Olga Hepnarová (30 June 1951 – 12 March 1975) was a Czechoslovak rampage killer, who on 10 July 1973, killed eight people with a truck in Prague. Hepnarová was convicted and sentenced to death, and was executed in 1975, the last woman executed in Czechoslovakia.
Olga Hepnarová | |
|---|---|
 Hepnarová's booking photo in 1973 | |
| Born | 30 June 1951 |
| Died | 12 March 1975 (aged 23) |
| Cause of death | Execution by hanging |
| Criminal status | Executed |
| Conviction(s) | Murder (8 counts) |
| Criminal penalty | Death |
| Details | |
| Date | 10 July 1973 |
| Location(s) | Prague, Czechoslovakia |
| Killed | 8 |
| Injured | 12 |
| Weapons | Praga RN Vehicle[1] |
Date apprehended | 10 July 1973 |
Background edit
Olga Hepnarová was born on 30 June 1951, in Prague, to Czech parents. Her father was a bank clerk and her mother was a dentist. Hepnarová was an average child, but later developed psychiatric problems, which manifested in an inability to communicate with people. In 1964, she attempted suicide by overdosing on her medication. She spent a year in a psychiatric ward at a hospital in Opařany,[2] where she was beaten and abused after an attempted escape. She was declared "neither homosexual, nor heterosexual" by the specialists, and no mental illness was diagnosed.[3] Hepnarová later worked at various jobs but was usually fired shortly after being hired, including when she was trained as a bookbinder in Prague and then worked in Cheb for a year before returning to Prague. She ended up working as a truck driver. Gradually she lost contact with her family, especially her father and older sister. She bought a cabin in the village of Oleško, from where she commuted to work. She later sold the cabin and bought a Trabant car with the money she had received.[2]
Arson attack edit
Hepnarová’s father inherited a farm in the village of Zábrodí, which the family used for recreation. On the morning of 7 August 1970, using a bottle of gasoline, Hepnarová set fire to the door in the living area of the building. She hoped that the fire would reach the hayloft via a dormer and destroy the homestead. Her sister and two tenants - a married couple over the age of 75 - were asleep in the house at the time. They woke up and managed to extinguish the fire in time. The final damage was only 50 Kčs. Hepnarová was not suspected of the crime. She had approached the farm on foot at night after taking a taxi from Náchod. She confessed to the act during a psychiatric examination in 1973. As a motive, she stated that the property had become the cause of money disputes between her parents.[4]
Truck attack edit
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Hepnarová began planning the truck attack about six months in advance. She believed all people were trying to hurt her. She said that she had been beaten up on the street for no reason, and no one helped her. She refused to become an unknown suicide, and wanted to be remembered.[4]
Her original plans included derailment of an express train or detonation of an explosive in a room full of people, but she decided that these were too technically demanding and instead decided on a mass shooting: she planned to obtain an automatic firearm and fire on people on Wenceslas Square. She enrolled in the shooting ring at the Svazarm. But she changed her mind about this option also: she was afraid that she might be immediately killed, and finding such a weapon also seemed difficult. Eventually she decided to use a vehicle as her weapon.[4]
From 11 January to 10 July 1973, Hepnarová lived in room 502 in what is now Penzion Malešice, which served as a hostel for the Prague Communications business. On 9 July, she left for a last look at her cottage, and then abandoned her Trabant car, to which she was strongly attached. The next day, on 10 July, she successfully completed a test drive to demonstrate that she was able to control the specific type of truck she wanted to rent.[4]
At 1:30 p.m., Hepnarová drove her Praga RN truck from the Defenders' of Peace (today Milada Horáková) to the Strossmayer Square (Strossmayerovo náměstí) in the Prague 7 district, where she drove her truck onto the sidewalk and into a group of about 25 people who were waiting for a tram. After the vehicle spontaneously stopped, witnesses tried to help her because they thought she had lost control of the vehicle due to a technical defect. However, Hepnarová immediately admitted that she had intentionally rammed into the crowd. Three people died immediately, three more died later the same day, two within a few days (all aged from 60 to 79), and 12 people were injured but survived.[4]
Before the attack, Hepnarová had sent a letter to two newspapers, Svobodné slovo and Mladý svět, explaining her actions as revenge for the hatred she felt was directed against her by her family and the world. The letter was received two days after the murder.[4][5][6]
I am a loner. A destroyed woman. A woman destroyed by people ... I have a choice – to kill myself or to kill others. I choose TO PAY BACK MY HATERS. It would be too easy to leave this world as an unknown suicide victim. Acta non verba. Society is too indifferent, rightly so. My verdict is: I, Olga Hepnarová, the victim of your bestiality, sentence you to death.
