Municipalities of Chiapas

Chiapas is a state in Southwest Mexico. According to the 2020 Mexican census, it has the eighth largest population of all states with 5,543,828 inhabitants and the 10th largest by land area spanning 73,560.47 square kilometres (28,401.86 sq mi).[1][2] Chiapas is officially divided into 124 municipalities,[3][4] although the establishment of municipal authorities in Belisario Domínguez was suspended in 2015 pending the resolution of a territorial dispute between Chiapas and the neighbouring state of Oaxaca.[5] In 2021, the Mexican Supreme Court resolved this dispute in Oaxaca's favour,[6] and annulled the 2011 decree that had created Belisario Domínguez.[7]

Map of Mexico with Chiapas highlighted
Map of Mexico with Chiapas highlighted

Municipalities in Chiapas are administratively autonomous of the state according to the 115th article of the 1917 Constitution of Mexico.[8] Every three years, citizens elect a municipal president (Spanish: presidente municipal) by a plurality voting system who heads a concurrently elected municipal council (ayuntamiento) responsible for providing all the public services for their constituents. The municipal council consists of a variable number of trustees and councillors (regidores y síndicos).[9] Municipalities are responsible for public services (such as water and sewerage), street lighting, public safety, traffic, and the maintenance of public parks, gardens and cemeteries.[10] They may also assist the state and federal governments in education, emergency fire and medical services, environmental protection and maintenance of monuments and historical landmarks. Since 1984, they have had the power to collect property taxes and user fees, although more funds are obtained from the state and federal governments than from their own income.[10]

The largest municipality by population is the state capital Tuxtla Gutiérrez, with 604,147 residents while the smallest is Sunuapa with 2,308 residents.[1] The largest municipality by land area is Ocosingo which spans 9,520.12 km2 (3,675.74 sq mi), and the smallest is Santiago el Pinar which spans 16.59 km2 (6.41 sq mi).[2] The newest municipality is Honduras de la Sierra, incorporated on July 15, 2018.[11]

