Syriac is a Unicode block containing characters for all forms of the Syriac alphabet, including the Estrangela, Serto, Eastern Syriac, and the Christian Palestinian Aramaic variants. It is used in Literary Syriac, Neo-Aramaic, and Arabic among Syriac-speaking Christians. It was used historically to write Armenian, Persian, Ottoman Turkish, and Malayalam.
| Syriac | |
|---|---|
| Range | U+0700..U+074F (80 code points) |
| Plane | BMP |
| Scripts | Syriac |
| Major alphabets | Estrangela Serto or West Syriac Eastern Syriac Garshuni (Arabic) Neo-Aramaic |
| Assigned | 77 code points |
| Unused | 3 reserved code points |
| Unicode version history | |
| 3.0 (1999) | 71 (+71) |
| 4.0 (2003) | 77 (+6) |
| Unicode documentation | |
| Code chart ∣ Web page | |
| Note: [1][2] | |
Additional Syriac letters used for writing the Malayalam language are encoded in the Syriac Supplement block.
Unicode chart edit
| Syriac[1][2] Official Unicode Consortium code chart (PDF) | ||||||||||||||||
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | A | B | C | D | E | F | |
| U+070x | ܀ | ܁ | ܂ | ܃ | ܄ | ܅ | ܆ | ܇ | ܈ | ܉ | ܊ | ܋ | ܌ | ܍ | SAM | |
| U+071x | ܐ | ܑ | ܒ | ܓ | ܔ | ܕ | ܖ | ܗ | ܘ | ܙ | ܚ | ܛ | ܜ | ܝ | ܞ | ܟ |
| U+072x | ܠ | ܡ | ܢ | ܣ | ܤ | ܥ | ܦ | ܧ | ܨ | ܩ | ܪ | ܫ | ܬ | ܭ | ܮ | ܯ |
| U+073x | ܰ | ܱ | ܲ | ܳ | ܴ | ܵ | ܶ | ܷ | ܸ | ܹ | ܺ | ܻ | ܼ | ܽ | ܾ | ܿ |
| U+074x | ݀ | ݁ | ݂ | ݃ | ݄ | ݅ | ݆ | ݇ | ݈ | ݉ | ݊ | ݍ | ݎ | ݏ | ||
| Notes | ||||||||||||||||
History edit
The following Unicode-related documents record the purpose and process of defining specific characters in the Syriac block:
| Version | Final code points[a] | Count | L2 ID | WG2 ID | Document |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 3.0 | U+0700..070D, 070F..072C, 0730..074A | 71 | L2/97-130 | McGowan, R. (1997-02-24), The Unicode draft proposal for Syriac character encoding | |
| L2/98-051 | Nelson, Paul; Kiraz, George (1998-02-23), Supporting letters for Encoding Syriac | ||||
| L2/98-052 | Nelson, Paul; Kiraz, George (1998-02-23), Examples of Syriac | ||||
| L2/98-070 | Aliprand, Joan; Winkler, Arnold, "3.A.2. item a. Syriac script", Minutes of the joint UTC and L2 meeting from the meeting in Cupertino, February 25-27, 1998 | ||||
| L2/98-069 | Nelson, Paul; Kiraz, George (1998-02-27), Presentation to support the coding of Syriac | ||||
| L2/98-050 | N1718 | Nelson, Paul; Kiraz, George; Hasso, Sargon (1998-03-06), Proposal to Encode Syriac in ISO/IEC 10646 | |||
| L2/98-156 | Kiraz, George, Syriac: Unicode character properties | ||||
| L2/98-158 | Aliprand, Joan; Winkler, Arnold (1998-05-26), "Character Properties for Syriac Script", Draft Minutes - UTC #76 & NCITS Subgroup L2 #173 joint meeting, Tredyffrin, Pennsylvania, April 20-22, 1998 | ||||
