Gammaproteobacteria
| Gammaproteobacteria | |
|---|---|
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| Vibrio cholerae | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Domain: | Bacteria |
| Phylum: | Proteobacteria |
| Class: | Gammaproteobacteria |
| Orders | |
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Gammaproteobacteria is a class of several medically, ecologically and scientifically important groups of bacteria, such as the Enterobacteriaceae (Escherichia coli), Vibrionaceae and Pseudomonadaceae. An exceeding number of important pathogens belongs to this class, e.g. Salmonella (enteritis and typhoid fever), Yersinia (plague), Vibrio (cholera), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (lung infections in hospitalised or cystic fibrosis patients), and Klebsiella pneumoniae responsible for causing pneumonia. Like all Proteobacteria, the Gammaproteobacteria are Gram-negative.
Significance
The Gammaproteobacteria comprise several medically and scientifically important groups of bacteria, such as the Enterobacteriaceae, Vibrionaceae and Pseudomonadaceae. A number of important pathogens belongs to this class, e.g. Salmonella spp. (enteritis and typhoid fever), Yersinia pestis (plague), Vibrio cholerae (cholera), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (lung infections in hospitalized or cystic fibrosis patients), and Escherichia coli (food poisoning). Members of Chromatium are photosynthetic and oxidize hydrogen sulfide instead of water, producing sulfur as excrement. Some Gammaproteobacteria are methane oxidizers, and many of them are in symbiosis with geothermic ocean vent dwelling animals.[1]
Phylogeny
Due to a single genus, Acidithiobacillus, Gammaproteobacteria is paraphyletic to Betaproteobacteria (reviewed in Proteobacteria#Taxonomy).
| Phylogeny of Gammaproteobacteria | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Phylogeny of Gammaproteobacteria after[2] Not all orders are monophyletic, consequently families or genera are shown for Psuedomonadales, Oceanospirillales, Alteromonadales. In the case of singleton orders, the genus is shown. (In bacterial taxonomy, orders have the suffix -ales, while families have -aceae.) |
References
- ^ http://comenius.susqu.edu/biol/202/EUBACTERIA/PROTEOBACTERIAE/gammaproteobacteria-frame.htm
- ^ Williams, K. P.; Gillespie, J. J.; Sobral, B. W. S.; Nordberg, E. K.; Snyder, E. E.; Shallom, J. M.; Dickerman, A. W. (2010). "Phylogeny of Gammaproteobacteria". Journal of Bacteriology 192 (9): 2305–2314. doi:10.1128/JB.01480-09. PMC 2863478. PMID 20207755. Text "20207755" ignored (help)
- ^ Sayers et al. "Gammaproteobacteria". National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) taxonomy database [1]. Retrieved 2011-06-05.
- ^ J.P. Euzéby. "Gammaproteobacteria". List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature (LPSN) [2]. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
- ^ 'The All-Species Living Tree' Project."16S rRNA-based LTP release 106 (full tree)". Silva Comprehensive Ribosomal RNA Database [3]. Retrieved 2011-11-17.
External links
- Gammaproteobacteria at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
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