2MASS J21392676+0220226 (or CFBDS J213926+02202) is a brown dwarf located 34 light-years (10 parsecs) from Earth in the constellation Aquarius.[5] Its surface is thought to be host to a massive storm,[6] resulting in large variability of its color.[7] It is a member of the Carina-Near moving group.[2] This brown dwarf was discovered in the Two Micron All-Sky Survey (2MASS).
| Observation data Epoch J2000 Equinox J2000 | |
|---|---|
| Constellation | Aquarius |
| Right ascension | 21h 39m 26.769s[1] |
| Declination | +02° 20′ 22.70″[1] |
| Characteristics | |
| Spectral type | T1.5[2] |
| Apparent magnitude (J) | 14.710[3] |
| Apparent magnitude (H) | 14.16[1] |
| Apparent magnitude (K) | 13.58[1] |
| Astrometry | |
| Radial velocity (Rv) | −25.1±0.3[2] km/s |
| Proper motion (μ) | RA: 489.7±0.7 mas/yr[2] Dec.: 125.0±0.8 mas/yr[2] |
| Parallax (π) | 96.5 ± 1.1 mas[2] |
| Distance | 33.8 ± 0.4 ly (10.4 ± 0.1 pc) |
| Details | |
| Mass | 14.6+3.2 −1.6[2] MJup |
| Radius | 1.17+0.02 −0.04[2] RJup |
| Surface gravity (log g) | 4.42+0.12 −0.06[2] cgs |
| Temperature | 1111+37 −42[2] K |
| Rotation | 7.614±0.178 h[4] |
| Age | 200±50[2] Myr |
| Other designations | |
CFBDS J213926+022023, 2MUCD 20912, WISEP J213927.09+022023.7 | |
| Database references | |
| SIMBAD | data |
The clouds on this brown dwarf are modelled as patchy, high-altitude forsterite cloud above a deeper, optically thick iron cloud. The silicate clouds cover 75-91% of the surface of this brown dwarf.[8] An alternative model from around 2016 can explain the variability and atmosphere of this brown dwarf without clouds.[9]
Once thought to be a binary object based on a 2010 study,[10][11] it has since been shown to in fact be single.[12][13]
References edit
- ^ a b c d Cutri, Roc M.; Skrutskie, Michael F.; Van Dyk, Schuyler D.; Beichman, Charles A.; Carpenter, John M.; Chester, Thomas; Cambresy, Laurent; Evans, Tracey E.; Fowler, John W.; Gizis, John E.; Howard, Elizabeth V.; Huchra, John P.; Jarrett, Thomas H.; Kopan, Eugene L.; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Light, Robert M.; Marsh, Kenneth A.; McCallon, Howard L.; Schneider, Stephen E.; Stiening, Rae; Sykes, Matthew J.; Weinberg, Martin D.; Wheaton, William A.; Wheelock, Sherry L.; Zacarias, N. (2003). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)". CDS/ADC Collection of Electronic Catalogues. 2246: II/246. Bibcode:2003yCat.2246....0C.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Zhang, Zhoujian; Liu, Michael C.; et al. (April 2021). "The Hawaii Infrared Parallax Program. V. New T-dwarf Members and Candidate Members of Nearby Young Moving Groups". The Astrophysical Journal. 911 (1): 7. arXiv:2102.05045. Bibcode:2021ApJ...911....7Z. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/abe3fa. S2CID 231861787.
- ^ "2MASS J21392676+0220226". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 19 December 2016.
- ^ Tannock, Megan E.; Metchev, Stanimir; Heinze, Aren; Miles-Páez, Paulo A.; Gagné, Jonathan; Burgasser, Adam; Marley, Mark S.; Apai, Dániel; Suárez, Genaro; Plavchan, Peter (2021), "Weather on Other Worlds. V. The Three Most Rapidly Rotating Ultra-cool Dwarfs", The Astronomical Journal, 161 (5): 224, arXiv:2103.01990, Bibcode:2021AJ....161..224T, doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abeb67, S2CID 232105126
- ^ Andrew Fazekas. "Colossal Storm May Rage on Jupiter-like 'Failed Star'".
