Basil Leonard Plumley (January 1, 1920 – October 10, 2012) was a career soldier and airborne combat Infantryman in the United States Army who rose to the rank of Command Sergeant Major. As a combat veteran of World War II and the Vietnam War, he is most noted for his actions during the Battle of Ia Drang in Vietnam.
Basil L. Plumley | |
|---|---|
_Basil_L._Plumley_at_West_Point_10_May_2010.JPG) CSM(R) Basil Plumley at West Point, May 10, 2010 | |
| Born | January 1, 1920 Shady Spring, West Virginia, United States |
| Died | October 10, 2012 (aged 92)[1] Columbus, Georgia, United States[2] |
| Buried | |
| Service/ | United States Army |
| Years of service | 1942–1974 |
| Rank | Command Sergeant Major |
| Unit | 320th Field Artillery Regiment, 82nd Airborne Division 187th Airborne Infantry Regiment, 101st Airborne Division 7th Cavalry Regiment, 1st Cavalry Division |
| Battles/wars | World War II |
| Awards | Silver Star Legion of Merit Bronze Star Medal Purple Heart (2) |
| Spouse(s) |
Deurice Dillon
(m. 1949; died 2012) |
| Other work | Administrative worker at Martin Army Community Hospital (1975–1990) |
Military career edit
Plumley enlisted in the United States Army as a Private on March 31, 1942. He was a Gliderman of the 320th Glider Field Artillery Battalion, 82nd Airborne Division. He saw action during the Invasion of Normandy and Operation Market Garden.
Plumley participated in two glider assaults in the European Theater. His first was on June 6, 1944, during the Invasion of Normandy, and his second was for Operation Market Garden on Sept. 18, 1944. Plumley was shot in the hand the same day for which he received the Purple Heart and was awarded multiple decorations for his service in World War II.
During the Korean War, Plumley fought as the member of 187th Airborne Infantry Regiment.
He fought in Vietnam with the 1st Battalion, 7th Cavalry Regiment. He participated in the Battle of Ia Drang in Vietnam in 1965, under the command of Lieutenant Colonel Hal Moore, who praised Plumley as an outstanding NCO and leader in the 1992 book about this battle, We Were Soldiers Once… and Young. The book was the basis for the 2002 film We Were Soldiers, in which Plumley was played by actor Sam Elliott. Plumley was known affectionately by his soldiers as "Old Iron Jaw". Command Sergeant Major Basil Plumley served in the Republic of Korea between 1952 and 1953.
He retired as a Command Sergeant Major on December 31, 1974, having been awarded 28 different personal, unit, campaign and service awards and decorations in almost 33 years of military service, spanning World War II and the Vietnam War. After his retirement, he worked 15 more years for the army as a civilian in administration at Martin Army Community Hospital and at various medical clinics around Fort Benning, Georgia, retiring again in 1990.[3]
Personal life edit
Plumley was born on January 1, 1920, in Shady Spring, West Virginia, the second son and fifth child of coal miner Clay H. Plumley (September 19, 1882[4] – 26 February 1952[5]) and his wife Georgia B. Morton (January 19, 1895[6] – February 16, 1962[5]), both of whom were natives of West Virginia. After two years of high-school, he worked as a chauffeur/driver before enlisting in the US Army on March 31, 1942. In 1949, Plumley married Deurice Dillon (September 26, 1923 – May 28, 2012), who died on May 28, 2012, after 63 years of marriage. Plumley died of cancer after nine days in Columbus Hospice (Columbus, Georgia), on October 10, 2012. He is survived by a daughter, a granddaughter, and two great-grandchildren.[7]
In popular culture edit
Plumley was a prominent and central figure in the 1992 book We Were Soldiers Once… and Young by Lt. Gen Hal Moore and Joseph L. Galloway about the Battle of Ia Drang and was portrayed by actor Sam Elliott in the 2002 film adaption.
