OKD (Czech: Ostravsko-karvinské doly; Ostrava-Karviná Mines) is a major mining company in the Czech Republic, the only producer of hard coal in the country with an annual production of around 8-9 million tonnes from 4 mines with 23 shafts extracting coal from depths ranging from 600 to 1,300 metres below the surface.[1]
 | |
| Company type | joint stock company |
|---|---|
| Industry | Mining |
| Predecessor | Správa pohledávek OKD  |
| Founded | 1952 |
| Headquarters | , |
Key people | Roman Sikora, Managing director |
| Products | Hard coal |
| Revenue | CZK 27.4 billion (2014) |
| 262,000,000 Czech koruna (2021) | |
| 217,000,000 Czech koruna (2021) | |
| Total assets | 5,637,000,000 Czech koruna (2021) |
| Owner | State company Prisko |
Number of employees | 10,099 (2014) |
| Website | http://www.okd.cz/ |
Its coal is mined in the Karviná basin in the southern part of the Upper-Silesian coal basin (operations in the Ostrava basin were stopped in early 1990s). The Company produces quality coking and thermal coal for the steel and energy markets in Central Europe.
OKD controls a subsidiary, OKD, HBZS, a.s. (mining rescue service), which pursues activities related to coal mining.[2]
OKD is one of the largest employers in the Moravian-Silesian Region. In 2011 on average 11,000 people worked for the Company. OKD's subsidiary OKD, HBZS a.s. provided jobs for almost 200 people.
OKD was acquired by the state of the Czech Republic in April 2018 through the state company Prisko.[3]
OKD in socialist Czechoslovakia edit
The foundations for the later OKD were established shortly after the Second World War when six existing mining companies were nationalized to form a state-owned company called Czech: Ostravsko-karvinské kamenouhelné doly.[citation needed]
The group actually encompassed a total of 32 mines, 9 coking plants, 10 mine power plants, the Třinec and Vítkovice steelworks, and several other industrial companies, and had a peak production of 24.7 million tons of coal recorded in 1980. State control of the company ended on January 1, 1991 when the company was wound up and a new joint-stock company, Ostravsko-karvinské doly (OKD), was established.[citation needed]
OKD after 1989 (Velvet Revolution) edit
Thereafter, the newly created OKD, a.s. launched a restructuring process – both mining and surface operations were combined into larger business entities and units and OKD subsidiaries were established.
Fundamentals steps in the company, streamlining process included a swift closure of the Ostrava mines, the subsequent headcount reduction and a gradual privatization of the company. In the period from 1990 to 2001, mining activities were abandoned in the Ostrava and Petřvald part of the district on an area of 180 km2.
In 1998, the government sold its majority share in the company to Karbon Invest, a.s.. In autumn 2004, Karbon Invest, a.s. purchased another stake held by the state to become the primary shareholder. It was in the same year that the majority share of Karbon Invest, a.s. was acquired by RPG Industrie Ltd., an entity owned by a group of international institutional and private investors.
In December 2005, the OKD Board of Directors approved a proposal to split the company. Core (mining) activities were transferred to the successor joint-stock company OKD, a.s. Other activities, not related directly to the primary mining activities, were taken on by another set of companies.
An RPG Group restructuring process also continued. Hald coal mining and coke production in the Czech Republic and Poland were brought together under the umbrella of New World Resources, which became one of the leading coal producers in Central Europe. NWR pens 100% of OKD stock.
