Wikipedia

Albin Wolf

Albin Wolf (28 October 1920 – 2 April 1944) was a German Luftwaffe military aviator during World War II, a fighter ace credited with 144 enemy aircraft shot down.[1] All of his victories were claimed over the Eastern Front.

Albin Wolf
WWII photo of Albin Wolf
Born(1920-10-28)28 October 1920
Naila
Died2 April 1944(1944-04-02) (aged 23)
south of Pskov
Allegiance Nazi Germany
Service/branchBalkenkreuz (Iron Cross) Luftwaffe
Years of service1940–44
RankOberleutnant (posthumous)
UnitJG 1, JG 54
Commands held6./JG 54
Battles/warsWorld War II
AwardsKnight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves (posthumous)

Born in Neuhaus, Wolf grew up in the Weimar Republic and Nazi Germany. Following graduation from school, he joined the Luftwaffe in 1940. In May 1942, Wolf was posted to Jagdgeschwader 54 (JG 54—54th Fighter Wing) and claimed his first aerial victory on 6 August 1942. Following his 117th aerial victory, he was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 22 November 1943. Promoted to an officer's rank, he was appointed squadron leader of 6. Staffel (6th squadron) of JG 54 and claimed his 144th and last aerial victory on 2 April 1944. That day, he was shot down. He was posthumously bestowed with the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves.

Early life and career edit

Wolf was born on 28 October 1920 in Neuhaus, present-day part of Selbitz in the district Hof, at the time in the district of Naila, Bavaria. He was the son of a wage labourer. After graduation from school, Wolf joined the Luftwaffe in 1940. Following flight training,[Note 1] he was posted to the 2. Staffel (2nd squadron) of Jagdgeschwader 1 (JG 1—1st Fighter Wing) based in Jever in the fall of 1941.[Note 2] Holding the rank of Unteroffizier (non-commissioned officer), he flew with this unit in Defense of the Reich until May 1942.[3]

World War II edit

World War II in Europe had begun on Friday 1 September 1939 when German forces invaded Poland. On 22 June 1941, Germany had launched Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the Soviet Union, which initiated the Eastern Front. In May 1942, Wolf was transferred to the 6. Staffel (6th squadron) of Jagdgeschwader 54 (JG 54—54th Fighter Wing), operating on the northern sector of the Eastern Front. At the time, he was made a wingman of Hans Beißwenger.[3] II. Gruppe (2nd group) of JG 54, to which 6. Staffel was subordinated, was one of the Luftwaffe units fighting in support of Army Group Centre, engaging in the Kholm Pocket and Demyansk Pocket.[4]

Wolf claimed his first aerial victory over an Ilyushin Il-2 ground-attack aircraft, shot down on 6 August 1942 in the vicinity of Zubtsov during the Battles of Rzhev.[5] Following his fourth claim, filed on 30 September,[6] he was awarded Iron Cross 2nd Class (Eisernes Kreuz zweiter Klasse) the next day.[7] On 23 March 1943, his number of aerial victories had increased to 18 following combat in the vicinity of Leningrad.[8] This resulted in the presentation of the Honor Goblet of the Luftwaffe (Ehrenpokal der Luftwaffe) on 30 April 1943.[3] On 12 July, during the Battle of Kursk, Soviet forces launched its counteroffensive named Operation Kutuzov. The next day, General Paul Deichmann dispatched the equivalent of eight Jagdgruppen to defend against the Soviet 15th Air Army. That morning, Wolf claimed a Soviet fighter aircraft shot down.[9] He achieved his aerial victories 37–40 on 2 August 1943. By 4 September 1943, he had accumulated 78 victories. In November 1943, Wolf was credited with his 100th aerial victory. He was the 59th Luftwaffe pilot to achieve the century mark.[10] Wolf received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross (Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes) for 117 victories on 22 November 1943.[11][12]

