Flaviviridae
| Flaviviridae | |
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Virus classification 
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| Virus group: | Group IV ((+)ssRNA) |
| Family: | Flaviviridae |
| Genera | |
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Flavivirus |
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The Flaviviridae are a family of viruses that are primarily spread through arthropod vectors (mainly ticks and mosquitoes). The family gets its name from Yellow Fever virus, a type virus of Flaviviridae; flavus means yellow in Latin. (Yellow fever in turn was named because of its propensity to cause jaundice in victims.).[1]
Flaviviridae have monopartite, linear, single-stranded RNA genomes of positive polarity, 9.6- to 12.3-kilobase in length. The 5'-termini of flaviviruses carry a methylated nucleotide cap, while other members of this family are uncapped and encode an internal ribosome entry site. Virus particles are enveloped and spherical, about 40-60 nm in diameter.
Taxonomy
This family includes the following genera:
- Genus Flavivirus (type species Yellow fever virus, others include West Nile virus and Dengue Fever)—contains 67 identified human and animal viruses
- Genus Hepacivirus (type species Hepatitis C virus,[2] the single member)
- Genus Hepatitis G Virus (The GB agent and the hepatitis G virus (HGV))
- Genus Pestivirus (type species bovine viral diarrhea virus, others include classical swine fever or hog cholera)—contains viruses infecting non-human mammals
Clinical importance
Major diseases caused by the Flaviviridae family include:
- Dengue fever
- Japanese encephalitis
- Kyasanur Forest disease
- Murray Valley encephalitis
- St. Louis encephalitis
- Tick-borne encephalitis
- West Nile encephalitis
- Yellow fever
- Hepatitis C Virus Infection
References
- ^ http://microbewiki.kenyon.edu/index.php/Flaviviridae Accessed July 22, 2008
- ^ Paula T, Pablo R, Eugenia V, Pablo B, Sabino P, José M et al. (2009). "New drug targets for hepatitis C and other Flaviviridae viruses". Infect Disord Drug Targets 9 (2): 133–47. doi:10.2174/187152609787847749. PMID 19275702.
External links
- Flaviviridae Genomes database search results from the Viral Bioinformatics Resource Center
- Viralzone: Flaviviridae
- Virus Pathogen Database and Analysis Resource (ViPR): Flaviviridae
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