G_s alpha subunit

GNAS complex locus
Identifiers
Symbol	GNAS
Alt. symbols	GNAS1
Entrez	2778
HUGO	4392
OMIM	139320
RefSeq	NM_000516
UniProt	Q5JWF2
Other data
Locus	Chr. 20 q13.2-13.3

The G_s alpha subunit (or Gs protein) is a heterotrimeric G protein subunit that activates the cAMP-dependent pathway by activating adenylate cyclase.

Receptors

The G protein-coupled receptors that couple to this kind of G-protein include:

5-HT receptors types 5-HT₄ and 5-HT₇
ACTH receptor
Adenosine receptor types A_2a and A_2b
Arginine vasopressin receptor 2
β-adrenergic receptors types β₁, β₂ and β₃
Calcitonin receptor
Calcitonin gene-related peptide receptor
Corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor
Dopamine receptors D₁-like family (D₁ and D₅)
FSH-receptor
Gastric inhibitory polypeptide receptor
Glucagon receptor
Histamine H₂ receptor
Luteinizing hormone/choriogonadotropin receptor
Melanocortin receptor
Parathyroid hormone receptor 1
Prostaglandin receptor types D₂ and I₂
Secretin receptor
Thyrotropin receptor
Box jellyfish opsin

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Function

Main article: function of cAMP-dependent protein kinase

The general function of G_s is to activate adenylate cyclase, which, in turn, produces cAMP, which, in turn activates cAMP-dependent protein kinase. Further effects of G_s are thus found in function of cAMP-dependent protein kinase.

It provides a step in signal transduction. Amplification of the signal occurs for instance because the receptor activates several G_s. ^[1] However, each G_s activates only one adenylate cyclase.^[1]

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External links

G(s)alpha at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
GNAS protein, human at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)

Hydrolases: acid anhydride hydrolases (EC 3.6)

3.6.1

3.6.2

3.6.3-4: ATPase

3.6.3

Cu++ (3.6.3.4)	Menkes/ATP7A Wilson/ATP7B

Ca+ (3.6.3.8)	SERCA ATP2A1 ATP2A2 ATP2A3 Plasma membrane ATP2B1 ATP2B2 ATP2B3 ATP2B4 SPCA ATP2C1 ATP2C2

Na+/K+ (3.6.3.9)	ATP1A1 ATP1A2 ATP1A3 ATP1A4 ATP1B1 ATP1B2 ATP1B3 ATP1B4

H+/K+ (3.6.3.10)	ATP4A

Other P-type ATPase	ATP8B1 ATP10A ATP11B ATP12A ATP13A2 ATP13A3

3.6.4

3.6.5: GTPase

3.6.5.1: Heterotrimeric G protein	G_αs G_αi GNAI1 GNAI2 GNAI3 G_αq/11 GNAQ GNA11 G_α12/13 GNA12 GNA13 Transducin GNAT1 GNAT2

3.6.5.2: Small GTPase > Ras superfamily	Rho family of GTPases: Cdc42 CDC42 TC10 TCL RhoUV RhoU RhoV Rac Rac1 2 3 RhoG RhoBTB 1 2 RhoH Rho A B C Rnd 1 2 3 RhoDF RhoF RhoD other: Ras HRAS KRAS NRAS Rab RAB23 RAB27 Arf ARF6 SAR1B ARL13B ARL6 Ran Rheb Rap

3.6.5.3: Protein-synthesizing GTPase	Prokaryotic IF-2 EF-Tu EF-G Eukaryotic

3.6.5.5-6: Polymerization motors	Dynamin Tubulin

B
enzm
1.1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 8
- 10
- 11
- 13
- 14
- 15-18
2.1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 8
2.7.10
2.7.11-12
3.1
- - 3.1.3.48
- 2
- 3
- 4
  - 3.4.21
- 5
- 6
- 7
- 22
- 23
- 24
4.1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 5
- 6
5.1
- 2
- 3
- 4
- 99
6.1-3
- 4
- 5-6

Intracellular signaling peptides and proteins

MAP

see MAP kinase pathway

Calcium

Intracellular calcium-sensing proteins • Calcineurin • Calcium-calmodulin-dependent protein kinase

G protein

Heterotrimeric	cAMP: Heterotrimeric G protein (Gs/Gi) • Adenylate cyclase • cAMP • 3',5'-cyclic-AMP phosphodiesterase • Protein kinase A cGMP: Guanylate cyclase • cGMP • 3',5'-cyclic-GMP phosphodiesterase • Protein kinase G G beta-gamma complex G_β (GNB1, GNB2, GNB3, GNB4, GNB5) • G_γ (GNGT1, GNGT2, GNG2, GNG3, GNG4, GNG5, GNG7, GNG8, GNG10, GNG11, GNG12, GNG13, BSCL2) G protein-coupled receptor kinase • AMP-activated protein kinase

Monomeric	ARFs · Rabs · Ras (HRAS, KRAS, NRAS)

Cyclin

Cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor protein • Cyclin-dependent kinase • Cyclin

Lipid

Phosphoinositide phospholipase C • Phospholipase c gamma

Other protein kinase

Serine/threonine: Casein kinase (1, 2) • eIF-2 kinase (EIF2AK3) • Glycogen synthase kinase (GSK1, GSK2, GSK-3, GSK3A, GSK3B) • IκB kinase (CHUK, IKK2, IKBKG) • Interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase (IRAK1, IRAK2, IRAK3, IRAK4) • Lim kinase (LIMK1, LIMK2) • p21-activated kinases (PAK1, PAK2, PAK3, PAK4) • Rho-associated protein kinase (ROCK1, ROCK2) • Ribosomal s6 kinase (RPS6KA1)

Tyrosine: ZAP70 • Focal adhesion protein-tyrosine kinase (PTK2, PTK2B) • BTK

both: Dual-specificity kinase

Other phosphoprotein phosphatase

Serine/threonine: Protein phosphatase 2

Tyrosine: protein tyrosine phosphatase: Receptor-like protein tyrosine phosphatase • Sh2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase

both: Dual-specificity phosphatase

Apoptosis

see apoptosis signaling pathway

GTP-binding protein regulators

see GTP-binding protein regulators

Other

Activating transcription factor 6 • Signal transducing adaptor protein • I-kappa B protein • Mucin-4 • Olfactory marker protein • Phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein • EDARADD • PRKCSH

see also deficiencies of intracellular signaling peptides and proteins
B trdu: iter (nrpl/grfl/cytl/horl), csrc (lgic, enzr, gprc, igsr, intg, nrpr/grfr/cytr), itra (adap, gbpr, mapk), calc, lipd; path (hedp, wntp, tgfp+mapp, notp, jakp, fsap, hipp, tlrp)

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References

^ ^a ^b Page 155 in: Purves (2007). Neuroscience, 4th Edition. Sinauer Associates Inc. ISBN 978-0-87893-697-7.

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Last modified on 17 March 2013, at 04:38

Gs alpha subunit

Receptors

Function

See also

External links

References

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G_s alpha subunit