On 24 December 1943, following the German retreat during the Battle of the Dnieper (26 August – 23 December 1943), Soviet forces initiated the Zhitomir–Berdichev Offensive as part of the Dnieper–Carpathian Offensive. The Soviet advance threatened the German airfield at Bila Tserkva and II. Gruppe of JG 54 was ordered to relocate to Tarnopol on 27 December. The transfer was attempted under adverse weather conditions. On 29 December, 24 aircraft took off but only one made it directly to Tarnopol. Many aircraft were lost that day, among them Focke-Wulf Fw 190 A-6 (Werknummer 531087—factory number) flown by Wolf who crash landed the aircraft and was severely wounded.[13] On 18 January 1944, he was appointed Staffelkapitän (squadron leader) of 6. Staffel, succeeding Oberleutnant Horst Ademeit who was transferred.[14]

Wolf's 135th aerial victory claimed on 23 March 1944 was also JG 54's 7000th of the war.[15] Wolf was killed in action 20 kilometers (12 miles) south-east of Pskov on 2 April 1944 at 09:30. During aerial combat at low altitude with a Yakovlev Yak-9 fighter, his Fw 190 A-6 (Werknummer 551142—factory number) took a direct hit from an anti-aircraft shell.[16] He was posthumously promoted to Oberleutnant (first lieutenant) and awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross with Oak Leaves (Ritterkreuz des Eisernen Kreuzes mit Eichenlaub) on 27 April 1944.[11][17][18] He was the 464th member of the German armed forces to be so honored. Stockert indicated that the Oak Leaves presentation date 27 April 1944 may be incorrect. Based on a list published by the Oberkommando der Luftwaffe (High Command of the Air Force), the Oak Leaves were awarded on 25 April 1944.[19] Wolf was succeeded by Leutnant Heinrich Sterr as commander of 6. Staffel.[14]

Summary of career edit

Aerial victory claims edit

According to US historian David T. Zabecki, Wolf was credited with 144 aerial victories.[20] Mathews and Foreman, authors of Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims, researched the German Federal Archives and found records for 142 aerial victory claims, all of which claimed on the Eastern Front.[21]

Victory claims were logged to a map-reference (PQ = Planquadrat), for example "PQ 18234". The Luftwaffe grid map (Jägermeldenetz) covered all of Europe, western Russia and North Africa and was composed of rectangles measuring 15 minutes of latitude by 30 minutes of longitude, an area of about 360 square miles (930 km2). These sectors were then subdivided into 36 smaller units to give a location area 3 km × 4 km (1.9 mi × 2.5 mi) in size.[22]

