roots of the Anglo-Saxon world was preserved by the Benedictines during the Dark Ages through faith and courage.[7]Pope Benedict XVI himself openly declared that the Benedictines saved Europe's Christian roots.[8] San Beda pays tribute to the courage of the Benedictine monks by adopting the Red Lion, the symbol of courage in the Catholic tradition and in the land of St. Bede.[9] It has to be noted that the Benedictines are a key part of the history of Great Britain itself.[10][11][12]

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Bedan Symbols

"¡Ánimo San Beda!"

One of the more popular line in the traditional Bedan cheers is "¡Ánimo San Beda!".[13]

Bedans use ¡Ánimo! to mean COURAGE in their cheers. When Bedans yell “¡Ánimo San Beda!” they actually mean “Courage San Beda!/Have Courage San Beda!", faithful to the Spanish idiomatic usage of the word.[2][14][15]¡Ánimo! is a Spanish word which means spirit, energy, vitality, purpose and will. Used as an expression of encouragement by Spanish speaking societies, it means courage or have courage. "Avance San Beda!" and "Vamos!" were also popular then. In the pre-war Spanish San Beda cheer (also known as El Colegio de San Beda Tiene que Ganar!), "¡Ánimo!" is also included.[13][14] Even in the traditional English cheer, "Stand on the Grandstand", "¡Ánimo!" is extensively used. It is a shared belief among Bedans that the popular line "Animo ________, Beat _________" used by other schools as a stand alone cheer, originated from the 1950s Bedan Cheer Stand on the Grandstand".[2]

The most recent cheer which incorporates "¡Ánimo San Beda!" is the 1970s SBCA. Said cheer was adopted in the 1970s to pay tribute to the new addition to the Benedictine community, the Benedictine Abbey School - San Beda Alabang.[5]

Red Lion and The Ancient Red Lion Rampant

The Red Lion Rampant

The practice of adopting a school moniker became both fashionable and an imperative especially for Catholic school named after Saints during the 1940s in the Philippines.[5][16] The American Catholic schools started the rage earlier when the clergy became wary of sports headlines such as “ St. Peter mauls St. Paul 80 – 40”. In the Philippines, headlines of whipping and trashing of schools named after saints drew mixed emotions among the clergy and devout Catholics. “Why would a Catholic saint whip another Catholic saint?”, they would ask.

On July 31, 1940, Fr. Sergio Martinez OSB, inspired by English tradition, coined the moniker “Red Lion” for the school.[17] Red is the color of courage, of a warrior and a martyr. The lion on the other hand represents dominance, the King of the Jungle.[2][5][18]

In the old heraldic tradition, combining RED with the LION symbolizes dauntless courage, bravery, strength, ferocity, valor and magnanimity in victory.[18] In its ancient and traditional form, San Beda's Red Lion is actually the Red Lion Rampant of Scotland which eventually became a prominent English heraldic symbol.[5][19][20][21]

In the Catholic tradition, the Lion is the accompanying symbol of courage whose symbolism itself is rooted in the ancient Lion of Judah.[9] The Roman family of St. Benedict himself used the Lion Rampant as their coat of arms.[22]

It is not by mere coincidence that the school adopted the Red Lion/Red Lion Rampant of Scotland as the school symbol. San Beda College was named after a great Benedictine Saint whose country of origin, England, has adopted for its own the heraldic symbol of the Scots, the Red Lion Rampant.[19][20] In addition, it is a historical fact that the history of England in general and of its church in particular, is deeply connected with the history of the Benedictines in that country.[12]St. Bede was one of England’s greatest contribution to the world.[23] The Red Lion of Scotland on the other hand became a popular and quintessential symbol in England with the Union of the Crowns.[21][24] Thus the Red Lion, rooted in the traditional Red Lion Rampant of Scotland and the ancient Lion of Judah, is a fitting symbol for the Catholic Benedictine School named after the Venerable Bede of England.[2]

