PtaRNA1 (plasmid transferred antisense RNA) is a family of non-coding RNAs.[1] Homologs of PtaRNA1 can be found in the bacterial families, Betaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria. In all cases the PtaRNA1 is located anti-sense to a short protein-coding gene. In Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria, this gene is annotated as XCV2162 and is included in the plasmid toxin family of proteins.
| PtaRNA1 | |
|---|---|
 PtaRNA1 consensus secondary structure | |
| Identifiers | |
| Symbol | PtaRNA1 |
| Rfam | RF01811 |
| Other data | |
| RNA type | antisense |
| Domain(s) | Gammaproteobacteria |
| PDB structures | PDBe |
| ptaRNA1_toxin | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | Toxin to PtaRNA1 antitoxin, of type 1 toxin-antitoxin system | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF12703 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Distribution and function edit
Both PtaRNA1 and the adjacent coding gene, which only appear only in combination, have an erratic phylogenetic distribution. The distribution of ptaRNA1 is not congruent with the phylogeny of the host species as it is with other sRNA families such as Yfr1 and Yfr2.[2] This indicates that ptaRNA1 has undergone frequent horizontal gene transfer.[1] These observations are in accordance with those made of Type I toxin-antitoxin systems.[3]
In type I toxin-antitoxin systems, the gene expression of a toxic protein is regulated by a small non-coding RNA. Type I toxin-antitoxin loci are frequently found in both prokaryotic chromosomes and plasmids.[4][5] The secondary structure of ptaRNA1 is very similar to the E. coli FinP antisense RNA.[1][6] FinP is an antisense regulator of the cis-acting RNA element Traj,[6] the structural similarities imply ptaRNA1 is likely to be part of a complex regulatory network.[1]
-
![A phylogenetic tree based on PtaRNA1 seed alignment. Class of the “host” species is shown by the symbols on the right hand side. Numbers indicate bootstrap values of the inner nodes.[1]](//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/PtaRNA1_tree.jpg/88px-PtaRNA1_tree.jpg)
A phylogenetic tree based on PtaRNA1 seed alignment. Class of the “host” species is shown by the symbols on the right hand side. Numbers indicate bootstrap values of the inner nodes.[1]
![A phylogenetic tree based on PtaRNA1 seed alignment. Class of the “host” species is shown by the symbols on the right hand side. Numbers indicate bootstrap values of the inner nodes.[1]](/wiki/File:PtaRNA1_tree.jpg)
See also edit
References edit
- ^ a b c d e Findeiss S, Schmidtke C, Stadler PF, Bonas U (March 2010). "A novel family of plasmid-transferred anti-sense ncRNAs". RNA Biol. 7 (2): 120–124. doi:10.4161/rna.7.2.11184. PMID 20220307. Retrieved 2010-07-13.
- ^ Voss B, Gierga G, Axmann IM, Hess WR (2007). "A motif-based search in bacterial genomes identifies the ortholog of the small RNA Yfr1 in all lineages of cyanobacteria". BMC Genomics. 8: 375. doi:10.1186/1471-2164-8-375. PMC 2190773. PMID 17941988.
- ^ Fozo EM, Hemm MR, Storz G (December 2008). "Small toxic proteins and the antisense RNAs that repress them". Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 72 (4): 579–589, Table of Contents. doi:10.1128/MMBR.00025-08. PMC 2593563. PMID 19052321.
- ^ Gerdes K, Wagner EG (April 2007). "RNA antitoxins". Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 10 (2): 117–124. doi:10.1016/j.mib.2007.03.003. PMID 17376733.
- ^ Weaver KE (April 2007). "Emerging plasmid-encoded antisense RNA regulated systems". Curr. Opin. Microbiol. 10 (2): 110–116. doi:10.1016/j.mib.2007.03.002. PMID 17376732.
- ^ a b Arthur DC, Ghetu AF, Gubbins MJ, Edwards RA, Frost LS, Glover JN (December 2003). "FinO is an RNA chaperone that facilitates sense-antisense RNA interactions". EMBO J. 22 (23): 6346–6355. doi:10.1093/emboj/cdg607. PMC 291848. PMID 14633993.