Chronicle of aerial victories
  This and the ♠ (Ace of spades) indicates those aerial victories which made Wolf an "ace-in-a-day", a term which designates a fighter pilot who has shot down five or more airplanes in a single day.
  This and the ? (question mark) indicates information discrepancies listed by Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike, Bock, Mathews and Foreman.
Claim Date Time Type Location Claim Date Time Type Location
– 6. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 –[23]
Eastern Front — 1 May 1942 – 3 February 1943
1 6 August 1942 15:50 Il-2 northwest of Kamischtchewo[24] 6 29 December 1942 12:55 P-39 PQ 18234[25]
30 km (19 mi) east-southeast of Staraya Russa
2 23 August 1942 12:07 Yak-1 PQ 54244[26]
25 km (16 mi) south-southeast of Sukhinichi 		7 30 December 1942 11:54 LaGG-3 PQ 28144[27]
40 km (25 mi) northwest of Demyansk
3 5 September 1942 11:10 Pe-2 PQ 28464[28]
25 km (16 mi) east of Demyansk 		8 30 December 1942 13:44 Il-2 PQ 28145[27]
30 km (19 mi) northwest of Demyansk
4 30 September 1942 08:46 Il-2 PQ 29751[6]
45 km (28 mi) north-northwest of Demyansk 		9 14 January 1943 12:35 Il-2 PQ 10162[29]
southeast of Shlisselburg
5 4 December 1942 10:15 Il-2 PQ 09854[30] 10 26 January 1943 11:25 Il-2 PQ 10113[29]
vicinity of Shlisselburg
– 6. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 –[21]
Eastern Front — 4 February – 31 December 1943
11 11 February 1943 10:30 La-5 PQ 36 Ost 20514[31]
45 km (28 mi) east-northeast of Lyuban 		67 28 August 1943 06:14 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 43873[32]
15 km (9.3 mi) south-southeast of Sevsk
12 23 February 1943 15:53 LaGG-3 PQ 35 Ost 19761[33]
15 km (9.3 mi) north-northeast of Staraya Russa 		68 28 August 1943 11:52 Yak-4?[Note 3] PQ 35 Ost 43822[32]
15 km (9.3 mi) east-northeast of Sevsk
13 27 February 1943 15:40 LaGG-3 PQ 35 Ost 18453[33]
40 km (25 mi) west of Demyansk 		69 30 August 1943 14:23 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 35641[32]
25 km (16 mi) west of Spas-Demensk
14 5 March 1943 07:30 Il-2 PQ 35 Ost 18423[33]
40 km (25 mi) southeast of Staraya Russa 		70 30 August 1943 17:53 Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 45523[32]
15 km (9.3 mi) northeast of Spas-Demensk
15 5 March 1943 13:55 Il-2 PQ 35 Ost 18212[33]
20 km (12 mi) east-southeast of Staraya Russa 		71 30 August 1943 18:01 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 35491[32]
20 km (12 mi) north-northwest of Spas-Demensk
16 5 March 1943 16:18 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 18391[8]
45 km (28 mi) northeast of Kholm 		72 31 August 1943 06:48 Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 35632[32]
10 km (6.2 mi) northwest of Spas-Demensk
17 7 March 1943 09:15 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 18391[8]
45 km (28 mi) northeast of Kholm 		73 31 August 1943 15:31 Pe-2 PQ 35 Ost 35554[32]
20 km (12 mi) south of Yelnya
18 23 March 1943 17:20 P-40 PQ 36 Ost 00243[8]
20 km (12 mi) southeast of Leningrad 		74 31 August 1943 15:34 Pe-2 PQ 35 Ost 35643[32]
25 km (16 mi) west of Spas-Demensk
19 18 June 1943 12:20 LaGG-3 PQ 36 Ost 20113[35]
west of Volkhov 		75 1 September 1943 18:08 Il-2 PQ 35 Ost 25453[32]
25 km (16 mi) west-northwest of Yelnya
20 24 June 1943 07:10 LaGG-3 PQ 36 Ost 21871[36]
20 km (12 mi) northeast of Volkhov 		76 1 September 1943 18:10 Il-2 PQ 35 Ost 25433[32]
20 km (12 mi) northwest of Yelnya
21 13 July 1943 06:57 Yak-7 PQ 35 Ost 63894[36]
25 km (16 mi) southeast of Mtsensk 		77 4 September 1943 16:36 Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 26632[37]
40 km (25 mi) south of Bogolyubovo
22 13 July 1943 11:54 Pe-2 PQ 35 Ost 63222[36]
40 km (25 mi) east of Oryol 		78 4 September 1943 17:04 Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 25484[37]
