Parathyroid hormone 1 receptor

Parathyroid hormone/parathyroid hormone-related peptide receptor, also known as parathyroid hormone 1 receptor (PTH1R), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PTH1R gene. PTH1R functions as a receptor for parathyroid hormone (PTH) and for parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP), also called parathyroid hormone-like hormone (PTHLH).

PTH1R
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesPTH1R, PFE, PTHR, PTHR1, Parathyroid hormone 1 receptor, EKNS
External IDsOMIM: 168468 MGI: 97801 HomoloGene: 267 GeneCards: PTH1R
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_000316
NM_001184744

NM_001083935
NM_001083936
NM_011199

RefSeq (protein)

NP_000307
NP_001171673

NP_001077404
NP_001077405
NP_035329

Location (UCSC)Chr 3: 46.88 – 46.9 MbChr 9: 110.72 – 110.75 Mb
PubMed search[3][4]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Function edit

This "classical" PTH receptor is expressed in high levels in bone and kidney and regulates calcium ion homeostasis through activation of adenylate cyclase and phospholipase C.[5][6] In bone, it is expressed on the surface of osteoblasts. When the receptor is activated through PTH binding, osteoblasts express RANKL (Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor kB Ligand), which binds to RANK (Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor kB) on osteoclasts. This turns on osteoclasts to ultimately increase the resorption rate.

Mechanism edit

It is a member of the secretin family of G protein-coupled receptors. The activity of this receptor is mediated by Gs G proteins, which activate adenylyl cyclase. Besides this, they also activate the phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system.

Pathology edit

Defects in this receptor are known to be the cause of Jansen's metaphyseal chondrodysplasia (JMC) and chondrodysplasia Blomstrand type (BOCD) as well as enchondromatosis[7] and primary failure of tooth eruption.[8]

Interactions edit

Parathyroid hormone 1 receptor has been shown to interact with Sodium-hydrogen exchange regulatory cofactor 2[9] and Sodium-hydrogen antiporter 3 regulator 1.[9]

See also edit

References edit

  1. ^ a b c GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000160801 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. ^ a b c GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000032492 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. ^ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. ^ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. ^ Mannstadt M, Jüppner H, Gardella TJ (Nov 1999). "Receptors for PTH and PTHrP: their biological importance and functional properties". The American Journal of Physiology. 277 (5 Pt 2): F665-75. doi:10.1152/ajprenal.1999.277.5.F665. PMID 10564229. Archived from the original on 2009-02-13. Retrieved 2007-12-17.
  6. ^ Offermanns S, Iida-Klein A, Segre GV, Simon MI (May 1996). "G alpha q family members couple parathyroid hormone (PTH)/PTH-related peptide and calcitonin receptors to phospholipase C in COS-7 cells". Molecular Endocrinology. 10 (5): 566–74. doi:10.1210/mend.10.5.8732687. PMID 8732687.
  7. ^ "Entrez Gene: PTH1R parathyroid hormone 1 receptor".
  8. ^ Yamaguchi T, Hosomichi K, Narita A, Shirota T, Tomoyasu Y, Maki K, Inoue I (Jul 2011). "Exome resequencing combined with linkage analysis identifies novel PTH1R variants in primary failure of tooth eruption in Japanese". Journal of Bone and Mineral Research. 26 (7): 1655–61. doi:10.1002/jbmr.385. PMID 21404329. S2CID 23855913.
  9. ^ a b Mahon MJ, Donowitz M, Yun CC, Segre GV (Jun 2002). "Na(+)/H(+ ) exchanger regulatory factor 2 directs parathyroid hormone 1 receptor signalling". Nature. 417 (6891): 858–61. Bibcode:2002Natur.417..858M. doi:10.1038/nature00816. PMID 12075354. S2CID 4379134.

Further reading edit

External links edit

This article incorporates text from the United States National Library of Medicine, which is in the public domain.