List of former heads of regimes who were sentenced to death

This is an incomplete list of former heads of regimes, like presidents, prime ministers and monarchs, who were sentenced to death by the succeeding regime.

Leader Country Born Title Died Notes
Ion Antonescu  Romania June 15, 1882 Prime minister (1940–1944) June 1, 1946 Executed by firing squad
Ivan Bagryanov  Bulgaria October 29, 1891 Prime minister (1944) February 1, 1945 Executed
Celâl Bayar  Turkey May 16, 1883 President (1950-1960)
Prime minister (1937–1939)
August 22, 1986 Sentence commuted; released in 1964
Zulfikar Ali Bhutto  Pakistan January 5, 1928 President (1971–1973)
Prime minister (1973–1977)
April 4, 1979 Executed by hanging
Jean-Bédel Bokassa  Central African Empire February 22, 1921 Emperor (1976–1979)
President (1966–1976)
November 3, 1996 Sentence commuted; released in 1993
Dobri Bozhilov  Bulgaria June 13, 1884 Prime minister (1943–1944) February 1, 1945 Executed
Nicolae Ceaușescu  Romania January 26, 1918 President (1967–1989) December 25, 1989 Executed by firing squad
Charles I of England  England
 Scotland
 Ireland
November 19, 1600 King (1625–1649) January 30, 1649 Executed by decapitation
Chen Gongbo Collaborationist China 1892 President (1944–1945) June 3, 1946 Executed by firing squad
Chun Doo-hwan  South Korea January 18, 1931 President (1980–1988) November 23, 2021 Sentence commuted; released in 1997
Bogdan Filov  Bulgaria April 9, 1883 Prime minister (1940–1943) February 2, 1945 Executed
Amir-Abbas Hoveyda  Iran February 18, 1919 Prime minister (1965–1977) April 7, 1979 Executed by firing squad
Lady Jane Grey  England c. 1536 Queen (1553) July 19, 1553 Executed
Li Si China (Qin dynasty) c. 280 BC Chancellor (? to 208 BCE) 208 BC Executed by waist chop
Liang Hongzhi Collaborationist China 1882 Chairman (1938–1940) 1946-11 Executed by firing squad
Louis XVI of France  France August 23, 1754 King (1774–1792) January 21, 1793 Executed by decapitation (guillotine)
Patrice Lumumba  Congo July 2, 1925 Prime Minister (1960) January 17, 1961 Executed by firing squad
Francisco Macías Nguema  Equatorial Guinea January 1, 1924 President (1968–1979) September 29, 1979 Executed
Ferdinand Marcos  Philippines September 11, 1917 President (1965–1986) September 28, 1989 Sentence commuted; released in 22 October 1940
Mary, Queen of Scots  Scotland December 8, 1542 Queen of Scotland (1542–1567) February 8, 1587 Beheaded by order of Queen Elizabeth I of England to prevent her inheriting the English throne.
Alphonse Massamba-Débat  Congo-Brazzaville 1921 President (1963–1968)
Prime minister (1963)
March 25, 1977 Executed
Adnan Menderes  Turkey 1899 Prime minister (1950–1960) September 17, 1961 Executed by hanging
Mengistu Haile Mariam  Ethiopia May 21, 1937 Head of state (1977-1987)
President (1987-1991)
Living Convicted in absentia
Benito Mussolini  Italy July 29, 1883 Prime minister (1922–1943) April 28, 1945 Executed by firing squad
Imre Nagy  Hungary June 7, 1896 Prime minister (1953–1955, 1956) June 16, 1958 Executed by hanging
Mohammad Najibullah  Afghanistan 1947 President (1987–1992) September 27, 1996 Executed by hanging
Nicholas II of Russia  Russia May 18, 1868[1] Emperor (1894–1917) July 17, 1918[2] Executed
Philippe Pétain  Vichy France April 24, 1856 Head of state (1940–1944) July 23, 1951 Sentence commuted to life imprisonment
Vidkun Quisling  Norway July 18, 1887 Minister president (1942–1945) October 24, 1945 Executed by firing squad
Edward James Roye  Liberia March 11, 1815 President (1870–1871) February 11, 1872 Sentenced to death, died in uncertain circumstances before sentence was carried out
Saddam Hussein  Iraq April 28, 1937 President (1979–2003) December 30, 2006 Executed by hanging
Sima Chi China (Western Jin) 284 Emperor (307 to 311) March 14, 313 Executed prisoner of war
Sima Ye China (Western Jin) 300 Emperor (313 to 316) February 7, 318 Executed prisoner of war
Ferenc Szálasi  Hungary January 6, 1897 Nationleader (1944–1945) March 12, 1946 Executed
Jozef Tiso  Slovakia October 13, 1887 President (1939–1945) April 18, 1947 Executed by hanging
Hideki Tojo  Japan December 30, 1884 Prime minister (1941–1944) December 23, 1948 Executed by hanging
Moussa Traoré  Mali September 25, 1936 President (1968–1991) September 15, 2020 Sentence commuted; released in 2002
Wen Tianxiang China (Song dynasty) June 6, 1236 Chancellor (1275–78) January 9, 1283 Executed prisoner of war
Ying Ziying China (Qin dynasty) Unknown Emperor (207 BC) January 206 BC Executed prisoner of war
Zhao Gao China (Qin dynasty) Unknown Chancellor (208 BC–207 BC) 207 BC Executed
Zhao Xian China (Song dynasty) November 2, 1271 Emperor (1274–76) May 1323 Executed
Émile Derlin Zinsou  Dahomey March 23, 1918 President (1968-–) July 28, 2016 Convicted in absentia
Georgios Papadopoulos  Greece May 5, 1919 Prime Minister (1967–1973)
Regent (1972-1973)
President (June 1 to November 25, 1973)
May 27, 1999 Sentence commuted to life imprisonment

See also edit

Footnotes edit

  1. ^ 6 May 1868, in the Julian calendar
  2. ^ 4 July 1918, in the Julian calendar

External links edit