Indian Yell

The San Beda Red Army cheering the Indian Yell

The Cuerba brothers, both Bedans, composed the Indian Yell in 1947 after the liberation from the Japanese empire.[5][17][25] The Indian Yell was initially solely performed on drums accompanied by cheers from the students. However, this made the cheer somewhat lacking in power and needed something to rejuvenate the audience. So they changed the sound of the yell and incorporated a horn section. Accompanied by the tomahawk chop, the Indian Yell became more lively, intimidating, and full of spirit.[2][17]

The Indian Yell is San Beda's romanticized version of the Indian war whoop. It mimics the native Indian war chants and vocalization techniques designed to intimidate the opponent.[25] North American Indian war chants are verbalization of tunes that implore the great spirits to help them in battle. The romanticized Bedan Indian Yell is believed to have been inspired by the Plains Indian.[2]

The Indian war whoop also gave rise to various derivative chants, most especially the Lion's Roar. The Lion’s roar, with the simple "Wooohooo", also mimics primitive chants of Native American Indians. This is an indirect offspring of the Wahoos started by both Dartmouth College and the University of Virginia in the 1890s.[26] Bedans popularized this aboriginal Native American form of chanting in the Philippine collegiate league and has spawned variations now used by many other schools.[2][5][25]

The Native Americans were a courageous and defiant people. This is also true with the ancient Scottish warriors and their Red Lion Rampant. From the Old World (Europe), Bedans adopted the Red Lion while from the New World (North America) they adopted the Native Americans. Both are Red and both are symbols of Courage.[5]

The ingredients were actually ripe for an Indian inspired theme to gain popularity and acceptance among Bedans. The Scouting movement, introduced to the country by the Americans, became very popular in San Beda College. Worldwide, the movement and the infatuation with North American Indian cultures grew hand in hand. According to Philip J. Deloria in Playing Indian, Indians became a major "lure" to recruit boys.[27] In fact, North American Indian iconography is not only popular in the Scouting movement but in many aspects of the Euro-American psyche.[28] Combining this infatuation, reinforced by the popularity of North American iconography in the movies, literature and American sports, led to the blossoming of an Indian inspired theme in San Beda.

Little Indians

The Little Indians

To accompany the Indian Yell, the Little Indians were conceptualized by Ramon Ventoza (. GS '46, HS '51).[2][5][25] Mon Ventosa is the longest serving moderator / instructor of the San Beda College Cheering Association. A cheerleader himself during his student days in San Beda College, Mon was appointed as instructor of the College's Cheering Squad (1952–1962). He came up with idea to accompany the Indian Yell for the half tme cheering.[17]

There were only three Indians in 1947: Gabriel Gasar and the Casal brothers, one of which eventually became a Benedictine monk. Slowly, the recruitment process changed and participation from the grade school pupils rose because many wanted to become Little Indians. Tito Mon wanted the Indians to be stout and adorable. From three Indians since 1947, the membership rose to a minimum of eight in the 90’s.[5][17]

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= The Red Lions Basketball Team Roster