Municipalities edit

  State capital

Municipalities of Chiapas
Name Municipal seat Population
(2020)[1]
Population
(2010)[12]
Change Land area[2] Population density
(2020)
Incorporation date[13]
km2 sq mi
Acacoyagua Acacoyagua 17,994 16,814 +7.0% 248.92 96.11 72.3/km2 (187.2/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Acala[a] Acala 21,187 28,947 −26.8% 295.60 114.13 71.7/km2 (185.6/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Acapetahua Acapetahua 26,899 27,580 −2.5% 561.81 216.91 47.9/km2 (124.0/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Aldama[b] Aldama 8,480 5,072 +67.2% 26.90 10.39 315.3/km2 (816.5/sq mi) July 28, 1999[14]
Altamirano[c] Altamirano 36,160 29,865 +21.1% 958.34 370.02 34.3/km2 (88.8/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Amatán Amatán 24,512 21,275 +15.2% 316.97 122.38 77.3/km2 (200.3/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Amatenango de la Frontera Amatenango de la Frontera 31,735 29,547 +7.4% 254.46 98.25 124.7/km2 (323.0/sq mi) August 16, 1884
Amatenango del Valle Amatenango del Valle 11,283 8,728 +29.3% 152.64 58.93 73.9/km2 (191.5/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Angel Albino Corzo Jaltenango de la Paz 31,947 26,628 +20.0% 583.54 225.31 48.3/km2 (125.0/sq mi) March 1, 1933
Arriaga Arriaga 41,135 40,042 +2.7% 810.52 312.94 50.8/km2 (131.4/sq mi) May 28, 1910
Bejucal de Ocampo Bejucal de Ocampo 7,365 7,623 −3.4% 79.00 30.50 93.2/km2 (241.5/sq mi) May 4, 1912
Belisario Domínguez[d] Rodulfo Figueroa
Bella Vista[e] Bella Vista 20,157 19,281 +4.5% 214.47 82.81 94.0/km2 (243.4/sq mi) June 10, 1925
Benemérito de las Américas Benemérito de las Américas 23,603 17,282 +36.6% 1,096.70 423.44 21.5/km2 (55.7/sq mi) July 28, 1999
Berriozábal Berriozábal 64,632 43,179 +49.7% 353.15 136.35 183.0/km2 (474.0/sq mi) May 30, 1898
Bochil Bochil 37,263 30,642 +21.6% 366.42 141.48 101.7/km2 (263.4/sq mi) August 28, 1929
Cacahoatán Cacahoatán 50,112 43,811 +14.4% 174.80 67.49 286.7/km2 (742.5/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Capitán Luis Ángel Vidal Capitán Luis Ángel Vidal 4,315 3,653 +18.1% 225.24 86.97 19.2/km2 (49.6/sq mi) September 6, 2017
Catazajá Catazajá 17,619 17,140 +2.8% 631.76 243.93 27.9/km2 (72.2/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Chalchihuitán Chalchihuitán 21,915 14,027 +56.2% 185.91 71.78 117.9/km2 (305.3/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Chamula Chamula 101,967 76,941 +32.5% 345.67 133.46 295.0/km2 (764.0/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Chanal Chanal 13,678 10,817 +26.4% 408.07 157.56 33.5/km2 (86.8/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Chapultenango Chapultenango 7,472 7,332 +1.9% 182.02 70.28 41.0/km2 (106.3/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Chenalhó Chenalhó 47,371 36,111 +31.2% 252.23 97.39 187.8/km2 (486.4/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Chiapa de Corzo Chiapa de Corzo 112,075 87,603 +27.9% 833.39 321.77 134.5/km2 (348.3/sq mi) March 31, 1849
Chiapilla Chiapilla 6,156 5,405 +13.9% 51.58 19.91 119.4/km2 (309.1/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Chicoasén Chicoasén 5,402 5,018 +7.7% 115.72 44.68 46.7/km2 (120.9/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Chicomuselo Chicomuselo 36,785 31,515 +16.7% 999.91 386.07 36.8/km2 (95.3/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Chilón Chilón 137,262 111,554 +23.0% 1,685.16 650.65 81.5/km2 (211.0/sq mi) March 31, 1849
Cintalapa Cintalapa de Figueroa 88,106 78,114 +12.8% 2,448.75 945.47 36.0/km2 (93.2/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Coapilla Coapilla 9,900 8,444 +17.2% 155.53 60.05 63.7/km2 (164.9/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Comitán de Domínguez Comitán de Domínguez 166,178 141,013 +17.8% 981.19 378.84 169.4/km2 (438.6/sq mi) March 31, 1849