| L2/98-286 | N1703 | Umamaheswaran, V. S.; Ksar, Mike (1998-07-02), "8.23", Unconfirmed Meeting Minutes, WG 2 Meeting #34, Redmond, WA, USA; 1998-03-16--20 | |||
| N1837, N1837-Ireland | Summary of Voting/Table of Replies - Amendment 27 - Syriac, 1998-08-27 | ||||
| L2/98-322 | N1907 | ISO/IEC 10646-1/FPDAM. 27, AMENDMENT 27: Syriac, 1998-10-22 | |||
| N1906 | Paterson, Bruce; Everson, Michael (1998-10-22), Disposition of Comments - FPDAM27 - Syriac | ||||
| L2/99-010 | N1903 (pdf, html, doc) | Umamaheswaran, V. S. (1998-12-30), "6.7.10", Minutes of WG 2 meeting 35, London, U.K.; 1998-09-21--25 | |||
| L2/01-118 | Whistler, Ken; Cimarosti, Marco (2001-03-13), Joining group "WAW" | ||||
| L2/10-439 | Pournader, Roozbeh; Esfahbod, Behdad (2010-10-27), Refixing the bidi class for U+070F SYRIAC ABBREVIATION MARK | ||||
| L2/11-286 | Esfahbod, Behdad (2011-07-21), Syriac shaping fixes and clarifications | ||||
| L2/12-050 | Anderson, Deborah (2012-01-30), Glyph erratum for U+0709 SYRIAC SUBLINEAR COLON SKEWED RIGHT | ||||
| L2/12-188 | N4272 | Anderson, Deborah (2012-05-08), Naming error for U+0709 SYRIAC SUBLINEAR COLON SKEWED RIGHT | |||
| L2/12-112 | Moore, Lisa (2012-05-17), "Consensus 131-C20", UTC #131 / L2 #228 Minutes, Approve a formal name alias for U+0709 SYRIAC SUBLINEAR COLON SKEWED RIGHT of "SYRIAC SUBLINEAR COLON SKEWED LEFT", for Unicode 6.2. | ||||
| 4.0 | U+072D..072F, 074D..074F | 6 | L2/01-007 | Bunz, Carl-Martin (2000-12-21), "Manichaean and Christian Sogdian Scripts", Iranianist Meeting Report: Symposium on Encoding Iranian Scripts in Unicode | |
| L2/02-009 | Bunz, Carl-Martin (2001-11-23), "Christian Sogdian written in Syriac script(s)", 2nd Iranian Meeting Report | ||||
| L2/02-132 | N2422 | Everson, Michael (2002-03-30), Proposal to add six Syriac letters for Sogdian and Persian to the UCS | |||
| L2/02-185 | Nelson, Paul (2002-05-01), E-mail from Paul Nelson re Sogdian Issues | ||||
| L2/02-405 | N2509 | Everson, Michael; Sims-Williams, Nicholas (2002-11-04), Shaping behaviour of six Syriac letters for Sogdian and Persian | |||
| |||||
Character list edit
| Code | Result | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Punctuation | ||
| U+0700 | ܀ | Syriac End of Paragraph |
| U+0701 | ܁ | Syriac Supralinear Full Stop |
| U+0702 | ܂ | Syriac Sublinear Full Stop |
| U+0703 | ܃ | Syriac Supralinear Colon |
| U+0704 | ܄ | Syriac Sublinear Colon |
| U+0705 | ܅ | Syriac Horizontal Colon |
| U+0706 | ܆ | Syriac Colon skewed left |
| U+0707 | ܇ | Syriac Colon skewed right |
| U+0708 | ܈ | Syriac Supralinear Colon skewed left |
| U+0709 | ܉ | Syriac Sublinear Colon skewed right |
| U+070A | ܊ | Syriac Contraction |
| U+070B | ܋ | Syriac Harklean Obelus |
| U+070C | ܌ | Syriac Harklean Metobelus |
