Mehmed Alajbegović (7 May 1906 – 7 June 1947) was a Bosnian Muslim politician, lawyer and a government minister of the Independent State of Croatia, an Axis puppet state. He was executed for war crimes by Yugoslav authorities following the war.
Mehmed Alajbegović | |
|---|---|
 Mehmed Alajbegović during trial in 1946 | |
| 5th Foreign Minister of the Independent State of Croatia | |
| In office 5 May 1944 – 6 May 1945 | |
| Prime Minister | Nikola Mandić |
| Leader | Ante Pavelić |
| Preceded by | Mladen Lorković |
| Succeeded by | Office abolished |
| 1st Minister of Welfare for Perished Lands | |
| In office 11 October 1943 – 5 May 1944 | |
| Leader | Ante Pavelić |
| Preceded by | Office established |
| Succeeded by | Meho Mehičić |
| Consul to the German Reich in Munich | |
| In office 24 January 1942 – 11 October 1943 | |
| Personal details | |
| Born | 7 May 1906 Bihać, Condominium of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Austria-Hungary |
| Died | 7 June 1947 (aged 41) Zagreb, SR Croatia, Yugoslavia |
| Political party | Ustaše |
| Alma mater | University of Zagreb University of Algiers |
| Profession | Lawyer |
Early life edit
Mehmed Alajbegović was born in Bihać on 7 May 1906, into a Bosnian Muslim family. Both his father and grandfather had been mayors of Bihać. Alajbegović finished elementary school and high school in the town and moved to Zagreb in 1928, where he studied law at the University of Zagreb. He received his doctorate in 1934. During his studies, he visited many foreign cities and spent a great deal of time in Paris, where he worked as a Croatian-language teacher. After receiving his doctorate, Alajbegović was named judge at the district court of Prozor. He went on to study Sharia law at the University of Algiers, from which he graduated in 1940. Beginning in 1938, he was also a judge and secretary at the Administrative Court of Zagreb.[1] Alajbegović was one of the participants in establishment, member and a committeeman, of Društvo bosansko-hercegovačkih Hrvata u Zagrebu (Society of the Bosnian-Herzegovinian Croats in Zagreb) which was established in March 1939.[2][better source needed]
World War II edit
Following the establishment of the Independent State of Croatia (Croatian: Nezavisna Država Hrvatska, NDH) in April 1941, Alajbegović left his role as professor of Islamic studies at the University of Zagreb and became a diplomat. In August 1941, he became a secretary in the NDH Foreign Ministry. On 27 January 1942, Alajbegović was named Consul to the German Reich in Munich. He held this position until 11 October 1943, when Poglavnik Ante Pavelić made him Minister of Welfare for Perished Lands.[1] In this position, he was responsible for securing more than 300,000 mostly Muslim refugees from various parts of the NDH in eastern Bosnia, Herzegovina and Sandžak; most of these were fleeing the Chetniks.[3]
On 5 May 1944, Alajbegović was named Foreign Minister.[3] The Germans interpreted this as an attempt to appease Muslims in the NDH.[4] On 18 and 19 September 1944, Alajbegović accompanied Pavelić on a diplomatic visit to Berlin and met with German leader Adolf Hitler. In the last months of World War II, he attempted to reconcile nationalist factions fighting in occupied Yugoslavia, such as the Montenegrin separatist leader Sekula Drljević, Slovene collaborationist leader Leon Rupnik and Chetnik leader Draža Mihailović, in order to form an anti-communist coalition to combat the powerful Yugoslav Partisans and the Red Army. Alajbegović remained Foreign Minister until 6 May 1945, when he fled Zagreb together with other high-ranking NDH officials.[citation needed]
He fled Yugoslavia and sought sanctuary in Krumpendorf, Austria. He then moved to Salzburg, where he was arrested by Allied forces on 6 September 1945. He was briefly detained in a prisoner-of-war camp in Glasenbach. Alajbegović was extradited to Yugoslavia three days later, on 9 September.[3] While being interrogated by Yugoslav intelligence agents, he was asked why he joined the Ustaše. He responded, "the main motive that led me to join them was that they had an idea for a Croatian state. A great influence on me was made by cognition about the right of the Croatian people to have a state, and other motives were ignored."[5] Alajbegović was charged with various crimes and tried by the Supreme Court of the People's Republic of Croatia in May 1947. He was found guilty of collaboration and sentenced to death on 7 June 1947 and executed the same day.[3]
Notes edit
- ^ a b Dizdar et al. 1997, p. 4.
- ^ Zlatko Hasanbegović, Muslimani u Zagrebu 1878.-1945. Doba utemeljenja, Medžlis Islamske zajednice u Zagrebu-Institut društvenih znanosti Ivo Pilar, Zagreb, 2007, pp. 175 and note 336:
Muslimanski članovi Društva bosansko-hercegovačkih Hrvata u Zagrebu bili su: Ibrahim Kotlo, tajnik, Asim Hadžiabdić, rizničar, i odbornici Derviš Hadžioman, Halid Muftić, Omer Mujadžić, Salko Alečković, Sadik Zildžić, Ibrahim Ruždić, Junus Mehmedagić, Muharem Huseinbegović, Smail Hajrić, Atif Fejzagić, Hasan Stupac, Muharem Tudaković, Maše Hrnjić, Salih Mujkić, Derviš Čaušević, Sulejman Mulić, Muharem Teskeredžić, Muhamed Karić, Omer Šuljak, Husein Jašarević, Mehmed Alajbegović (...). HDA, MKDNU, Popis članova Društva bosansko-hercegovačkih Hrvata u Zagrebu i Zapisnici sa sjednica društva; Hrvatski dnevnik, 29. III. 1939.
- ^ a b c d Dizdar et al. 1997, p. 5.
- ^ Redžić 2005, p. 46.
- ^ Kisić–Kolanović 2004, p. 913.
References edit
- Dizdar, Zdravko; Grčić, Marko; Ravlić, Slaven; Stuparić, Darko (1997). Tko je tko u NDH (in Croatian). Zagreb: Minerva. ISBN 978-953-6377-03-9.
- Kisić–Kolanović, Nada (2004). "Muslimanska inteligencija i islam u Nezavisnoj Državi Hrvatskoj" (Document) (in Croatian). Zagreb: Hrvatski institut za povijest.
- Redžić, Enver (2005). Bosnia and Herzegovina in the Second World War. Abingdon-on-Thames: Frank Cass. ISBN 978-0-7146-5625-0.