Indian Institute of Technology Joint Entrance Examination

The Indian Institutes of Technology Joint Entrance Examination (abbreviated IIT-JEE or simply JEE) was an annual college entrance examination in India. It was used as the sole admission criterion by the sixteen Indian Institutes of Technology (IITs) and Indian School of Mines. The examination was organised each year by one of the various IITs, using a round robin rotation pattern. It had a very low admission rate (about 1 in 50 in 2011).

Since 2013,it was replaced by Joint Entrance Examination,held in two phases. Phase 1 is JEE Main and the second stage of the test is JEE Advanced.[1]

History

The JEE was conducted for the first time in 1960,[2][3] when it had four subjects including an English language paper. The examination has since evolved considerably from its initial pattern. The JEE was initially called as the Common Entrance Exam (CEE). The CEE coincides with the IIT Act of 1961, to later named as JEE.[4]

In 1997, the JEE was conducted twice after the question paper was leaked in some centers.

Between 2000 and 2005, an additional screening test was used alongside the main examination, intended to reduce pressure on the main examination by allowing only about 20,000 top candidates to sit the paper, out of more than 450,000 applicants.

In September 2005, an analysis group of directors of all the IITs announced major reforms to the examination. These were implemented from 2006 onwards. The revised test now consists of a single objective test, replacing the earlier two-test system. In order to be eligible for the main examination, candidates in the general category must secure a minimum of 60% aggregated marks in the qualifying examination of the XIIth standard organized by various educational boards of India, while candidates belonging to Scheduled Caste (SC), Scheduled Tribe (ST) and Physically Disabled (PD) categories must secure a minimum of 55%.

In 2008, the Director and the Dean of IIT Madras called for revisions to the examination, arguing that the coaching institutes were "enabling many among the less-than-best students to crack the test and keeping girls from qualifying". They expressed concern that the present system did not allow for applicants' 12 years of schooling to have a bearing on admissions into IITs.[5]

In 2008, the Indian Institutes of Technology, for the first time, went overseas with their entrance examination as they set up a centre for the competitive test in Dubai.[6] The number of candidates appearing in Dubai hovered around 200 to 220.[7]

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Seats and attendance

The number of students taking the examination has increased substantially each year with over 485,000 showing up for IIT-JEE 2011. This represented an increase of 30,000 students (6.5%) from 2010.[8]

The availability of seats in recent years is as shown below:

Institute Intake (2003) Intake (2007) Intake (2008) Intake (2009) Intake (2010) Intake (2011)[9] Intake (2012)[10]
IIT (BHU) Varanasi 568 686 766 881 1057 1057 1057
IIT Bhubaneshwar 120 120 120 120 120
IIT Bombay 600 574 648 746 880 880 880
IIT Delhi 552 553 626 721 851 851 851
IIT Gandhinagar 120 120 120 120 120
IIT Guwahati 350 365 435 498 588 615 615
IIT Hyderabad 120 120 120 140 140
IIT Indore 120 120 120 120
IIT Kanpur 456 541 608 702 827 827 827
IIT Kharagpur 659 874 988 1138 1341 1341 1370
IIT Madras 554 540 612 713 838 838 838
IIT Mandi 120 120 120 120
IIT Patna 120 120 120 120 120
IIT Rajasthan 120 120 120 160 160
IIT Roorkee 546 746 884 1013 1155 1155 1155
IIT Ropar 120 120 120 120 120
ISM Dhanbad 444 658 705 923 1012 1034 1034
Total 4583 5537 6992 8295 9509 9618 9647
Attendance 455,000 485,000[8] 512,000

From 2008, six new IITs have been opened with 120 seats each, increasing the total number of seats to almost 7000. For 2009, admissions have been made to two more IITs, namely IIT Indore and IIT Mandi (Himachal Pradesh) taking the seat count to almost 8300. As of 2011, with additional courses in several old and new IITs, the total seat count has crossed 9600.