25 km (16 mi) west of Yelnya
23 13 July 1943 14:15 Il-2 PQ 35 Ost 63412[36]
35 km (22 mi) north of Maloarkhangelsk 		79 5 September 1943 11:24 Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 25493[37]
15 km (9.3 mi) west of Yelnya
24 14 July 1943 14:21 LaGG-3 PQ 35 Ost 54333[38]
45 km (28 mi) east-southeast of Zhizdra 		80 5 September 1943 17:50?[Note 4] La-5 PQ 35 Ost 35374[37]
5 km (3.1 mi) southwest of Yelnya
25 15 July 1943 17:02 LaGG-3 PQ 35 Ost 64883[38]
25 km (16 mi) southeast of Mtsensk 		81♠ 7 September 1943 08:06 Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 26824[37]
20 km (12 mi) north of Yartsevo
26 16 July 1943 18:57 La-5[38] 82♠ 7 September 1943 08:23 Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 26823[37]
20 km (12 mi) north of Yartsevo
27 17 July 1943 06:43 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 54614[38]
25 km (16 mi) west of Bolkhov 		83♠ 7 September 1943 11:09 Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 26673[37]
25 km (16 mi) northeast of Moschna
28 17 July 1943 06:58?[Note 5] La-5 PQ 35 Ost 54183[38]
10 km (6.2 mi) east of Belyov 		84♠ 7 September 1943 11:17 Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 26861[37]
15 km (9.3 mi) east-northeast of Yartsevo
29 19 July 1943 11:47 Yak-7 PQ 35 Ost 54442[38]
30 km (19 mi) northwest of Bolkhov 		85♠ 7 September 1943 16:45 Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 26491[37]
45 km (28 mi) southwest of Bogolyubovo
30 20 July 1943 08:29 LaGG-3 PQ 35 Ost 64871[38]
25 km (16 mi) south of Mtsensk 		86 9 September 1943 17:04 Yak-9?[Note 6] PQ 35 Ost 26242[37]
10 km (6.2 mi) northwest of Yartsevo
31 22 July 1943 15:18 Yak-7 PQ 35 Ost 64799[38]
25 km (16 mi) east-northeast of Oryol 		87 10 September 1943 09:57 Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 26841[37]
10 km (6.2 mi) northwest of Yartsevo
32 23 July 1943 18:27 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 63161[38]
20 km (12 mi) south-eastsouth of Oryol 		88 11 September 1943 16:01?[Note 7] Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 35852[37]
33 25 July 1943 12:40 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 53291[38]
20 km (12 mi) south-southwest of Oryol 		89 15 September 1943 08:51 Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 26812, northeast of Dukhovshchina[37]
20 km (12 mi) north-northwest of Yartsevo
34 30 July 1943 05:24 La-5 PQ 36 Ost 00224[39]
20 km (12 mi) west of Shlisselburg 		90?[Note 8] 15 September 1943 10:29 Il-2 25 km (16 mi) northwest of Yelnya[34]
35 30 July 1943 16:54 Il-2 PQ 36 Ost 10153[39]
southeast of Shlisselburg 		91 15 September 1943 11:01 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 35341[37]
20 km (12 mi) south of Smolensk
36 1 August 1943 06:13?[Note 9] La-5 PQ 36 Ost 00263[39]
10 km (6.2 mi) southwest of Shlisselburg 		92 15 September 1943 13:14 Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 35541[37]
20 km (12 mi) south-southwest of Yelnya
37 2 August 1943 08:52 Yak-7 PQ 36 Ost 10191[39]
east of Mga 		93 15 September 1943 17:25 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 35374[37]
5 km (3.1 mi) southwest of Yelnya
38 2 August 1943 08:57 Yak-7 PQ 36 Ost 10411[39]
25 km (16 mi) east-southeast of Mga 		94 17 September 1943 11:23 Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 35383[37]
15 km (9.3 mi) south of Yelnya
39 2 August 1943 09:10 Yak-7 PQ 36 Ost 10414[39]
25 km (16 mi) east-southeast of Mga 		95 23 October 1943 13:19 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 10112[41]
vicinity of Shlisselburg
40 2 August 1943 12:54 Il-2 PQ 36 Ost 10352[39]
20 km (12 mi) southeast of Mga 		96 23 October 1943 15:17 Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 10161[41]