Arrest and conviction edit
During the investigation, Hepnarová confirmed her intention was to kill as many people as possible. Psychology experts found her fully aware of her actions, and she expressed no remorse. She planned her actions, as she took into account that the ground sloped down to the tram stop, which allowed her to gain speed for the maximum death toll. The attack was her second attempt, as she felt there were not enough people on her first run. Hepnarová demanded to be executed.[7] On 6 April 1974, Hepnarová was sentenced to death for murder by the City Court. The sentence was affirmed by higher instance courts and the Supreme Court re-qualified the sentence to public endangerment with the same penalty to be upheld. After several psychiatric examinations Hepnarová was deemed criminally responsible for her actions, and the Prime Minister of Czechoslovakia, Lubomír Štrougal, refused to grant her a pardon.[4][8]
Execution edit
Hepnarová was executed by short-drop hanging on 12 March 1975 at Pankrác Prison in Prague. She was the last woman executed in Czechoslovakia, and one of the last by the use of short-drop hanging.[9] There are disputes over how Hepnarová faced death. Some reports say she was calm, while others say she became hysterical and started screaming and begging for her life, and that the guards had to drag her to the gallows.[2]
Literature edit
In 1991, Bohumil Hrabal published the novel Ponorné říčky, in which he describes the remorse felt by an executioner from Pankrác for sending a "beautiful lady" called Olga to the gallows.[10]
The Czech novel Oprátka za osm mrtvých by Roman Cílek (2001) tells the story of Hepnarová, and contains a collection of contemporary documents.[11]
Music edit
In 2021, the album Dievčatko s náklaďákom (in English: Girl with a Truck) by the Slovak band Les Myzérables was released, which focuses on the life and death of Olga Hepnarová.
Film edit
I, Olga Hepnarová (Czech: Já, Olga Hepnarová) is a 2016 Czech-Polish drama film directed by Tomáš Weinreb and Petr Kazda. It was shown in the Panorama section at the 66th Berlin International Film Festival.[12]
See also edit
References edit
- ^ "1975: Olga Hepnarova, tram spotter". executed today.com. 12 March 2012. Retrieved 12 March 2012.
- ^ a b c "Olga Hepnarová - the last woman executed in Czechoslovakia". www.capitalpunishmentuk.org. Retrieved 2022-05-28.
- ^ "Miała 22 lata, gdy z zimną krwią zabiła osiem osób. Gdybym mogła, zrobiłabym to samo ponownie". gazetapl (in Polish). Retrieved 2023-02-10.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Olga Hepnarova". Prolific Case Files. 2020-09-03. Retrieved 2022-05-28.
- ^ "Odsuzuji vás k trestu smrti přejetím. Před 45 lety Olga Hepnarová zabila autem osm lidí - Novinky.cz". www.novinky.cz (in Czech). Retrieved 2021-07-11.
- ^ "Poprava Olgy Hepnarové: Nejhorší česká masová vražedkyně se úporně bránila". Dotyk (in Czech). Retrieved 2021-07-11.
- ^ "Olga Hepnarová 30.6.1951 - 12.3.1975 - Trial". pantharei.estranky.cz. Retrieved 2022-05-28.
- ^ "Olga Hepnarová 30.6.1951 - Finale" (in Czech). Pantharei.estranky.cz. Retrieved 4 March 2015.
- ^ Events of the execution day
- ^ "Motiv: Menschenhass". Radio Prague International (in German). 2018-07-14. Retrieved 2021-07-12.
- ^ KOSMAS.cz. Oprátka za osm mrtvých [e-kniha] - Roman Cílek | Kosmas.cz - internetové knihkupectví (in Czech).
- ^ "Berlinale 2016: Panorama Celebrates Teddy Award's 30th Anniversary and Announces First Titles in Programme". Berlinale. Retrieved 20 December 2015.