List of loanwords in Konkani
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Konkani, the language of Goa and of many diaspora on the western coast of India, has come into contact with many local languages and incorporated words from these languages in it.
With the Kannada Kadambas ruling Goa and its close proximity to Maharashtra a lot of Kannada and Marathi words have been incorporated.
The Konkani community with its trade links with the Arabs and Persians have also incorporated many Arabic and Persian words into their vocabulary.
A large section of the Konkani community have resided in the canara and Malabar Coasts and have thus incorporated many Kannada and Malayalam words.
With Portuguese colonisation a large number of Portuguese loan words have been incorporated into Konkani. Also with the use of English as the Lingua franca and with South Canara coming under British Occupation many English words are also incorporated and have even replaced Portuguese words.
Portuguese words in Konkani
Konkani – Portuguese – English
Fruit and vegetables
Daily use words
Catholic religious terms
- Miss – missa – mass
- Sakrament – sacramento – sacrament
- Sacrifis – sacrifício – sacrifice
- Natal – natal – Christmas
- Besauñ – bênção – blessing
- Igorz – igreja – church
- Kopel – capela – chapel
- Simitér – cemitério – cemetery
- Firgorz – freguesia – parish
- Spirita Santa – Espírito Santo – Holy Spirit
- Kazar – casar – marriage/to marry
Words denoting family relationships
- Mãe – mãe – mother
- Pai – pai – father
- Irmanv – irmão – brother
- Irmã – irmã – sister
- Tiv – tio – uncle
- Tia – tia – aunty
- Prim' – primo – cousin
- Avó – avó – grandmother
- Avô – avô – grandfather
Professional terms
- Adogad – advogado – lawyer
- Ord – ordem – order
- Selad fol – folha selada/folha de papel selado – stamped paper
- Dotor – doutor – doctor
Education terms
Architectural terms
Miscellaneous words
- Govet – gaveta – drawer
- Pixol – pincel – brush
- Tizulo – tijolo – brick
- Kulchanv – colchão – mattress
- Burak – buraco – hole
- Sak – saco – bag
- Susegad – sossegado – quiet
- Sai – saia – skirt
- calção – calção – shorts
- Sabaun – sabão – soap
- Bank – banco – bench
- Julab – julapa – laxative
- Lilanv – leilão – auction
- Mest – mestre – carpenter/master
- Sorpotel – sarapatel – pork curry
Source: A History of Konkani literature[1]
French words in Konkani
- lafaddem – affair (from l'affair)
- cartus – cartridge
- parval – parole
- tamret – stool
- voltaire – rocking chair (from the French writer Voltaire)
Arabic - Persian words
- fasal - crop
- jawab - answer
- kabul - agree
- karz - debt
- chabuk - whip
- chugli - gossip
- dang - engrossed
- hak - right
- had'd - boundary
- hairan - harassed
- fakt - only
- dusman - enemy
- akkal - intelligence
- bhogos - pardon
- bandar - port
- barik - thin
- nazuk - delicate
- baag - garden
- arz - request
- ajap - wonder
- xar - city
- khuni - murderer
- nadar - glance
- saitan - satan
- hajir - present
- garib - poor
- goroz - necessity
- virasat - heritage
- saib - master
- tazviz - arrangement
- guneanv - crime
- buniad - foundation
- zap - answer
- khobor - news
- xivai - without
- vogot - time
- forok - difference
- abru - respect
- ondu/avndu - this year
- bejar - harassed
- noxib - fate
- taktik - urgency
- iad - remember
- farik - repay
- maja - joy
- umed - enthusiasm
- bazar - market
- tarikh - date
- murvat - respect
- badal - change
Some words are also used wherein the original meaning has been changed or distorted:
- Mustaiki (clothes) from mustaid = ready
- bekar bahas (idle talk) gives bhikar bhaso (useless philosophising)
- kapan khairo - eater of one's own shroud - miser
English influence
Besides the direct use of English words for modern items such as TV-radio etc. some words have been modified into konkani.
References
- ^ Saradesāya, Manohararāya (2000). A History of Konkani literature. Sahitya Akademi. pp. 25 § 26. ISBN 81-7201-664-6.
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