- ^ Dean Praetorius. "Brown Dwarf May Be Host To Massive, Violent Mega Storm". The Huffington Post, 9/13/2011.
- ^ Lew, Ben W. P.; Apai, Dániel; Zhou, Yifan; Radigan, Jacqueline; Marley, Mark; Schneider, Glenn; Cowan, Nicolas B.; Miles-Páez, Paulo A.; Manjavacas, Elena; Karalidi, Theodora; Bedin, L. R.; Lowrance, Patrick J.; Burgasser, Adam J. (2020), "Cloud Atlas: Weak Color Modulations Due to Rotation in the Planetary-mass Companion GU PSC b and 11 Other Brown Dwarfs", The Astronomical Journal, 159 (3): 125, arXiv:1912.02812, Bibcode:2020AJ....159..125L, doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab5f59, S2CID 208637110
- ^ Vos, Johanna M.; Burningham, Ben; Faherty, Jacqueline K.; Alejandro, Sherelyn; Gonzales, Eileen; Calamari, Emily; Bardalez Gagliuffi, Daniella; Visscher, Channon; Tan, Xianyu; Morley, Caroline V.; Marley, Mark; Gemma, Marina E.; Whiteford, Niall; Gaarn, Josefine; Park, Grace (2023-02-01). "Patchy Forsterite Clouds in the Atmospheres of Two Highly Variable Exoplanet Analogs". The Astrophysical Journal. 944 (2): 138. arXiv:2212.07399. Bibcode:2023ApJ...944..138V. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/acab58. ISSN 0004-637X.
- ^ Manjavacas, Elena; Miles-Páez, Paulo A.; Karalidi, Theodora; Vos, Johanna M.; Galloway, Max L.; Girard, Julien H. (2023-04-01). "Time-resolved Optical Polarization Monitoring of the Most Variable Brown Dwarf". The Astronomical Journal. 165 (4): 181. arXiv:2303.06144. Bibcode:2023AJ....165..181M. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/acc317. ISSN 0004-6256.
- ^ Burgasser, Adam J.; Cruz, Kelle L.; Cushing, Michael; Gelino, Christopher R.; Looper, Dagny L.; Faherty, Jacqueline K.; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Reid, I. Neill (2010). "SpeX Spectroscopy of Unresolved Very Low-Mass Binaries. I. Identification of Seventeen Candidate Binaries Straddling the L Dwarf/T Dwarf Transition". The Astrophysical Journal. 710 (2): 1142–1169. arXiv:0912.3808. Bibcode:2010ApJ...710.1142B. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/710/2/1142. S2CID 30729652.
- ^ Reylé, Céline; Jardine, Kevin; Fouqué, Pascal; Caballero, Jose A.; Smart, Richard L.; Sozzetti, Alessandro (30 April 2021). "The 10 parsec sample in the Gaia era". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 650: A201. arXiv:2104.14972. Bibcode:2021A&A...650A.201R. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202140985. S2CID 233476431.
- ^ Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Gelino, Christopher R.; et al. (March 2021). "The Field Substellar Mass Function Based on the Full-sky 20 pc Census of 525 L, T, and Y Dwarfs". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 253 (1): 7. arXiv:2011.11616. Bibcode:2021ApJS..253....7K. doi:10.3847/1538-4365/abd107. S2CID 227126954.
- ^ Reylé, Céline; Jardine, Kevin; Fouqué, Pascal; Caballero, Jose A.; Smart, Richard L.; Sozzetti, Alessandro (6 February 2023), The 10 parsec sample in the Gaia era: First update, arXiv:2302.02810, doi:10.5281/zenodo.7576096
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