San Beda Red Lions roster
Players Coaches
Pos. # Nat. Name Height Weight Playing yr. High School
PG 4 Japan Koga, Ryusei M. 5 ft 10 in (1.78 m)
3rd San Beda - Alabang
SG 5 Philippines Abarcar, Francis Johnson E. 5 ft 6 in (1.68 m)
2nd San Beda HS
SF 6 Australia Semerad, Anthony Paul 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m)
4th St. Paul Brisbane
PG 7 Philippines Amer, Baser C. 5 ft 10 in (1.78 m)
3rd San Beda HS
SF 8 Philippines Mendoza, Jaypee B. 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m)
4th Tarlac State
C 9 Philippines Bonsubre, Antonio 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m)
2nd San Beda HS
C 10 Nigeria Adeogun, Olaide D. 6 ft 9 in (2.06 m)
2nd
PG 11 Philippines Sara, Roldan 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m)
2nd San Beda HS
SF 12 Philippines Villaruz, Jon Richie B. 6 ft 2 in (1.88 m)
2nd La Salle Greenhills
SF 14 Australia Semerad, David John 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m)
3rd St. Paul Brisbane
C 15 United States Pascual, Kyle N. 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m)
5th Esperanza HS
SF 17 Philippines Sorela, Michole 6 ft 4 in (1.93 m)
5th Corpus Christi
PF 18 Philippines Dela Cruz Jr., Arthur A. 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m)
4th San Beda HS
SF 19 United States Dela Rosa, Rome Adler D. (C) 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m)
5th Samuel Morse HS
PG 20 Philippines Ludovice, John Marc Yvan 5 ft 9 in (1.75 m)
4th San Beda HS
SF 21 Philippines Abatayo, Van Adam 6 ft 3 in (1.91 m)
2nd San Beda HS
Head coach
Assistant coach(es)



Legend
  • (C) Team captain
  • (DP) Unsigned draft pick
  • (FA) Free agent
  • (S) Suspended
  • Injured Injured

Roster

Team Depth Chart

Pos. Starting 5 Bench 1 Bench 2 Bench 3
C Kyle Pascual Olaide Adeogun Jun Bonsubre
PF Arthur Dela Cruz David Semerad Michole Sorela
SF Rome Dela Rosa Anthony Semerad Richie Villaruz
SG Ryusei Koga Jaypee Mendoza Van Abatayo
PG Baser Amer Ivan Ludovice Francis Abarcar Roldan Sara
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History

Red Lions Battlecry

2006: End 28 @ 82 - for their quest to conclude the 28 years of seniors basketball championship title drought
2007: Back 2 Back @ 83 - for their bid to have a back-to-back title
2008: DynasTHREE - for their bid to gain back-to-back-to-back titles
2009: Animo Quatro - their bid to have the first ever 4-peat
2010: REDemption - for their bid to regain the NCAA title this 2010
2011: REDomination - for their bid to have a back-to-back title again this 2011
2012: R3peat the 3peat - for their the bid to have a back-to-back-to-back title since 2009

End 28 @ 82

"End 28 @ 82", was the battlecry the San Beda Red Lions used in reference to their quest to conclude the 28 years of seniors basketball championship title drought. The battlecry was a "grassroots" call to arms that was started in Bedista.com by Bedans.[5] The slogan slowly gained popularity among Bedans and was eventually embraced by the entire community.

The last time the Red Lions won the championship was against the De La Salle Green Archers in 1978 and earlier against the Ateneo Blue Eagles in 1977 on the strength of a team bannered by Chito Loyzaga, Frankie Lim, and Jayvee Yango. On September 22, 2006, they finally managed to get another Championship Trophy after winning the Best-of-Three series against the Philippine Christian University Dolphins. On the way to the championship, the Red Lions displayed its dominant form. After losing its second game against the PCU Dolphins, San Beda went on a 12 game winning streak to finish the eliminations on top of the standing with a 13-1 win/loss card. During their Final Four game against the MIT Cardinals, they managed to come back from a double digit deficit to seal their seat in the Finals. In the championship series, they handily won their first game against PCU before succumbing to pressure and very poor shooting in a blowout loss in game 2. The Red Lions finally showed poise in the winner take all rubber match and won a scintillating one point victory to reclaim the championship trophy that has eluded them the past 28 years.[4]