Copainalá Copainalá 22,192 21,050 +5.4% 347.56 134.20 63.8/km2 (165.4/sq mi) December 11, 1882
El Bosque[f] El Bosque 24,273 18,559 +30.8% 159.69 61.65 152.0/km2 (393.7/sq mi) December 11, 1882
El Parral El Parral 15,587 14,171 +10.0% 365.50 141.12 42.6/km2 (110.5/sq mi) November 23, 2011
El Porvenir El Porvenir 12,263 13,201 −7.1% 82.95 32.03 147.8/km2 (382.9/sq mi) November 23, 1922
Emiliano Zapata 20 de Noviembre 10,783 9,915 +8.8% 179.14 69.17 60.2/km2 (155.9/sq mi) November 23, 2011
Escuintla Escuintla 30,896 30,068 +2.8% 418.36 161.53 73.9/km2 (191.3/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Francisco León[g] Rivera el Viejo Carmen 7,245 7,000 +3.5% 210.79 81.39 34.4/km2 (89.0/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Frontera Comalapa Frontera Comalapa 80,897 67,012 +20.7% 767.14 296.19 105.5/km2 (273.1/sq mi) February 28, 1930
Frontera Hidalgo Frontera Hidalgo 14,556 12,665 +14.9% 94.38 36.44 154.2/km2 (399.4/sq mi) August 28, 1929
Honduras de la Sierra Honduras de la Sierra 11,650 10,989 +6.0% 200.00 77.22 58.3/km2 (150.9/sq mi) July 15, 2018
Huehuetán Huehuetán 36,333 33,444 +8.6% 304.26 117.48 119.4/km2 (309.3/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Huitiupán Huitiupán 27,893 22,536 +23.8% 340.23 131.36 82.0/km2 (212.3/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Huixtán Huixtán 22,975 21,507 +6.8% 311.82 120.40 73.7/km2 (190.8/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Huixtla Huixtla 53,242 51,359 +3.7% 397.55 153.50 133.9/km2 (346.9/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Ixhuatán Ixhuatan 11,377 10,239 +11.1% 94.68 36.55 120.2/km2 (311.2/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Ixtacomitán Ixtacomitán 10,961 10,176 +7.7% 125.66 48.52 87.2/km2 (225.9/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Ixtapa Ixtapa 28,999 24,517 +18.3% 280.02 108.12 103.6/km2 (268.2/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Ixtapangajoya Ixtapangajoya 6,284 5,478 +14.7% 107.60 41.54 58.4/km2 (151.3/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Jiquipilas Jiquipilas 41,063 37,818 +8.6% 1,305.75 504.15 31.4/km2 (81.4/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Jitotol Jitotol 24,966 18,683 +33.6% 236.37 91.26 105.6/km2 (273.6/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Juárez Juárez 21,807 21,084 +3.4% 745.21 287.73 29.3/km2 (75.8/sq mi) December 11, 1882
La Concordia La Concordia 49,920 44,082 +13.2% 2,580.75 996.43 19.3/km2 (50.1/sq mi) December 11, 1882
La Grandeza La Grandeza 7,701 7,272 +5.9% 48.86 18.87 157.6/km2 (408.2/sq mi) February 5, 1921
La Independencia La Independencia 46,409 41,266 +12.5% 516.08 199.26 89.9/km2 (232.9/sq mi) February 28, 1930
La Libertad La Libertad 5,232 4,974 +5.2% 458.10 176.87 11.4/km2 (29.6/sq mi) December 11, 1882
La Trinitaria[h] La Trinitaria 83,111 72,769 +14.2% 1,608.38 621.00 51.7/km2 (133.8/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Larráinzar[i] San Andrés Larráinzar 31,259 20,349 +53.6% 149.29 57.64 209.4/km2 (542.3/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Las Margaritas Las Margaritas 141,027 111,484 +26.5% 3,025.71 1,168.23 46.6/km2 (120.7/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Las Rosas[j] Las Rosas 28,829 25,530 +12.9% 235.61 90.97 122.4/km2 (316.9/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Mapastepec Mapastepec 46,130 43,913 +5.0% 1,223.87 472.54 37.7/km2 (97.6/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Maravilla Tenejapa Maravilla Tenejapa 14,714 11,451 +28.5% 637.12 245.99 23.1/km2 (59.8/sq mi) July 28, 1999