Awards and decorations edit
There have been disputes about the medals and decorations Plumley was entitled to wear. Brian Siddall, an independent researcher, alleged in 2015 that Plumley wore unauthorized combat and valor awards that exaggerated his wartime achievements.[8][9][10] The U.S. Army has stated that there is no evidence of a substantial error in the recording of Plumley's decorations and has noted that the personnel records of the army are not uncommonly in error, especially during war time and prior to digital filing.
| Comparison of Awards and Decorations of CSM Plumley | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| name of award | listed on his DD 214 in 1974 [10] | worn in 2010 at West Point [11] | verifiable by memo of the Army 2015 [10] | notes |
| Combat Infantryman Badge |  (2nd award, one star on top) |
 (3rd award, two stars on top) |
 (1st award, no star on top) |
WW2 - Korea - Vietnam would be a CIB with 2 Stars. |
| Silver Star Medal with bronze Oak Leaf Cluster |   (one oak leaf) |
(one oak leaf) |
(no oak leaf) |
|
| Legion of Merit | 
|
|
|
matching |
| Bronze Star Medal with "V" Device and bronze Oak Leaf Cluster |   ("V" Device, two oak leaf) |
("V" Device, one oak leaf) |
(no "V" Device, one oak leaf) |
|
| Air Medal with numeral device or Oak Leaf Cluster |   (with numeral "7") |
 (eight oak leaf) |
(with numeral "7") |
|
| Army Commendation Medal |  (three oak leaf) |
(no oak leaf) |
(three oak leaf) |
|
| Purple Heart with one Oak Leaf Cluster |  |
|
|
matching |
| Army Good Conduct Medal with good conduct loops |   (silver clasp and three loops = 8 awards) |
 (silver clasp and one loop = 6 awards) |
(silver clasp and three loops = 8 awards) |
|
| American Defense Service Medal | n/a | 
|
n/a | only available for service between September 8, 1939, and December 7, 1941 |
| American Campaign Medal | 
|
|
|
matching |
| European-African-Middle Eastern Campaign Medal with Arrowhead device, silver and bronze campaign stars |     (arrowhead, 1 silver star, 1 bronze star) |
(arrowhead, 1 silver star, 2 bronze stars) |
(arrowhead, 1 silver star, 1 bronze star) |
|
| World War II Victory Medal | 
|
|
|
matching |
| Army of Occupation Medal with "Germany" clasp | 
|
|
|
matching |
| National Defense Service Medal with bronze service star or bronze Oak Leave Cluster |  (bronze star) |
(bronze oak leaf) |
(bronze star) |
|
| Vietnam Service Medal with one silver and three bronze campaign stars |  (1 silver star, 3 bronze stars) |
(3 bronze stars) |
(1 silver star, 3 bronze stars) |
|
| Korea Defense Service Medal | 
|
not worn |
|
awarded since February 2004 (retroactive to July 28, 1954) |
| Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal | 
|
|
|
matching |
| French Croix de Guerre (for World War II service) | unclear | 
|
unclear | noted in the memo is "French Fourragère" |
| Belgian Croix de Guerre (for World War II service) | unclear | 
|
unclear | noted in the memo is "Belgian Fourragère" |
| Vietnam Cross of Gallantry with Gold Star |  
|
|
|
matching |
| Republic of Vietnam Armed Forces Honor Medal, second class | 
|
not worn |
|
|
| Vietnam Campaign Medal with "1960–" device | 
|
|
|
matching |
| Master Parachutist Badge | 
|
|
|
matching |
| Glider Badge | 
|
not worn |
|
A Glider Badge is for Life |
| Netherlands Orange Lanyard | no picture | not worn | no picture | |
| Republic of Vietnam Parachutist Badge with palm device (= Republic of Vietnam Master Parachutist Badge) |  
|
|
|
matching |
| Vietnam Gallantry Cross Unit Citation with Palm | 
|
|
|
matching |