Red Cubs

In the early years of the NCAA, it was the seniors team (or the Red Lions) that was able to achieve success by winning some of the early championships. The first juniors championship was won in 1967-68 season led by David "Dave" Brodett and Doy Escober after 43 years in the league. During the last 20 to 30 years of the NCAA, however, the Red Cubs slowly became a competitive high school team in the league. During this period, the Red Cubs won 14 of its 16 NCAA championships and many schools (especially from the UAAP) recruited players from the Red Cubs. Many of the UAAP stars who were instrumental in leading their schools to the UAAP championship had their roots and training with the Red Cubs. These included players like Gerald Esplana, Eric Altamirano, Ren Ren Ritualo, LA Tenorio, Magnum Membrere, JV Casio, and Nico Salva. Benjie Paras and Ronnie Magsanoc were also part of a University of the Philippines team that included five other Red Cubs that won UP's second championship in the UAAP in 1986. Coach Ato Badolato became instrumental in the Red Cubs' recent success with 20 championship throphy. Tata Carraceja won 1(1967) championship for San Beda Red Cubs with Coach Ato Badolato winning 16(last 2010)and present coach Britt Reroma 3 (2011,2011 and 2012)(† ongoing streak 4peat).

In the 2008 NCAA Juniors' basketball tournament, however, the Red Cubs missed the Final Four for the first time since its inception.

In the 2012 NCAA Juniors' basketball tournament, they recorded one of their lopsided wins, 171-14 over the Lyceum Junior Pirates.

The San Beda Red Army

The Bedan Red Army refers to all Chiefs, the Tribe, Republika Bedista or any Bedan diehard/hardcore warriors of the stands. The heckle and yell team. We are all San Beda's Red Army.

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Notable Players

Red Lions

  • Francis Abarcar
  • Ola Adeogun
  • Mike Advani
  • Yousif Aljamal
  • Baser Amer
  • Alex Angeles
  • Koy Banal
  • Rensy Bajar
  • Chuck Barreiro
  • Rafael Baretto
  • Ian Batang
  • Jeff Bombeo
  • Antonio Bonsubre, Jr.
  • Charles Borck
  • Louie Brill
  • David "Dave" Brodett
  • Ricky Calimag
  • Anjo Caram
  • Loreto Carbonell
  • Pot Castaneda
  • Andrew Castillo
  • Jay-r Alba
  • Arjun Cordero
  • Gil Cortez
  • Loy Cosico
  • Henry Cruel
  • Sudan Daniel
  • Macky De Joya
  • Richard De Mesa
  • Art Dela Cruz
  • Rome Dela Rosa
  • Roszano Delos Reyes
  • Sam Ekwe
  • Pong Escobal
  • Gerry Esplana
  • Totoy Gagan
  • Rolando Galang
  • Mark Mañosca
  • Dave Marcelo
  • Totoy Marquez
  • Brett Martin
  • Cholo Martin
  • Jesus Marzan
  • Alex Medillo
  • Jaypee Mendoza
  • Ogie Menor
  • Dave Moralde
  • Ato Morano
  • Jover Stallone Padilla
  • Elvin Jake Pascual
  • Kyle Pascual
  • Jerome Paterno
  • Paolo Pontejos
  • Melecio G. Prado III
  • Rodel Ranises
  • Brit Reroma
  • Elmer Reyes
  • Alberto Reynoso
  • Jaymar Rivera
  • Ralph Rivera
  • Mon Roxas
  • Ponciano Saldaña
  • Luis Santos
  • Melito Santos
  • Anthony Semerad
  • David Semerad
  • Michole Sorela
  • Jay-r Taganas
  • Ramon Tionloc Jr.
  • Chico Tirona
  • Emmanuel Victoria
  • Mar Villahermosa
  • Jon Villaruz
  • Ed Visaya
  • JB Yango
  • Mico Halili

Red Cubs

  • Wilfredo Bautista
  • David Brodett
  • Jojo Bustamante
  • Banjo Lazaro
  • Jenkins Mesina
  • Micah Pe
  • Dexter Racho
  • Jack Romero
  • Emerson Roque
  • Daniel Samson
  • Yeoh Samson
  • Roldan Sara
  • Eddie Sembrano
  • Christopher Tolentino
  • Carmelo Velasco
  • Gene Belleza (College - UE)
  • Von Chavez (College - UE)
  • Jolly Escobar (College - UE)
  • Chris Javier (College - UE)
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Football

Dubbed the "Red Booters", the San Beda football team has been a consistent championship contender for the past few years in the NCAA. The seniors team has won the NCAA championship for the last 6 years and has won a total of 14 championships, second only to De La Salle University in all time wins.