Marqués de Comillas Zamora Pico de Oro 12,892 9,856 +30.8% 912.40 352.28 14.1/km2 (36.6/sq mi) July 28, 1999
Mazapa de Madero Mazapa de Madero 7,901 7,793 +1.4% 110.69 42.74 71.4/km2 (184.9/sq mi) February 5, 1921
Mazatán Mazatán 28,250 26,573 +6.3% 383.99 148.26 73.6/km2 (190.5/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Metapa Metapa de Domínguez 5,876 5,033 +16.7% 27.33 10.55 215.0/km2 (557.0/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Mezcalapa Raudales Malpaso 23,847 20,950 +13.8% 847.31 327.15 28.1/km2 (72.9/sq mi) November 14, 2011[16]
Mitontic Mitontic 13,755 11,157 +23.3% 36.69 14.17 374.9/km2 (971.0/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Montecristo de Guerrero Montecristo de Guerrero 8,412 6,900 +21.9% 198.59 76.68 42.4/km2 (109.7/sq mi) July 28, 1999
Motozintla Motozintla de Mendoza 76,398 69,119 +10.5% 586.39 226.41 130.3/km2 (337.4/sq mi) February 5, 1921
Nicolás Ruíz[k] Nicolás Ruíz 4,765 4,317 +10.4% 29.63 11.44 160.8/km2 (416.5/sq mi) November 23, 1922
Ocosingo Ocosingo 234,661 198,877 +18.0% 9,520.12 3,675.74 24.6/km2 (63.8/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Ocotepec Ocotepec 14,088 11,878 +18.6% 61.34 23.68 229.7/km2 (594.8/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Ocozocoautla de Espinosa Ocozocoautla de Espinosa 97,397 82,059 +18.7% 2,102.52 811.79 46.3/km2 (120.0/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Ostuacán Ostuacán 18,469 17,067 +8.2% 600.46 231.84 30.8/km2 (79.7/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Osumacinta Osumacinta 3,983 3,792 +5.0% 92.61 35.76 43.0/km2 (111.4/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Oxchuc Oxchuc 54,932 43,350 +26.7% 417.85 161.33 131.5/km2 (340.5/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Palenque Palenque 132,265 110,918 +19.2% 2,897.44 1,118.71 45.6/km2 (118.2/sq mi) March 31, 1849
Pantelhó Pantelhó 26,391 20,589 +28.2% 193.18 74.59 136.6/km2 (353.8/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Pantepec Pantepec 12,266 10,870 +12.8% 106.03 40.94 115.7/km2 (299.6/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Pichucalco Pichucalco 31,919 29,813 +7.1% 595.09 229.76 53.6/km2 (138.9/sq mi) March 31, 1849
Pijijiapan Pijijiapan 51,193 50,079 +2.2% 1,762.77 680.61 29.0/km2 (75.2/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Pueblo Nuevo Solistahuacán[l] Pueblo Nuevo Solistahuacán 29,636 31,075 −4.6% 248.25 95.85 119.4/km2 (309.2/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Rayón[m] Rayón 10,866 9,002 +20.7% 67.90 26.22 160.0/km2 (414.5/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Reforma Reforma 44,829 40,711 +10.1% 436.30 168.46 102.7/km2 (266.1/sq mi) December 27, 1933
Rincón Chamula San Pedro Rincón Chamula 8,718 7,244 +20.3% 77.93 30.09 111.9/km2 (289.7/sq mi) September 6, 2017
Sabanilla Sabanilla 29,889 25,187 +18.7% 250.78 96.83 119.2/km2 (308.7/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Salto de Agua Salto de Agua 64,251 57,253 +12.2% 1,232.27 475.78 52.1/km2 (135.0/sq mi) December 11, 1882
San Andrés Duraznal San Andrés Duraznal 5,163 4,545 +13.6% 38.46 14.85 134.2/km2 (347.7/sq mi) July 28, 1999
San Cristóbal de las Casas[n] San Cristóbal de las Casas 215,874 185,917 +16.1% 395.50 152.70 545.8/km2 (1,413.7/sq mi) March 31, 1849
San Fernando San Fernando 41,793 33,060 +26.4% 360.74 139.28 115.9/km2 (300.1/sq mi) December 11, 1882
San Juan Cancuc San Juan Cancuc 37,948 29,016 +30.8% 173.62 67.04 218.6/km2 (566.1/sq mi) August 30, 1989
San Lucas[o] San Lucas 7,202 6,734 +6.9% 94.35 36.43 76.3/km2 (197.7/sq mi) May 8, 1935