| Army Presidential Unit Citation with bronze Oak Leaf Clusters |  (1 oak leaf) |
(2 oak leaf) |
(1 oak leaf) |
|
| Republic of Vietnam Civil Actions Honor Medal unit citation first class | 
|
not worn |
|
|
Awards and decorations (Army memo from 2015) edit
|
|
Combat Infantryman Badge |
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|
Master Parachutist Badge |
|
|
Glider Badge |
|
|
Vietnam Master Parachutist Badge |
|
|
Silver Star |
|
|
Legion of Merit |
| |
Bronze Star Medal with one bronze oak leaf cluster |
| |
Purple Heart with oak leaf cluster |
|
|
Air Medal with bronze award numeral 7 |
|
|
Army Commendation Medal with three oak leaf clusters |
| |
Army Presidential Unit Citation with oak leaf cluster |
|
Army Good Conduct Medal (8 awards) |
|
|
American Campaign Medal |
|
European–African–Middle Eastern Campaign Medal with Arrowhead device, one silver and one bronze service stars |
|
|
World War II Victory Medal |
|
|
Army of Occupation Medal with "Germany" clasp |
| |
National Defense Service Medal with service star |
|
|
Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal |
|
|
Vietnam Service Medal with silver and three bronze service stars |
|
|
Korea Defense Service Medal |
|
|
Vietnam Gallantry Cross with Gold Star |
|
|
Vietnam Armed Forces Honor Medal, Second Class |
|
|
Vietnam Gallantry Cross Unit Citation |
|
|
Vietnam Civil Actions Medal Unit Citation |
|
|
Vietnam Campaign Medal |
- CSM Plumley also received 3 fourragères: World War II War Cross from France and Belgium as well as the Orange Lanyard from The Netherlands.
References edit
- ^ Pitts, Fadell (October 10, 2012). "Retired CSM Basil Plumley dies, Fort Benning mourns loss". Columbus, GA: WTVM-TV. Archived from the original on October 13, 2012. Retrieved October 10, 2012.
- ^ "Basil Plumley, veteran of 3 wars, featured in 'We Were Soldiers' movie, dies in Georgia". Fox News. Associated Press. October 10, 2012. Retrieved October 11, 2012.
- ^ "Plumley, veteran of 3 wars, dies at age 92". CNN. Associated Press. October 11, 2012. Archived from the original on September 2, 2019. Retrieved September 2, 2019.
- ^ United States, Selective Service System. World War I Selective Service System Draft Registration Cards, 1917–1918. Washington, D.C.: National Archives and Records Administration. M1509, 4,582 rolls. Imaged from Family History Library microfilm.
- ^ a b "West Virginia Deaths, 1853–1970." Index. FamilySearch, Salt Lake City, Utah. From originals housed in county courthouses throughout West Virginia. "Death Records."
- ^ "West Virginia Births, 1853–1930." Index. FamilySearch, Salt Lake City, Utah, 2008, 2009. From digital images of copies of originals housed in County Courthouses throughout West Virginia. Birth records.
- ^ "Deurice Plumley Obituary". Columbus Ledger-Enquirer (by Legacy.com). May 29, 2012.
- ^ Matthew Cox: Army Investigating 'We Were Soldiers' Legend for Inflating Awards, Military.com, 2018
- ^ Brian Siddall: The Original Plumley Article, Airborne In Normandy, 2015
- ^ a b c Army HR Memo about Awards and Decorations for CSM Plumley, Department of the Army, U.S. Army Human Resources Command, Awards and Decorations Branch, 2015
- ^ File:CSM(R) Basil L. Plumley at West Point 10 May 2010.JPG
- 1920 and 1930 US census for Raleigh County, West Virginia
- US Army enlistment records of World War II
- 7th U.S. Cavalry Regiment Association
- Moore, Harold G.; Galloway, Joseph L. (1994). We were soldiers once – and young; Ia Drang: the battle that changed the war in Vietnam (First British ed.). Shrewsbury, UK: Airlife Publishing Ltd. ISBN 1853105023.