| U+070D | ܍ | Syriac Harklean Asteriscus |
| U+070F | | Syriac Abbreviation Mark |
| Letters | ||
| U+0710 | ܐ | Syriac Letter Alaph |
| U+0711 | ܑ | Syriac Letter Superscript Alaph |
| U+0712 | ܒ | Syriac Letter Beth |
| U+0713 | ܓ | Syriac Letter Gamal |
| U+0714 | ܔ | Syriac Letter Gamal Garshuni |
| U+0715 | ܕ | Syriac Letter Dalath |
| U+0716 | ܖ | Syriac Letter Dotless Dalath Rish |
| U+0717 | ܗ | Syriac Letter He |
| U+0718 | ܘ | Syriac Letter Waw |
| U+0719 | ܙ | Syriac Letter Zain |
| U+071A | ܚ | Syriac Letter Heth |
| U+071B | ܛ | Syriac Letter Teth |
| U+071C | ܜ | Syriac Letter Teth Garshuni |
| U+071D | ܝ | Syriac Letter Yudh |
| U+071E | ܞ | Syriac Letter Yudh He |
| U+071F | ܟ | Syriac Letter Kaph |
| U+0720 | ܠ | Syriac Letter Lamadh |
| U+0721 | ܡ | Syriac Letter Mim |
| U+0722 | ܢ | Syriac Letter Nun |
| U+0723 | ܣ | Syriac Letter Semkath |
| U+0724 | ܤ | Syriac Letter Final Semkath |
| U+0725 | ܥ | Syriac Letter E |
| U+0726 | ܦ | Syriac Letter Pe |
| U+0727 | ܧ | Syriac Letter Reversed Pe |
| U+0728 | ܨ | Syriac Letter Sadhe |
| U+0729 | ܩ | Syriac Letter Qaph |
| U+072A | ܪ | Syriac Letter Rish |
| U+072B | ܫ | Syriac Letter Shin |
| U+072C | ܬ | Syriac Letter Taw |
| U+072D | ܭ | Syriac Letter Persian Bheth |
| U+072E | ܮ | Syriac Letter Persian Ghamal |
| U+072F | ܯ | Syriac Letter Persian Dhalath |
| U+074D | ݍ | Syriac Letter Sogdian Zhain |
| U+074E | ݎ | Syriac Letter Sogdian Khaph |
| U+074F | ݏ | Syriac Letter Sogdian Fe |
| Diacritics | ||
| U+0730 | ܰ | Syriac Pthaha Above |
| U+0731 | ܱ | Syriac Pthaha Below |
| U+0732 | ܲ | Syriac Pthaha Dotted |
| U+0733 | ܳ | Syriac Zqapha Above |
| U+0734 | ܴ | Syriac Zqapha Below |
| U+0735 | ܵ | Syriac Zqapha Dotted |
| U+0736 | ܶ | Syriac Rbasa Above |
| U+0737 | ܷ | Syriac Rbasa Below |
| U+0738 | ܸ | Syriac Dotted Zlama Horizontal |
| U+0739 | ܹ | Syriac Dotted Zlama Angular |
| U+073A | ܺ | Syriac Hbasa Above |
| U+073B | ܻ | Syriac Hbasa Below |
| U+073C | ܼ | Syriac Hbasa-Esata Dotted |
| U+073D | ܽ | Syriac Esasa Above |
| U+073E | ܾ | Syriac Esasa Below |
| U+073F | ܿ | Syriac Rwaha |
| U+0740 | ݀ | Syriac Feminine Dot |
| U+0741 | ݁ | Syriac Qushshaya |
| U+0742 | ݂ | Syriac Rukkakha |
| U+0743 | ݃ | Syriac Two Vertical Dots Above |
| U+0744 | ݄ | Syriac Two Vertical Dots Below |
| U+0745 | ݅ | Syriac Three Dots Above |
| U+0746 | ݆ | Syriac Three Dots Below |
| U+0747 | ݇ | Syriac Oblique Line Above |
| U+0748 | ݈ | Syriac Oblique Line Below |
| U+0749 | ݉ | Syriac Music |
| U+074A | ݊ | Syriac Barrekh |
References edit
- ^ "Unicode character database". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2023-07-26.
- ^ "Enumerated Versions of The Unicode Standard". The Unicode Standard. Retrieved 2023-07-26.