The Anmatyerr, also spelt Anmatyerre, Anmatjera, Anmatjirra, Amatjere and other variations) are an Aboriginal Australian people of the Northern Territory, who speak one of the Upper Arrernte languages.
Language edit
Anmatyerr[1] is divided into Eastern and Western dialects,[2] both dialects of Upper Arrernte.[3]
Country edit
In 1974 the traditional lands of the Anmatyerr people in N.B. Tindale's Aboriginal Tribes of Australia were described as covering an area of 11,200 square miles (29,000 km2). He specifies its central features as encompassing the Forster Range, Mount Leichhardt (Arnka),[4] Coniston, Stuart Bluff Range to the east of West Bluff; the Hann and Reynolds Ranges (Arwerlt Atwaty); the Burt Plain north of Rembrandt Rocks and Connor Well. Their eastern frontier went as far as Woodgreen. To the northeast, their borders lay around central Mount Stuart (Amakweng) and Harper Springs.[5]
Communities edit
Anmatyerr communities located within the region include Nturiya (Old Ti Tree Station), Ti-Tree Pmara Jutunta (6 Mile), Willowra, Laramba (Napperby Station) and Alyuen. What is today known as the Anmatyerre region has significant overlap with Warlpiri, Arrernte and Alyawarr language communities. Many people come from two or three different language groups. The Utopia community, 250 km (160 mi) northeast of Alice Springs, and set up in 1927, is partly on Alyawarre land, partly on land of the Anmatyerre. As a specialist in Arandic culture and language T. G. H Strehlow also worked with Anmatyerr people throughout his career, recording much of their ceremonial traditions.[6]
Alternative names edit
Notable people edit
- Gwoya Jungarai, aka "One Pound Jimmy", was the first named Aboriginal person to appear on an Australian postage stamp, in 1950. Gwoya is the Anmatyerr word for 'water', Kwatye.
- Clifford Possum Tjapaltjarri and Tim Leura Tjapaltjarri, stepsons of Gwoya/Kwatye Jungarai, were Anmatyerr artists credited as leaders of the Contemporary Indigenous Australian art movement.
- Emily Kngwarreye was an Anmatyerr artist who lived at Utopia community.
- Kathleen Petyarre, Gloria Petyarre, and Jeanna Petyarre and two other sisters, nieces of Emily Kngwarreye, are well-known Alyawarre / Eastern Anmatyerre artists, also at Utopia.
- Minnie Pwerle was an Alyawarr / Anmatyerr artist.
Notes edit
Citations edit
- ^ C8.1 Anmatyerr at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
- ^ "Anmatyerre". Glottolog. Retrieved 10 June 2019.
- ^ Breen 2001, pp. 45–69.
- ^ Mount Leichhardt
- ^ a b Tindale 1974, p. 220.
- ^ Gibson 2020.
- ^ Meggitt 1961, p. 143.
Sources edit
- Breen, Gavan (2001). "Chapter 4: The wonders of Arandic phonology". In Simpson, Jane; Nash, David; Laughren, Mary; Austin, Peter; Alpher, Barry (eds.). Forty years on: Ken Hale and Australian languages (pdf). Pacific Linguistics 512. ANU. Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies. (Pacific Linguistics). pp. 45–69. ISBN 085883524-X – via ResearchGate.
- Gibson, Jason M. (2020). Ceremony Men. SUNY Press. ISBN 978-143847855-5.
- Meggitt, M. J. (September 1955). "Notes on the Malngjin and Gurindgi aborigines of Limbunya, Northern Territory". Mankind. 5 (2): 45–50. doi:10.1111/j.1835-9310.1955.tb01418.x.
- Meggitt, M. J. (August 1961). "The Bindibu and Others". Man. 61: 143. JSTOR 2796739.
- Radcliffe-Brown, Alfred (1911). "Marriage and descent in North Australia". Science of Man. 13–14 (3–4). Sydney: 63–64, 81–82.
- Spencer, Sir Baldwin; Gillen, Francis J. (1904). Northern Tribes of Central Australia (PDF). Macmillan Publishers – via Internet Archive.
- Strehlow, T. G. H. (1947). Aranda traditions. Melbourne University Press.
- Strehlow, T. G. H. (1965). "Culture, social structure, and environment". In Berndt, R. M.; Berndt, C. H. (eds.). Aboriginal Man in Australia. Angus & Robertson. pp. 121–145.
- Tindale, Norman Barnett (1974). "Anmatjera (NT)". Aboriginal Tribes of Australia: Their Terrain, Environmental Controls, Distribution, Limits, and Proper Names. Australian National University Press. ISBN 978-0-708-10741-6. Archived from the original on 8 September 2005.