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Criticism

Criticism on the New Admission Norms comes from the Super 30 founder and mathematician Anand Kumar. Anand Kumar on Wednesday said that the decision of the IIT Council to give chance to students having top 20% from various boards in the class 12 examinations, was a decision in haste. "This is one decision that will go against the poor, who don't have the opportunity to study in elite schools," he added.[11]

IIT-JEE is conducted only in English and Hindi, making it harder for students where regional languages, like Tamil, Telugu, Kannada, Urdu, Oriya, Bengali, Marathi, Assamese or Gujarati, are more prominent. As an example, in September 2011, the Gujarat High Court has acted on a Public Interest Litigation by the Gujarati Sahitya Parishad, for conducting the exams in Gujarati.[12] A second petition was made in October by Navsari's Sayaji Vaibhav Sarvajanik Pustakalaya Trust.[13] Another petition was made at the Madras High Court for conducting the exam in Tamil. In the petition it was claimed that not conducting the exam in the regional languages is in violation of article 14 of the Constitution of India. PMK, political party in Tamil Nadu holds a demonstration at Chennai for conducting IIT and other national entrance exams in regional languages also, particularly Tamil in Tamil Nadu.[14]Pattali Makkal Katchi party has filed Public Interest Litigation in Madras High Court for conducting IIT JEE entrance exam in Tamil also. They submitted that every year 7.63 lakh students are completing 12th standard in Tamil Nadu. Out of them 75% are from Tamil Medium. They are forced to appear for the entrance exam in English or Hindi which is neither their medium of instruction nor mother tongue. Being forced as such is against their fundamental right to take up the entrance exam in mother-tongue-based medium of instruction.[15][16]Shiv Sena has urged MHRD to conduct IITJEE and other national undergraduate entrance exams in regional languages, particularly Marathi language in Maharastra.[17]

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See also

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References

  1. ^ "CBSE issues press release confirming New JEE from 2013". careermitra.com. September 8, 2012. 
  2. ^ "Brief History of IIT-JEE". Durgesh C. Mangeshkar, Academic Head, IITian’s Prashikshan Kendra. Retrieved 11 January 2012. 
  3. ^ 5.2 lakh to appear for IIT-JEE
  4. ^ Ashish K. Mishra and Shishir Prasad (22 February 2012). "IIT-JEE Will Be Missed". 
  5. ^ D Suresh Kumar. JEE fails to get the best: IIT dons. The Times of India. 31 Jul 2008.
  6. ^ 5 lakh aspirants to sit for IIT-JEE in 2012
  7. ^ IITs hike number of examination centres for JEE
  8. ^ a b "Hyderabad boy tops IIT-JEE". sify.com. 25 May 2011. Retrieved 31 May 2011. 
  9. ^ "JEE 2011 Counseling Brochure". Retrieved 5 June 2011. 
  10. ^ "JEE 2012 Counseling Brochure". Retrieved 12 June 2012. 
  11. ^ "New format of IIT examination would go against the poor: Anand Kumar". The Times Of India. 27 June 2012. 
  12. ^ "Sahitya Parishad demands entrance tests in Gujarati - Times Of India". indiatimes.com. 2011-09-21. Retrieved 28 October 2011. 
  13. ^ "Another PIL seeks entrance tests in Gujarati - Times Of India". indiatimes.com. 2011-10-21. Retrieved 28 October 2011. 
  14. ^ "Conduct IIT entrance test in Tamil also: PMK". The Hindu (Chennai, India). 5 March 2012. 
  15. ^ "Court notice on plea for entrance exams in Tamil". The Hindu (Chennai, India). 21 April 2012. 
  16. ^ "Plea to write IIT entrance in Tamil | Deccan Chronicle". deccanchronicle.com. Retrieved 20 January 2012. 
  17. ^ Khapre, Shubhangi (March 5, 2011). "Shiv Sena demands IIT entrance test in regional languages". Mumbai: Daily News Analysis. Retrieved 16 September 2012. 
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Last modified on 12 May 2013, at 12:16