southeast of Shlisselburg
41 7 August 1943 13:55 Yak-9?[Note 10] PQ 35 Ost 54631[39]
10 km (6.2 mi) west of Bolkhov 		97 23 October 1943 15:23 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 10114[41]
vicinity of Shlisselburg
42 8 August 1943 19:00 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 54672[39]
30 km (19 mi) southwest of Bolkhov 		98 24 October 1943 10:00 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 01454[41]
Lake Ladoga
43 9 August 1943 18:31 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 54843[42]
40 km (25 mi) east of Karachev 		99 25 October 1943 12:14 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 11371[41]
Lake Ladoga
44 13 August 1943 16:20 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 54743[42]
5 km (3.1 mi) east of Karachev 		100 25 October 1943 15:35 Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 11794[41]
Lake Ladoga
45 13 August 1943 16:30 Il-2 PQ 35 Ost 53213[42]
30 km (19 mi) west of Oryol 		101 26 October 1943 10:40 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 10131[41]
east of Shlisselburg
46 14 August 1943 05:01 Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 45721[42]
15 km (9.3 mi) north-northwest of Kirov 		102 26 October 1943 10:55 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 11733[41]
Lake Ladoga
47 14 August 1943 05:08 Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 45734[42]
15 km (9.3 mi) north-northeast of Kirov 		103 28 October 1943 12:06 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 01394[41]
60 km (37 mi) northeast of Zelenogorsk
48 14 August 1943 05:14 Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 45744, northwest of Kirov[42]
15 km (9.3 mi) west of Kirov 		104 28 October 1943 12:09 Pe-2 PQ 35 Ost 01391[41]
60 km (37 mi) northeast of Zelenogorsk
49 14 August 1943 08:46 Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 45763[42]
5 km (3.1 mi) northeast of Kirov 		105 1 November 1943 09:27 Il-2 PQ 35 Ost 10121[41]
east of Shlisselburg
50 16 August 1943 13:26 Il-2 PQ 35 Ost 45733[42]
vicinity of Spas-Demensk 		106 2 November 1943 13:25 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 10122[41]
east of Shlisselburg
51 16 August 1943 13:35 Il-2 PQ 35 Ost 35861[42]
25 km (16 mi) west of Kirov 		107 2 November 1943 15:06 Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 01361[41]
65 km (40 mi) northeast of Zelenogorsk
52 17 August 1943 08:53 Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 44842[42]
20 km (12 mi) southeast of Bryansk 		108 3 November 1943 13:55 Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 01394[43]
60 km (37 mi) northeast of Zelenogorsk
53 19 August 1943 05:47?[Note 11] Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 43864[42]
25 km (16 mi) east-southeast of Sevsk 		109 3 November 1943 14:29 Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 01333[43]
70 km (43 mi) northeast of Zelenogorsk
54 19 August 1943 16:23 Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 45751[42]
5 km (3.1 mi) northwest of Kirov 		110♠ 6 November 1943 07:17 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 01592[43]
45 km (28 mi) east-northeast of Zelenogorsk
55 20 August 1943 06:29 P-39 PQ 35 Ost 43851[42]
15 km (9.3 mi) southeast of Sevsk 		111♠ 6 November 1943 07:21 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 01594[43]
45 km (28 mi) east-northeast of Zelenogorsk
56 21 August 1943 13:20?[Note 12] Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 35624[42]
20 km (12 mi) west-northwest of Spas-Demensk 		112♠ 6 November 1943 07:25 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 01672[43]
40 km (25 mi) north-northeast of Leningrad
57 21 August 1943 16:20 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 43861[42]