In spring 2008, NWR shares were successfully listed on stock exchanges in Prague, Warsaw and London. The move created the biggest ever IPO on the Prague Stock Exchange, while in London it formed one of the biggest IPOs of 2008.[citation needed]
In 2008 OKD started working on large investment programme – 'Productivity Optimisation Programme 2010 (‘POP 2010’). At an investment of approximately EUR 450 million, POP 2010 is one of the biggest projects of its kind in Europe. The primary objective of POP 2010 was to improve equipment performance by implementing state-of-the-art technology for longwall production and gateroad development. The investment includes the acquisition and installation of state-of-the-art machinery, coupled with an extensive training programme across all four active coal mines.[4]
The Company has also published the OKD Safety Policy, which emphasises management’s priority placed on employee work safety. In September 2008, OKD unveiled its SAFETY 2010 programme. On a year-to-year comparison, the key safety and injury rate indicators at OKD sites in 2010 show favourable trends. The number of injuries decreased from the previous year’s 346 to 248 in 2011, which represents a reduction of 28%.[5] Company invested a further EUR 17 million into the purchase of the most modern personal protective equipment available.[6]
In 2008 OKD renewed its long-standing support for mining education. OKD has renewed its collaboration with the Vocational School of Technology and Services in Karviná, the institution which has traditionally trained workers for the OKD mines, supporting the introduction of a new three-year curriculum to train mining operation specialists, such as U/G electricians and mechanics.[7]
On 4 May 2016 OKD declared insolvency.[8]
Active coal mining operations edit
There are four active OKD hard coal mines: Karviná, Darkov, Paskov and ČSM. Reserves in these active mines total 195 million tonnes (as at 1 January 2012).[9] Mining is carried out in the active part of the district in area of 133.65 km2 in nine face working areas.
Major customers include ArcelorMittal, ČEZ, Dalkia, Dunaferr, Moravia Steel, U.S. Steel, Verbund and voestalpine.[10]
- Karviná Mine: Lazy and CSA mines were combined into one business unit named Karviná in 2008. In 2014 Production 3.048 million tonnes, reserves 20 million tonnes, coal type: Semi-Soft Coking/Hard Coking/Thermal. On 20 December 2018 13 miners were killed and 10 more injured in a methane explosion there. Twelve of the fatalities were Poles.[11] This was the worst mining disaster in the Czech Republic since 1990, when 30 miners died at a mine near Karvina.[12]
- Darkov Mine: Mining in the area where the Darkov mine is located began in 1853 in the Gabriela mine. The Hohenegger and Austria mines began production in 1883 and 1907, respectively. These mines were merged in the 1950s. The Závod 2 site began operations in 1982. In 2014: production 2.195 million tonnes, reserves 9 million tonnes, coal type: Semi-Hard Coking/Thermal.
- ČSM Mine: The construction works for ČSM located in Karviná began in 1958 and operations began in 1968. In 2014: production 2.236 million tonnes, reserves 26.5 million tonnes, coal type: Semi-Soft Coking/Hard Coking/Thermal. Situated in Stonava, Karviná, Albrechtice and Chotěbuz.
- Paskov Mine: Paskov, with its one active site in Staric, is the only active mine in the Frýdek-Místek region. The original Paskov site was founded in 1961, began operations in 1965 and closed in 1999. The Staric site was founded in 1963 and began operations in 1970. In 1994, the Paskov and Staric sites were merged into Paskov.[13] In 2014: production 862,000 tonnes, reserves 2.5 million tonnes, coal type: Hard Coking. Paskov Mine is very problematic.[14]
See also edit
References edit
- ^ "About us". OKD.
- ^ "Home". hbzs-ov.cz.
- ^ "OKD převzal za 80 milionů státní podnik Prisko. Do roku 2026 má postupně utlumit těžbu, poslední důl se má zavřít o tři roky dříve". ihned.cz. 4 April 2018.
- ^ "NWR´s Investment Programmes". New World Resources. Archived from the original on 20 April 2009.
- ^ "Safety and health protection policy". OKD.
- ^ http://www.newworldresources.eu/nwr/pages/ourresponsibilities/ourpeople/healthsafety [dead link]
- ^ "Students went down the shaft to Paskov Mine's training gallery in Staříč". OKD (Press release).
- ^ "Unit of Eastern Europe's largest private coal miner files for insolvency". MINING.COM. 3 May 2016. Retrieved 20 February 2022.
- ^ "Mines & Plants". New World Resources. Archived from the original on 20 April 2009.
- ^ "Customers". OKD. Retrieved 20 February 2022.
- ^ "Czech coal mine blast kills 13: Reports". 21 December 2018.
- ^ "Worst Czech coal mine blast in decades kills 12 Poles, one Czech". Reuters. 20 December 2018.
- ^ "How coal is mined in OKD". OKD.
- ^ "Mines & Plants". New World Resources. Archived from the original on 20 April 2009.