List of Indigenous peoples of South America

The following is a list of indigenous peoples of South America. These include the peoples living in South America in the pre-Columbian era and the historical and contemporary descendants of those peoples.

A Guaraní family in Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, 2004

Circum-Caribbean edit

The Circum-Caribbean cultural region was characterized by anthropologist Julian Steward, who edited the Handbook of South American Indians.[1] It spans indigenous peoples in the Caribbean, Central American, and northern South America, the latter of which is listed here.

Colombia and Venezuela edit

The Colombia and Venezuela culture area includes most of Colombia and Venezuela. Southern Colombia is in the Andean culture area, as are some peoples of central and northeastern Colombia, who are surrounded by peoples of the Colombia and Venezuela culture. Eastern Venezuela is in the Guianas culture area, and southeastern Colombia and southwestern Venezuela are in the Amazonia culture area.[1]

Guianas edit

This region includes northern parts Colombia, French Guiana, Guyana, Suriname, Venezuela, and parts of the Amazonas, Amapá, Pará, and Roraima States in Brazil.

Eastern Brazil edit

This region includes parts of the Ceará, Goiás, Espírito Santo, Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, Pará, and Santa Catarina states of Brazil

Andes edit

Pacific Lowlands edit

Amazon edit

Northwestern Amazon edit

This region includes Amazonas in Brazil; the Amazonas and Putumayo Departments in Colombia; Cotopaxi, Los Rios, Morona-Santiago, Napo, and Pastaza Provinces and the Oriente Region in Ecuador; and the Loreto Region in Peru.

Eastern Amazon edit

This region includes Amazonas, Maranhão, and parts of Pará States in Brazil.

Southern Amazon edit

This region includes southern Brazil (Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul, parts of Pará, and Rondônia) and Eastern Bolivia (Beni Department).

Southwestern Amazon edit

This region includes the Cuzco, Huánuco Junín, Loreto, Madre de Dios, and Ucayali Regions of eastern Peru, parts of Acre, Amazonas, and Rondônia, Brazil, and parts of the La Paz and Beni Departments of Bolivia.

Gran Chaco edit

Southern Cone edit

 
Patagonian languages at the time of European/African contact

Patagonian channels edit

See also edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ a b Steward, Julian H. (1948) Editor. Handbook of South American Indians. Volume 4 The Circum-Caribbean Tribes. Smithsonian Institution Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin 143.
  2. ^ "Maco." Ethnologue. Retrieved 30 Aug 2012.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n "Cultural Thesaurus." National Museum of the American Indian. Retrieved 5 Aug 2012.
  4. ^ "Apiaká: Introduction." Instituto Socioambiental: Povos Indígenas no Brasil. Retrieved 28 March 2012
  5. ^ "Huachipaeri." Ethnologue. Retrieved 18 Feb 2012.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m "Cultural Thesaurus." Archived 2011-04-29 at the Wayback Machine National Museum of the American Indian. (retrieved 18 Feb 2011)

External links edit