25 km (16 mi) east-southeast of Sevsk 		113♠ 6 November 1943 15:19 Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 01564[44]
45 km (28 mi) northeast of Zelenogorsk
58 22 August 1943 06:23 P-39 PQ 35 Ost 43832[42]
25 km (16 mi) east-southeast of Sevsk 		114♠ 6 November 1943 15:24 Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 01643[44]
55 km (34 mi) north-northeast of Leningrad
59 22 August 1943 06:26 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 43863[42]
25 km (16 mi) east-southeast of Sevsk 		115 22 November 1943 14:16 Il-2 PQ 25 Ost 91564[44]
20 km (12 mi) north-northwest of Zelenogorsk
60 22 August 1943 13:07 Yak-9 PQ 35 Ost 43454[42]
25 km (16 mi) west-northwest of Dmitrowsk 		116 29 November 1943 10:40 Yak-9 PQ 25 Ost 91651[44]
20 km (12 mi) north-northeast of Zelenogorsk
61 22 August 1943 16:22 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 43852[42]
15 km (9.3 mi) southeast of Sevsk 		117 29 November 1943 10:43 Yak-9 PQ 25 Ost 91642[44]
20 km (12 mi) north of Zelenogorsk
62 23 August 1943 10:07 P-39 PQ 35 Ost 42224[32] 118 10 December 1943 08:47 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 00133[44]
10 km (6.2 mi) east of Leningrad
63 24 August 1943 06:58 DB-3 PQ 35 Ost 44553[32]
20 km (12 mi) north-northwest of Bryansk 		119 11 December 1943 08:11 Il-2 PQ 35 Ost 00121[44]
vicinity of Leningrad
64 24 August 1943 07:00 DB-3 PQ 35 Ost 44374[32]
20 km (12 mi) west-southwest of Datkovo 		120 12 December 1943 13:35 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 00112[44]
10 km (6.2 mi) west of Leningrad
65 24 August 1943 07:03 DB-3 PQ 35 Ost 44383[32]
10 km (6.2 mi) southwest of Datkovo 		121 14 December 1943 09:37 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 01772[44]
15 km (9.3 mi) northwest of Leningrad
66 24 August 1943 15:09 Il-2 PQ 35 Ost 44483[32]
25 km (16 mi) south of Zhizdra 		122 17 December 1943 08:02 La-5 PQ 35 Ost 01722[44]
15 km (9.3 mi) northwest of Leningrad
– 6. Staffel of Jagdgeschwader 54 –[45]
Eastern Front — 1 January 1944 – 2 April 1944
123 15 January 1944 12:17 La-5 PQ 26 Ost 80862[46]
50 km (31 mi) southeast of Narva 		133 19 March 1944 11:19 Yak-9?[Note 13] PQ 25 Ost 99711[47]
50 km (31 mi) northwest of Porchov
124 15 January 1944 12:19 Il-2 PQ 26 Ost 90713[46]
40 km (25 mi) southwest of Lissino 		134 22 March 1944 11:34 La-5?[Note 14] PQ 25 Ost 97564[47]
30 km (19 mi) east-northeast of Idriza
125 15 January 1944 12:31 La-5 PQ 26 Ost 90574[46]
35 km (22 mi) southwest of Lissino 		135 23 March 1944 16:47?[Note 15] Yak-9 PQ 25 Ost 97641[47]
30 km (19 mi) east-northeast of Idriza
126 22 January 1944 14:46 La-5 PQ 26 Ost 80663[46]
40 km (25 mi) east of Narva 		136 26 March 1944 09:40 Yak-9 PQ 25 Ost 88862[47]
45 km (28 mi) southeast of Ostrov
127 24 January 1944 10:34 Yak-9 PQ 26 Ost 80683[46]
35 km (22 mi) northeast of Narva 		137 26 March 1944 12:57 Yak-9 PQ 25 Ost 78284[47]
40 km (25 mi) west of Pskov
128 28 January 1944 14:43 La-5 PQ 26 Ost 90572[46]
35 km (22 mi) southwest of Lissino 		138 27 March 1944 06:20 Yak-9 PQ 25 Ost 78254, east-northeast of Petseri[47]
129 28 January 1944 15:09 La-5 PQ 26 Ost 80632[46]
35 km (22 mi) northeast of Narva 		139 27 March 1944 06:25 Il-2 PQ 25 Ost 78261[47]
130 11 February 1944 13:24 La-5 PQ 36 Ost 00683[46]
25 km (16 mi) south-southwest of Tosno 		140 27 March 1944 06:37 Yak-9 PQ 25 Ost 89772[47]
25 km (16 mi) northwest of Pskov
131 19 March 1944 10:32 Yak-9 PQ 25 Ost 89451[47]
35 km (22 mi) northeast of Pskov 		141 31 March 1944 14:47 Yak-9 PQ 25 Ost 89341[47]
15 km (9.3 mi) southeast of Gdov
132 19 March 1944 11:04 Yak-9 PQ 25 Ost 88112[47]
Lake Peipus, 20 km (12 mi) northwest of Pskov 		142 2 April 1944 09:27 Yak-9 PQ 25 Ost 88442[47]
25 km (16 mi) southeast of Pskov