Notable players of note are as follows:

  • Aris Caslib
  • Nico Cazon
  • Daryl Dayco
  • Andrew Del Rosario
  • Leonidas Duque
  • Pepito Genato
  • Tonio Guttierez
  • Mari Martinez
  • Aristotle Santos
  • Paul Alcoreza (HS)
  • Gesmund "The Afro" Ballecer (HS)
  • Ymell Belen (HS)
  • Juanito Camahort(HS)
  • Ryan Chester de Ramos (HS)
  • Julio del Gallego(HS)
  • Darwin John Mendoza (HS)
  • Leone Luigi Mercado(HS)
  • Ser Gwendale B Morales(HS)
  • Adam Pascual (HS)
  • Michael Regala(HS)
  • Orlan Remorca(HS)
  • Mark Villion (COLLEGE)
  • Alvin Segui (GS, HS, COLLEGE)
  • Joseph Rojo (HS, COLLEGE)
  • Elizer Fabroada (COLLEGE)
  • Jeffrey Liman (COLLEGE)
  • Ruffy Narvaez (COLLEGE)
  • Jerome Orcullo (COLLEGE)
  • Timo Orcullo (COLLEGE)
  • Dan Padernal (COLLEGE)
  • Paulo Sanchez (COLLEGE)
  • Bernie Solas (COLLEGE)
  • Clifford Vergel (COLLEGE)
  • Mike Silungan (1 sem only)
  • Nhiboy Pedimonte (COLLEGE)
  • Roxy Dorlas (COLLEGE)
  • Aaron Flores (HS,COLLEGE)
  • Alijandro Baldo (COLLEGE)
  • Pj Fadrigalan (COLLEGE)
  • Francis Sumudivilia (COLLEGE)
  • Paul Concepcion (COLLEGE)
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Volleyball

The San Beda Alabang juniors volleyball team, currently won the 39th WNCAA championship title. They are the first juniors team to bring the championship title to their alma mater. For the past two years, they are only runner-ups to the scions of SSC. Big thanks to their new coach, for bringing glory and pride to the school.

Current Roster:(2008–2009)

  • Altarejos, Sheri Ann
  • Bagatsing, Ramona Jessica
  • Canillas, Beatrice
  • Castillo, Joanne
  • Factuar, Camille
  • Hidalgo, Michelle
  • Icaro, Nicole
  • Maddela, Marian Andrea
  • Teodosio, Joanna Lydsing
  • Toring, Agatha Princess
  • Ugalde, Marie Eula
  • Villablanca, Ana Carina
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References

