Introduction

Republic of Panama
República de Panamá (Spanish)
Motto: "Pro Mundi Beneficio"
"For the Benefit of the World"
Anthem: Himno Istmeño (Spanish)
Hymn of the Isthmus
ISO 3166 codePA

Panama (/ˈpænəmɑː/ PAN-ə-mah, /pænəˈmɑː/ pan-ə-MAH; Spanish: Panamá IPA: [panaˈma] ), officially the Republic of Panama (Spanish: República de Panamá), is a transcontinental country in Latin America, spanning the southern tip of Central America into the northern part of South America. It is bordered by Costa Rica to the west, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the north, and the Pacific Ocean to the south. Its capital and largest city is Panama City, whose metropolitan area is home to nearly half the country's over 4 million inhabitants.0

Before the arrival of Spanish colonists in the 16th century, Panama was inhabited by a number of different indigenous tribes. It broke away from Spain in 1821 and joined the Republic of Gran Colombia, a union of Nueva Granada, Ecuador, and Venezuela. After Gran Colombia dissolved in 1831, Panama and Nueva Granada eventually became the Republic of Colombia. With the backing of the United States, Panama seceded from Colombia in 1903, allowing the construction of the Panama Canal to be completed by the United States Army Corps of Engineers between 1904 and 1914. The 1977 Torrijos–Carter Treaties agreed to transfer the canal from the United States to Panama on December 31, 1999. The surrounding territory was first returned in 1979.

Revenue from canal tolls continues to represent a significant portion of Panama's GDP, although commerce, banking, and tourism are major and growing sectors. It is regarded as having a high-income economy. In 2019 Panama ranked 57th in the world in terms of the Human Development Index. In 2018, Panama was ranked the seventh-most competitive economy in Latin America, according to the World Economic Forum's Global Competitiveness Index. Panama was ranked 84th in the Global Innovation Index in 2023. Covering around 40 percent of its land area, Panama's jungles are home to an abundance of tropical plants and animals – some of them found nowhere else on earth. Panama is a founding member of the United Nations and other international organizations such as the Organization of American States, Latin America Integration Association, Group of 77, World Health Organization, and Non-Aligned Movement. (Full article...)

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Collared aracari at Darién National Park

Darién National Park (Spanish: Parque Nacional Darién) is a World Heritage Site in Panama. It is about 325 kilometers (202 mi) from Panama City, is the most extensive of all national parks of Panama, and is one of the most important World Heritage Sites in Central America.

The Darién National Park is a natural bridge spanning North and South America. (Full article...)
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  • That more than 12,000 people died in the construction of the Panama Railroad?

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Panama - Related Topics
History Torrijos–Carter TreatiesDarién schemeMallarino–Bidlack TreatyWatermelon WarPanama Canal RailwayMartyrs' DayHay–Bunau-Varilla TreatyPanama Canal ZoneUS invasion of PanamaHistory of the Panama CanalPanama Canal fenceZonianCoat of armsFlag of Panama
Politics List of heads of state of PanamaMartín TorrijosNational AssemblyDemocratic Revolutionary PartyArnulfista PartySolidarity PartyNationalist Republican Liberal MovementDemocratic ChangePeople's PartyNational Liberal PartyPanamanian election, 1999Panamanian election, 2004Provinces of PanamaForeign relations of PanamaPanama Canal AuthorityPanama Canal expansion referendum, 2006
Geography Panama CityIsthmus of PanamaProvinces of PanamaColón ProvinceSan Blas IslandsPearl IslandsGulf of PanamaCoibaTaboga IslandVolcán BarúGatun LakeChagres RiverGuna YalaCiudad del SaberHerrera ProvinceLos Santos ProvinceIsla Gibraleón
Panama Canal HistoryHealth MeasuresPanama Canal RailwayCulebra Cut (Gaillard Cut) • Gatun DamChagres RiverGatun LakePanama Canal locksPanamaxBridge of the AmericasCentennial Bridge, PanamaPanama Canal AuthorityPanama Canal ZonePanama Canal expansion project
Culture Music of PanamaMolasChinatownIslam in PanamaKuna peopleEmbera-Wounaan PeopleNgöbe–Buglé peoplePollera
Panamanians Alfredo SinclairOlga SinclairJustine PasekStefanie de RouxRubén BladesDanilo PérezEl GeneralDaphne Rubin-VegaJordana BrewsterBelisario PorrasVictoriano LorenzoOmar TorrijosArnulfo AriasHarmodio Arias MadridGuillermo EndaraMireya MoscosoManuel Antonio NoriegaErnesto Pérez BalladaresMartín TorrijosJulio LinaresRod CarewRolando BlackmanRoberto DuránRoberto KellyJuan BerenguerEusebio PedrozaCarlos LeeEinar DíazLaffit Pincay, Jr.Mariano RiveraRamiro MendozaHilario ZapataJosé MacíasLuis TejadaJorge Dely ValdésGilbert ArenasBruce ChenRoberto CorbinLorenzo CharlesOlmedo SáenzOscar Willis LayneBayanoHugo SpadaforaLía BorreroNele KantuleJuan Carlos NavarroManuel Amador GuerreroJosé Domingo de ObaldíaCelestino "Pelenchín" CaballeroPedro AlcázarVicente MosqueraEusebio PedrozaRoberto "La Araña" VásquezHilario ZapataIrving SaladinoBayano KamaniLloyd La BeachReginald BeckfordJaime PenedoJorge Dely ValdésJulio Dely ValdésRoberto ChenRubén Rivera
Buildings and Structures Airports: Tocumen International Airport ; Marcos A. Gelabert International Airport

Bridges: Bridge of the AmericasCentennial Bridge
Hospitals: Hospital NacionalHospital Santo TomasInstituto Oncologico Nacional • ...
Stadiums: Estadio Rommel FernándezEstadio Nacional Rod Carew
Dams: Gatun DamFortuna DamChanguinola Dam

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