Awards edit

Notes edit

  1. ^ Flight training in the Luftwaffe progressed through the levels A1, A2 and B1, B2, referred to as A/B flight training. A training included theoretical and practical training in aerobatics, navigation, long-distance flights and dead-stick landings. The B courses included high-altitude flights, instrument flights, night landings and training to handle the aircraft in difficult situations.[2]
  2. ^ For an explanation of Luftwaffe unit designations see Organization of the Luftwaffe during World War II.
  3. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed as a Yakovlev Yak-9.[34]
  4. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 17:40.[34]
  5. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 06:55.[23]
  6. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed as a Yakovlev Yak-4.[34]
  7. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 15:05.[34]
  8. ^ The authors Prien, Stemmer, Rodeike and Bock do not list this claim.[37] However, they date a possible claim of unknown type in the timeframe 18 September to 3 October 1943 which might correlate to this claim listed by Mathews and Foreman.[23][40]
  9. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 06:43.[23]
  10. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed as a Yakovlev Yak-4.[23]
  11. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 05:44.[23]
  12. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 12:30.[34]
  13. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed as a Yakovlev Yak-1.[45]
  14. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed as a Lavochkin La-7.[45]
  15. ^ According to Mathews and Foreman claimed at 15:47.[45]
  16. ^ According to Scherzer as pilot in the II./Jagdgeschwader 54.[51]
  17. ^ According to Scherzer on 25 April 1944.[51]

References edit

Citations edit

  1. ^ Spick 1996, p. 227.
  2. ^ Bergström, Antipov & Sundin 2003, p. 17.
  3. ^ a b c Stockert 2007, p. 137.
  4. ^ Prien et al. 2006, p. 115.
  5. ^ Prien et al. 2006, pp. 127, 147.
  6. ^ a b Prien et al. 2006, p. 154.
  7. ^ a b c Thomas 1998, p. 456.
  8. ^ a b c d Prien et al. 2012, p. 270.
  9. ^ Bergström 2007, pp. 86–87.
  10. ^ Obermaier 1989, p. 244.
  11. ^ a b Obermaier 1989, p. 65.
  12. ^ Page 2020, p. 24.
  13. ^ Prien et al. 2012, pp. 262, 286.
  14. ^ a b Prien et al. 2022, p. 471.
  15. ^ Hannig & Weal 2004, p. 9.
  16. ^ Prien et al. 2022, p. 490.
  17. ^ Weal 2001, p. 108.
  18. ^ Mitcham 2007, p. 243.
  19. ^ Stockert 2007, p. 138.
  20. ^ Zabecki 2019, p. 329.
  21. ^ a b Mathews & Foreman 2015, pp. 1440–1442.
  22. ^ Planquadrat.
  23. ^ a b c d e f Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1440.
  24. ^ Prien et al. 2006, p. 147.
  25. ^ Prien et al. 2006, p. 156.
  26. ^ Prien et al. 2006, p. 150.
  27. ^ a b Prien et al. 2006, p. 157.
  28. ^ Prien et al. 2006, p. 152.
  29. ^ a b Prien et al. 2006, p. 158.
  30. ^ Prien et al. 2006, p. 155.
  31. ^ Prien et al. 2012, p. 268.
  32. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Prien et al. 2012, p. 276.
  33. ^ a b c d Prien et al. 2012, p. 269.
  34. ^ a b c d e f Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1441.
  35. ^ Prien et al. 2012, p. 271.
  36. ^ a b c d Prien et al. 2012, p. 272.
  37. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Prien et al. 2012, p. 277.
  38. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Prien et al. 2012, p. 273.
  39. ^ a b c d e f g h i Prien et al. 2012, p. 274.
  40. ^ Prien et al. 2012, p. 278.
  41. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Prien et al. 2012, p. 280.
  42. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Prien et al. 2012, p. 275.
  43. ^ a b c d e Prien et al. 2012, p. 281.
  44. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Prien et al. 2012, p. 282.
  45. ^ a b c d Mathews & Foreman 2015, p. 1442.
  46. ^ a b c d e f g h Prien et al. 2022, p. 476.
  47. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Prien et al. 2022, p. 477.
  48. ^ Patzwall 2008, p. 220.
  49. ^ Patzwall & Scherzer 2001, p. 520.
  50. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, p. 451.
  51. ^ a b Scherzer 2007, p. 794.
  52. ^ Fellgiebel 2000, p. 82.

