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The Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine Bridge–Tunnel (French: Pont-Tunnel Louis-Hippolyte-La Fontaine) is a highway bridge–tunnel running over and beneath the Saint Lawrence River. It connects the Montreal borough of Mercier–Hochelaga-Maisonneuve with the south shore of the river at Longueuil, Quebec.
 Montreal entrance to tunnel, 2009 | |
| Overview | |
|---|---|
| Location | Montreal, Quebec, Canada |
| Route |   A-25 (TCH) |
| Crosses | St. Lawrence River |
| Operation | |
| Opened | March 11, 1967 |
| Traffic | 120,000[1] |
| Character | Limited access highway |
| Technical | |
| Length | 1,391 m (4,563.6 ft) (tunnel section) 409 m (1,341.9 ft) (causeway section) |
| No. of lanes | 6 |
| Tunnel clearance | 4.4 m (14 ft 5+1⁄4 in) |
| Width | 37 m (121.4 ft) |
  Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine Bridge–Tunnel (Montreal) | |
Named after Lower Canada political reformer Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine, the Lafontaine Tunnel is an immersed tube structure, measuring 1,391 m (4,563.6 ft) long. It carries the Autoroute 25 expressway and passes beneath the main shipping channel in the Saint Lawrence River immediately downstream from the Saint Lawrence Seaway. It surfaces on Île Charron (Îles de Boucherville at entrance/exit #1 of Autoroute 25), then continues by bridge to Longueuil. The bridge-tunnel sees about 120,000 daily crossings, of which 13% are trucks.[1] Its construction began in 1963 and it opened on March 11, 1967.[2][3]
History edit
In 1960, the construction of the Trans-Canada Highway (TCH) through Quebec from the Ontario border to Rivière-du-Loup was announced. In Montreal, to avoid having to build a huge bridge that would have disfigured the city and destroyed a neighbourhood, engineers opted for the construction of a tunnel located under the Saint Lawrence River and dug a trench under the river bed and buried the tunnel sections 4.6 metres (15 ft) to 6.1 metres (20 ft) under the river bed.
The Longue-Pointe church had to be demolished to make way for the tunnel, and 300 families were expropriated from the village in 1964.[4] The construction was completed in March 1967, just before the opening of Expo 67. Construction cost $75 million.[5]
A major four-year refurbishment of the tunnel began in 2020, originally planned to complete in 2024 at a cost of $1.2 billion, but in 2022 it was announced that the project would take a year longer than expected, completing in 2025 at a total cost of $2.1 billion.[6]
Specifications edit
Each of the seven tunnel sections weighs 32,000 t (31,000 long tons; 35,000 short tons),[3] is 110 metres (360 ft) long, 37 metres (121 ft) wide and rises to a height of 8 metres (26 ft). In total, the bridge–tunnel is 1.8 kilometres (1.1 mi) long.
The tunnel was built with sections prefabricated in dry dock and then sunk in the river,[7] 24 metres (79 ft) below the surface of the water.
It is one of the largest prestressed concrete structures in the world and is the longest bridge-tunnel in Canada.[2]
See also edit
References edit
- ^ a b "Rebuilding Louis-Hippolyte-La Fontaine Tunnel a four-year ordeal". Montreal Gazette. June 21, 2018. Retrieved November 3, 2018.
- ^ a b "Louis-Hippolyte-Lafontaine, the longest bridge-tunnel in Canada, turns 50". Montreal Gazette. March 11, 2017. Retrieved December 20, 2017.
- ^ a b "Il y a 50 ans, le pont-tunnel était inauguré". Métro (in Canadian French). March 9, 2017. Retrieved December 20, 2017.
- ^ "Un village sacrifié pour le pont-tunnel". Métro (in Canadian French). March 9, 2017. Retrieved December 20, 2017.
- ^ "At 50, the Louis-Hippolyte-La Fontaine bridge-tunnel still a world-class wonder". CBC News. Retrieved December 20, 2017.
- ^ "Additional year of construction -- and traffic disruptions -- for Lafontaine tunnel revamp". CTV News. August 4, 2022. Retrieved August 7, 2022.
- ^ Ministère des Transports (March 28, 2014). "Construction du Pont-tunnel Louis-Hippolyte-La Fontaine". YouTube (in French). Archived from the original on December 21, 2021. Retrieved December 21, 2017.