Santiago el Pinar Santiago el Pinar 4,959 3,245 +52.8% 16.59 6.41 298.9/km2 (774.1/sq mi) July 28, 1999
Siltepec[p] Siltepec 25,937 38,143 −32.0% 264.50 102.12 98.1/km2 (254.0/sq mi) February 5, 1921
Simojovel Simojovel de Allende 52,935 40,297 +31.4% 314.99 121.62 168.1/km2 (435.3/sq mi) March 31, 1849
Sitalá Sitalá 15,518 12,269 +26.5% 105.75 40.83 146.7/km2 (380.0/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Socoltenango Socoltenango 19,092 17,125 +11.5% 634.91 245.14 30.1/km2 (77.9/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Solosuchiapa Solosuchiapa 8,561 8,065 +6.2% 156.84 60.56 54.6/km2 (141.4/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Soyaló Soyaló 10,890 9,740 +11.8% 96.41 37.22 113.0/km2 (292.6/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Suchiapa Suchiapa 25,627 21,045 +21.8% 284.85 109.98 90.0/km2 (233.0/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Suchiate Ciudad Hidalgo 41,672 35,056 +18.9% 236.98 91.50 175.8/km2 (455.4/sq mi) July 8, 1925
Sunuapa Sunuapa 2,308 2,235 +3.3% 78.59 30.34 29.4/km2 (76.1/sq mi) February 5, 1921
Tapachula Tapachula 353,706 320,451 +10.4% 983.65 379.79 359.6/km2 (931.3/sq mi) March 31, 1849
Tapalapa Tapalapa 4,547 4,121 +10.3% 66.32 25.61 68.6/km2 (177.6/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Tapilula Tapilula 13,592 12,170 +11.7% 42.74 16.50 318.1/km2 (823.8/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Tecpatán[q] Tecpatán 21,426 41,045 −47.8% 770.60 297.53 27.8/km2 (72.0/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Tenejapa Tenejapa 48,162 40,268 +19.6% 193.12 74.57 249.4/km2 (645.9/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Teopisca Teopisca 49,499 37,607 +31.6% 284.44 109.82 174.0/km2 (450.7/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Tila Tila 83,505 71,432 +16.9% 803.89 310.38 103.9/km2 (269.0/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Tonalá Tonala 91,913 84,594 +8.7% 1,858.92 717.73 49.4/km2 (128.1/sq mi) March 31, 1849
Totolapa Totolapa 7,211 6,375 +13.1% 169.10 65.29 42.6/km2 (110.4/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Tumbalá Tumbalá 38,025 31,723 +19.9% 403.52 155.80 94.2/km2 (244.1/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Tuxtla Chico Tuxtla Chico 41,024 37,737 +8.7% 161.95 62.53 253.3/km2 (656.1/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Tuxtla Gutiérrez Tuxtla Gutiérrez 604,147 553,374 +9.2% 336.07 129.76 1,797.7/km2 (4,656.0/sq mi) March 31, 1849
Tuzantán Tuzantán 30,302 28,137 +7.7% 174.87 67.52 173.3/km2 (448.8/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Tzimol Tzimol 16,560 14,009 +18.2% 359.44 138.78 46.1/km2 (119.3/sq mi) April 1, 1931
Unión Juárez Unión Juárez 16,008 14,089 +13.6% 62.26 24.04 257.1/km2 (665.9/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Venustiano Carranza[r] Venustiano Carranza 67,292 61,341 +9.7% 1,364.65 526.89 49.3/km2 (127.7/sq mi) March 31, 1849
Villa Comaltitlán[s] Villa Comaltitlán 29,636 27,899 +6.2% 447.05 172.61 66.3/km2 (171.7/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Villa Corzo[t][u] Villa Corzo 65,643 74,477 −11.9% 2,764.48 1,067.37 23.7/km2 (61.5/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Villaflores[v] Villaflores 109,536 98,618 +11.1% 1,907.90 736.64 57.4/km2 (148.7/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Yajalón Yajalón 40,285 34,028 +18.4% 209.96 81.07 191.9/km2 (496.9/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Zinacantán Zinacantán 45,373 36,489 +24.3% 195.26 75.39 232.4/km2 (601.8/sq mi) December 11, 1882
Chiapas 5,543,828 4,796,580 +15.6% 73,560.47 28,401.86 75.4/km2 (195.2/sq mi)
Mexico[17] 126,014,024 112,336,538 +12.2% 1,972,550 761,606 63.9/km2 (165.5/sq mi)