Bibliography edit

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  • Bergström, Christer [in Swedish] (2007). Kursk—The Final Air Battle: July 1943. Hersham, Surrey: Classic Publications. ISBN 978-1-903223-88-8.
  • Bergström, Christer [in Swedish]; Antipov, Vlad; Sundin, Claes (2003). Graf & Grislawski – A Pair of Aces. Hamilton MT: Eagle Editions. ISBN 978-0-9721060-4-7.
  • Fellgiebel, Walther-Peer [in German] (2000) [1986]. Die Träger des Ritterkreuzes des Eisernen Kreuzes 1939–1945 — Die Inhaber der höchsten Auszeichnung des Zweiten Weltkrieges aller Wehrmachtteile [The Bearers of the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross 1939–1945 — The Owners of the Highest Award of the Second World War of all Wehrmacht Branches] (in German). Friedberg, Germany: Podzun-Pallas. ISBN 978-3-7909-0284-6.
  • Hannig, Norbert; Weal, John (2004). Luftwaffe Fighter Ace. London, UK: Grub Street Publishing. ISBN 978-1-908117-97-7.
  • Mathews, Andrew Johannes; Foreman, John (2015). Luftwaffe Aces — Biographies and Victory Claims — Volume 4 S–Z. Walton on Thames: Red Kite. ISBN 978-1-906592-21-9.
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  • Obermaier, Ernst (1989). Die Ritterkreuzträger der Luftwaffe Jagdflieger 1939 – 1945 [The Knight's Cross Bearers of the Luftwaffe Fighter Force 1939 – 1945] (in German). Mainz, Germany: Verlag Dieter Hoffmann. ISBN 978-3-87341-065-7.
  • Page, Neil (2020). Day Fighter Aces of the Luftwaffe 1943–45. Philadelphia, PA: Casemate Publishers. ISBN 978-1-61200-879-0.
  • Patzwall, Klaus D.; Scherzer, Veit (2001). Das Deutsche Kreuz 1941 – 1945 Geschichte und Inhaber Band II [The German Cross 1941 – 1945 History and Recipients Volume 2] (in German). Norderstedt, Germany: Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall. ISBN 978-3-931533-45-8.
  • Patzwall, Klaus D. (2008). Der Ehrenpokal für besondere Leistung im Luftkrieg [The Honor Goblet for Outstanding Achievement in the Air War] (in German). Norderstedt, Germany: Verlag Klaus D. Patzwall. ISBN 978-3-931533-08-3.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2006). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 9/III—Vom Sommerfeldzug 1942 bis zur Niederlage von Stalingrad—1.5.1942 bis 3.2.1943 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 9/III—From the 1942 Summer Campaign to the Defeat at Stalingrad—1 May 1942 to 3 February 1943] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Struve-Druck. ISBN 978-3-923457-78-6.
  • Prien, Jochen; Stemmer, Gerhard; Rodeike, Peter; Bock, Winfried (2012). Die Jagdfliegerverbände der Deutschen Luftwaffe 1934 bis 1945—Teil 12/III—Einsatz im Osten—4.2. bis 31.12.1943 [The Fighter Units of the German Air Force 1934 to 1945—Part 12/III—Action in the East—4 February to 31 December 1943] (in German). Eutin, Germany: Buchverlag Rogge. ISBN 978-3-942943-07-9.
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