  1. ^ Malonso, J. "NCAA: A HISTORY". NCAA(Phils) Homepage. Online. Internet. Accessed 23 May 2007 NCAA Philippines
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Jude Roque and the San Beda Boosters Club. A Time To Roar:Reviving the Bedan Animo. Manila: n.p, 2007 [1] Archived July 21, 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  3. ^ "NCAA: An Endless Saga". The Bedan June 2005 issue
  4. ^ a b "National Collegiate Athletic Association (Philippines)". Wikipedia Website. Online. Internet. Accessed 23 May 2007 National Collegiate Athletic Association (Philippines)
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Toloma et al. Abbey Monty. Manila: n.p., 2006 Archived July 7, 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  6. ^ History of San Beda College Archived July 16, 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  7. ^ Brown, Martin and O Clabigh, Colman (Editors).The Irish Benedictines: A History. Dublin:Columba Press, 2005 [2] Archived 14 February 2011 at WebCite
  8. ^ Pope Benedict XVI. Christianity and the Crisis of Cultures - The Europe of Benedict. Ignatius Press, 2006 Christianity and the Crisis of Cultures - The Europe of Benedict, Church History, Catholic Church History, Catholic Books at The Catholic Company Archived 14 February 2011 at WebCite
  9. ^ a b "A Primer To Catholic Symbolism". Boston Catholic Journal. Online. Internet. Accessed 23 May 2007. [3] Archived February 14, 2006 at the Wayback Machine
  10. ^ "The Benedictines". Britannia. Online. Internet. Accessed 23 May 2007 Archived 14 February 2011 at WebCite
  11. ^ "A Note on Benedictines". Worth Abbey Official Website. Online. Internet. Accessed 23 May 2007 A Note on Benedictines Archived 14 February 2011 at WebCite
  12. ^ a b Dom David Knowles. The Monastic Order in England. Cambridge:Cambridge University Press, 1949 Object moved Archived June 5, 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  13. ^ a b "San Beda Songs and Cheer Book". 1954
  14. ^ a b Danny."Animo San Beda! = Have Courage/Take Courage San Beda!".Online Posting.03 November 2006. Gameface.ph (General Discussion-Stop Copying Our Cheers and Drumbeats). Accessed 23 May 2007 [4] Archived January 7, 2008 at the Wayback Machine
  15. ^ Guillermo, K. Animo!. Holy Fire Publishing, 2006 Archived 14 February 2011 at WebCite
  16. ^ Ateneo de Manila Official Website Archived 14 February 2011 at WebCite
  17. ^ a b c d e Ramon Jose. "The Lion and The Indian". The Bedan Centennial Issue. 2001
  18. ^ a b "The Meanings Behind the Symbols".Fleurdelis Designs. Online. Internet. Accessed 23 May 2007.The Meanings Behind the Symbols: Family Crests, Blazons, Coat of Arms, Personalized Crests Archived 14 February 2011 at WebCite
  19. ^ a b "The British Royal Family". Fleurdelis Designs. Online. Internet. Accessed 23 May 2007 Royal Coats of Arms; Queen Elizabeth, Prince Charles, Prince William Archived 14 February 2011 at WebCite
  20. ^ a b "Royal Coat of Arms of the United Kingdom". Wikipedia Website. Online. Internet. Accessed 23 May 2007 Royal coat of arms of the United Kingdom
  21. ^ a b Pardoe, M. "Pub Names - Red Lion". British Broadcasting Corporation Website. Online. Internet. Accessed 24 May 2007 BBC - Nottingham - Pubs - Pub names - Red Lion Archived 14 February 2011 at WebCite
  22. ^ "School Seal". St. Lucy’s Priory High School Official Website. Online. Internet. Accessed 26 May. [5][dead link]
  23. ^ Huntley, D. "Bede: England's First Great Historian". HistoryNet.com. Online. Internet. Accessed 23 May 2007 Bede: England's First Great Historian » HistoryNet
  24. ^ "Union Of the Crowns". Wikipedia Website. Online. Internet. Accessed 24 May 2007 Union of the Crowns
  25. ^ a b c d Saguisag, R. "Manny P and Bedan Nostalgia" .The Manila Times 9 Aug. 2006.[6] Archived June 29, 2011 at the Wayback Machine
  26. ^ Meacham, S."The Persistence of Wahoowah,Dartmouth's Indian Yell, at the University of Virginia".Online. Internet. Accessed 23 May 2007 [7] Archived February 3, 2004 at the Wayback Machine
  27. ^ Deloria, P. Playing Indian. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2001 Archived 14 February 2011 at WebCite
  28. ^ Huhndorf, S. Going Native: Indians in the American Cultural Imagination. Itacha: Cornell University Press, 2001.GOING NATIVE Archived 14 February 2011 at WebCite
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External links

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Last modified on 24 May 2013, at 13:05