Notes edit

  1. ^ The municipality of Emiliano Zapata was created out of Acala's territory in 2011.
  2. ^ Aldama was originally incorporated as Santa María Magdalena, changing its name on February 28, 1934.[13]
  3. ^ Altamirano was originally incorporated as San Carlos, changing its name on January 30, 1935.[13]
  4. ^ Gazetted in 2011, municipal authorities elected in 2015 were rejected by the Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation as contrary to its 2012 order prohibiting the naming of municipal authorities in the area, which is disputed by Oaxaca. INEGI does not include it within its National Geostatistical Framework.[15]
  5. ^ Bella Vista was originally incorporated as San Pedro Remate, changing its name on February 13, 1934.[13]
  6. ^ El Bosque was originally incorporated as San Juan Bautista, changing its name on February 13, 1934.[13]
  7. ^ Francisco León was originally incorporated as Santa María Magdalena, changing its name on February 28, 1934.[13]
  8. ^ La Trinitaria was originally incorporated as Zapaluta, changing its name on October 5, 1912.[13]
  9. ^ Larráinzar was originally incorporated as San Andrés, changing its name on February 28, 1934.[13]
  10. ^ Las Rosas was originally incorporated as Pinola, changing its name on October 5, 1912.[13]
  11. ^ Nicolás Ruiz was originally incorporated as San Diego La Reforma, changing its name on February 28, 1934.[13]
  12. ^ The municipality of Rincón Chamula San Pedro was created out of Pueblo Nuevo Solistahuacán's territory in 2017.
  13. ^ Rayón was originally incorporated as San Bartolomé Solistaguacán, changing its name on February 28, 1934.[13]
  14. ^ San Cristóbal was originally incorporated as Ciudad Real, changing its name on July 27, 1829.[13]
  15. ^ Renamed to El Zapotal from 1934 to 1972.
  16. ^ The municipalities of Capitán Luis Ángel Vidal and Honduras de la Sierra were created out of Siltepec's territory in 2017 and 2018.
  17. ^ The municipality of Mezcalapa was created out of Tecpatán's territory in 2011.
  18. ^ Venustiano Carranza was originally incorporated as San Bartolomé de los Llanos, changing its name on February 28, 1934.[13]
  19. ^ Villa Comaltitlán was originally incorporated as Pueblo Nuevo Comaltitlán, changing its name on June 15, 1960.[13]
  20. ^ Villa Corzo was originally incorporated as Trinidad de la Ley, changing its name on November 3, 1893.[13]
  21. ^ The municipality of El Parral was created out of Villa Corzo's territory in 2011.
  22. ^ Villaflores was originally incorporated as Catarina la Grande, changing its name on November 3, 1893.[13]

References edit

  1. ^ a b c "Censo de Población y Vivienda 2020 - SCITEL" (in Spanish). INEGI. Retrieved 2021-01-27.
  2. ^ a b c "Unidad de Microrregiones Cedulas de Informacion Municipal (SCIM)" (in Spanish). Secretara de Desarrollo Social. Retrieved November 18, 2017.
  3. ^ "Constitución Política del Estado Libre y Soberano de Chiapas". Article 2, Act of September 6, 2017 (PDF) (in Spanish). Retrieved January 5, 2018.
  4. ^ "En 2018 sí habrá elecciones en nuevos municipios de Chiapas: SGG". El Estado (in Spanish). September 21, 2017. Archived from the original on January 6, 2018. Retrieved January 5, 2018.
  5. ^ "Desaparecen Concejo Municipal por controversia constitucional" (in Spanish). MuralChiapas. April 20, 2016. Retrieved March 25, 2018.
  6. ^ Briseño, Patricia (November 11, 2021). "SCJN ratifica límites históricos entre Oaxaca y Chiapas". Excélsior (in Spanish). Retrieved January 9, 2022.
  7. ^ López, Isaí (November 11, 2021). "SCJN deja sin efecto decreto del Congreso de Chiapas que creó municipio Belisario Domínguez". El Heraldo de Chiapas (in Spanish). Retrieved January 9, 2022.
  8. ^ "Constitución Política de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos". Article 115, Act of 1917 (in Spanish). Retrieved September 27, 2017.
  9. ^ OECD (November 12, 2004). New Forms of Governance for Economic Development. OECD Publishing. p. 121. ISBN 9264015329.
  10. ^ a b International Business Publications (2009). Mexico Company Laws and Regulations Handbook. p. 42. ISBN 978-1-4330-7030-3. {{cite book}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  11. ^ López, Isaí (4 October 2019). "Honduras de la Sierra, el nuevo municipio". El Heraldo de Chiapas (in Spanish). Retrieved 24 October 2020.
  12. ^ "Localidades y su población por municipio segun tamaño de localidad" (PDF) (in Spanish). INEGI. Archived from the original (PDF) on August 31, 2018. Retrieved March 11, 2018.
  13. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Estado de Chiapas División Territorial de 1810 a 1995 (PDF) (in Spanish). Mexico: INEGI. 1996. pp. 79–95. ISBN 970-13-1486-7.
  14. ^ "Enciclopedia de los Municipios" (in Spanish). INAFED.
  15. ^ "Catálogo Único de Claves de Áreas Geoestadísticas Estatales, Municipales y Localidades". INEGI. November 2017. Retrieved 9 February 2018.
  16. ^ "Mezcalapa - Gobierno de Chiapas". Chiapas.gob.mx. Retrieved 26 July 2018.
  17. ^ "Población" (in Spanish). INEGI. Retrieved January 20, 2018.